The Major Domains of Comprehensive Assessment Tools for Older Adults Requiring Home-Based Aged Care Services: A Systematic Review.

Background/objectives: The global population is aging rapidly, increasing the need for appropriate health care. Older people often prefer to remain in their homes for as long as possible as they age. Therefore, it is crucial to assess their overall health and understand the individualized care needs for developing tailored home care services.

Retrospective Evaluation of Factors Affecting Long-Term Clinical Performance of CAD/CAM Laminate Veneers.

Purpose: To assess the clinical performance of CAD/CAM laminate veneers placed by a single operator and systematically evaluated for up to 10 years.

Materials And Methods: A total of 197 laminate veneers fabricated using either feldspathic ceramics (VMII) or lithium disilicate ceramics (EmaxCAD) were followed up to 10 years in 32 patients. Technical, esthetic, and biologic findings of each restoration were evaluated using modified United States Public Health Service criteria.

Intravenous Tranexamic Acid Given at Femoral Fragility Fracture Surgery Reduces Blood Transfusion Requirements Fourfold.

Aims: This study aims to determine whether intraoperative intravenous (IV) tranexamic acid (TXA) affects blood loss following the surgical management of femoral fragility fractures (FFF).

Methods: This was a single centre (university teaching hospital) non-randomised case-control study. There were 361 consecutive patients with FFF admitted over a 4-month period were included (mean age 81.

More I than we - the effect of organisational identification in the Australian aged care workforce.

Purpose: This paper aims to determine the effects of leadership style (LS) on organisational identification (OID) in aged care provider organisations to inform talent management strategies for the sector, which has quite severe workforce shortages.

Design/methodology/approach: This paper reports on a mixed-methods study. Study 1 was quantitative in approach that measured responses to an online questionnaire containing the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire and the Identification with a Psychological Group scale.

A 15-year unique observational study of intraligamentary local anaesthesia for posterior mandibular extractions.

Introduction Intraligamentary local anaesthesia (ILA) with articaine is described as an effective alternative to inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) for extraction of posterior teeth in the mandible, with reduced risk of complications.Aim To investigate ILA with 4% articaine and conventional syringe as a unique method for providing tooth extractions in the posterior mandible.Materials and methods All consecutive teeth to be extracted in the posterior mandible were recruited to the study, within exclusion criteria, between 2002 and 2017 in one London NHS and private dental practice.

Managing emerging challenges of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in dentistry.

Dental centers have been referred to as a hub or reservoir for infection, where healthcare professionals and other staff, patients and the public together may potentially spread pathogenic microorganisms. This may occur via saliva, skin or indirectly through air, water, and contaminated surfaces or instruments. Everyone should therefore be considered as potential sources of infection.

Measurement of eroded dentine tubule patency and roughness following novel dab-on or brushing abrasion.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of dab-on or brushing of stannous-fluoride SnF2 or sodium-fluoride NaF dentifrice on eroded dentine tubule patency, surface and inter-tubular dentine roughness, using Confocal-Laser-Scanning-Microscopy (CLSM), Atomic-Force-Microscopy (AFM), Energy-Dispersive-X-ray-Spectroscopy (EDX), Scanning-Electron-Microscopy (SEM) and Contact-Profilometry (CP).

Methods: 75-polished human dentine samples were prepared and eroded in agitated 6% citric acid to expose patent tubules and 'initiate' DH. Samples were randomly allocated into 5 intervention groups; artificial saliva control (1); electric tooth-brushing with NaF (2) or SnF2 (3), and dab-on application of NaF (4) or SnF2 (5).

Novel Confocal-Laser-Scanning-Microscopy and conventional measures investigating eroded dentine following dentifrice dab-on and brushing abrasion.

Objectives: To validate novel non-contacting Confocal-Laser-Scanning-Microscopy (CLSM) methodology with conventional Contacting Profilometry (CP) measures investigating brushing or dab-on of stannous-fluoride dentifrice on early aggressive dentine erosion.

Methods: 75 polished human dentine samples were prepared and eroded in agitated 6% citric acid then randomly allocated into 5 intervention groups; artificial saliva control (1); controlled use of a pressure sensitive counter-rotating oscillatory powered toothbrush with sodium-fluoride NaF (2) or stannous-fluoride SnF (3), and dab-on application of NaF (4) or SnF (5). Samples underwent three cycles of intervention and 2-min agitated 6 % citric acid challenges.

Clinical and academic recommendations for primary dental care prosthodontics.

Prosthodontic practice includes a large proportion of dental care provision, mostly undertaken in primary dental care (PDC) in the UK. However, there is limited research evidence in prosthodontic practice, necessary to tackle key questions to improve oral and dental health. In addition, many overarching challenges exist within the NHS system relevant to prosthodontics.

Comparison of fasted basal insulin with the combined glucose-insulin test in horses and ponies with suspected insulin dysregulation.

Fasting horses for measurement of basal serum insulin concentration (fasting insulin; FI) has been recommended to standardise testing for insulin dysregulation (ID), yet limited data exist comparing it to dynamic tests. This study aimed to compare FI with the combined glucose-insulin test (CGIT) in horses suspect for ID. We hypothesised that FI would have poor sensitivity for detecting ID compared to CGIT using conventional cut-offs.

Orthogonal Templating Control of the Crystallisation of Poly(ε-Caprolactone).

The crystal growth of poly(ε-caprolactone) can be very effectively directed through the use of small amounts of dibenzylidene sorbitol in conjunction with modest flow fields to yield extremely high levels of the preferred polymer crystal orientation. We show that by introducing small quantities of a terpolymer, based on polyvinyl butyral we can switch the symmetry axis of the final lamellar orientation from parallel to perpendicular to the melt flow direction. During shear flow of the polymer melt, the dibenzylidene sorbitol forms highly extended nanoparticles which adopt a preferred alignment with respect to the flow field and on cooling, polymer crystallisation is directed by these particles.

