Dexmedetomidine reduces propofol and remifentanil requirements during bispectral index-guided closed-loop anesthesia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: The α2-adrenergic agonist dexmedetomidine is a sedative and can be used as an adjunct to anesthetics. Our primary goal was thus to determine the extent to which dexmedetomidine reduces the requirement for propofol and remifentanil.

Methods: This double-blinded, randomized study (NCT00921284) used an automated dual closed-loop administration to maintain the Bispectral Index between 40 and 60.

Efficacy of adequate early antibiotic therapy in ventilator-associated pneumonia: influence of disease severity.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that the outcome of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) depends on both their baseline severity at VAP onset and the adequacy of empirical antibiotic therapy.

Design And Setting: Prospective clinical study in six intensive care units in Paris, France.

Patients: One hundred and forty-two patients with VAP after >/= 48 h of mechanical ventilation.