Systematic review of the evidence related to mandated nurse staffing ratios in acute hospitals.

Objective The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate and summarise available research on nurse staffing methods and relate these to outcomes under three overarching themes of: (1) management of clinical risk, quality and safety; (2) development of a new or innovative staffing methodology; and (3) equity of nursing workload. Methods The PRISMA method was used. Relevant articles were located by searching via the Griffith University Library electronic catalogue, including articles on PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Medline.

An up to 50-year follow-up of crown and veneer survival in a dental practice.

Statement Of Problem: Indirect restorations are an important treatment in dental practice, but long-term survival studies are lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to report on the outcome of indirect restorations, which were followed up annually for up to 50 years in a dental practice.

Material And Methods: A retrospective survival study was undertaken at a mixed National Health Service (NHS)/private dental practice in London, UK.

The rise of dentine hypersensitivity and tooth wear in an ageing population.

Our understanding of the aetiology of dentine hypersensitivity (DH) has changed dramatically over the past few decades. It is no longer an enigma, but other problems exist. The prevalence of DH in the world and in particular in the UK is increasing, predominately due to increases in tooth wear and the erosive dietary intake in the younger population.

Observational study investigating tooth extraction and the shortened dental arch approach.

The shortened dental arch (SDA) provides a cost-effective dentition, considering the population is ageing and retaining teeth for longer. The aims were to observe the reasons and sites of tooth extraction and assess the functional dentition over 15 years in dental practice. Subjects were recruited who required permanent tooth extractions between 2000 and 2015.

Systematic review of evidence underpinning non-pharmacological therapies in dementia.

Objective Dementia is one of the most common illnesses worldwide, and is one of the most important causes of disability in older people. Currently, dementia affects over 35million people around the globe. It is expected that this number will increase to 65.

Effects of tooth-brushing force with a desensitising dentifrice on dentine tubule patency and surface roughness.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of a 5% NovaMin containing dentifrice on dentine tubule patency and surface roughness at 100g and 400g tooth brush abrasion forces.

Methods: 75 polished human dentine samples were prepared and randomly allocated into one of five groups; control (1), NaPFO 100g abrasion force (2), NovaMin 100g (3), NaPFO 400g (4) and NovaMin 400g (5). The control group underwent two 2-min cycles of artificial saliva (AS), one 2-min erosion cycle; the rest underwent two toothbrush abrasion cycles in an AS/dentifrice slurry and one 2-min erosion cycle.

The effect of toothbrush abrasion force on dentine hypersensitivity in-vitro.

Objectives: This study investigated the effect of tooth brushing force on changes in dentine tubule patency in an erosion-toothbrush abrasion model.

Methods: 60 dentine samples prepared with an artificial smear layer and divided randomly into control (no toothbrush), 100 g, 200 g or 400 g toothbrush groups. They were immersed in 3:1 artificial saliva/NaF 1450 ppm and either brushed (p35 soft tooth brush; 120 strokes) or not brushed.

Effects of dentifrices on subsurface dentin tubule occlusion: an in situ study.

Purpose: To evaluate, in situ, the penetration of deposits formed within the subsurface of dentin samples treated with desensitizing dentifrices designed to occlude dentin tubules compared to two controls.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight healthy participants wore left and right intraoral appliances, each retaining four human dentin samples, for two periods of 4 days. Samples were power-brushed, outside the mouth, twice daily with test products (dentifrices containing 8% strontium or 8% arginine) or control (1,450 ppm NaF or water) and subjected to an agitated grapefruit juice acid challenge on days 3 and 4.

Corrigendum: Expression analysis of candidate genes regulating successional tooth formation in the human embryo.

[This corrects the article on p. 445 in vol. 5, PMID: 25484868.

Expression analysis of candidate genes regulating successional tooth formation in the human embryo.

Human dental development is characterized by formation of primary teeth, which are subsequently replaced by the secondary dentition. The secondary dentition consists of incisors, canines, and premolars, which are derived from the successional dental lamina of the corresponding primary tooth germs; and molar teeth, which develop as a continuation of the dental lamina. Currently, very little is known about the molecular regulation of human successional tooth formation.

The relationship between incisal/occlusal wear, dentine hypersensitivity and time after the last acid exposure in vivo.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between tooth wear and dentine hypersensitivity on occlusal/incisal tooth surfaces and the time since dietary acid consumption.

Method: 350 subjects were recruited from hospital and general practice in SE England aged 19-34 years old. The severity of tooth wear and dentine hypersensitivity was calculated on occlusal/incisal tooth surfaces per subject using Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) and Cumulative Hypersensitivity Index (CHI) scores respectively at each appointment.

A novel method to quantify dentine tubule occlusion applied to in situ model samples.

Objectives: To develop an innovative computerised routine, in conjunction with a minimally destructive imaging technique, to quantify dentine tubule occlusion.

Methods: Polished human dentine samples (n = 480) were brushed during a 4-day in situ study with two occlusion-based dentifrices, a sodium fluoride control dentifrice (1,450 ppm) or water. Samples were imaged with tandem scanning microscopy (TSM) and conventional scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Validation of the Basic Erosive Wear Examination.

The Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) is a practical index for screening tooth wear, using a 4-point ordinal scale (0-3). The highest score is recorded in each sextant and a total score (or BEWE sextant cumulative) is calculated per subject. This study aims to investigate if the BEWE sextant cumulative score compares to one comprising a percentage score from all tooth surfaces and as a highest BEWE per subject.