Comparison of 18FDG-PET/CT and conventional follow-up methods in colorectal cancer: A randomised prospective study.

Background: A surveillance program was performed in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients after surgery, to diagnose asymptomatic recurrence.

Aims: To assess whether 18-FDG positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) improved the detection of recurrence during a 3-year follow-up.

Methods: A multicentre, two-arm randomised prospective trial comparing different 36-month follow-up strategies.

Efficacy and safety of selective internal radiotherapy with yttrium-90 resin microspheres compared with sorafenib in locally advanced and inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (SARAH): an open-label randomised controlled phase 3 trial.

Background: Sorafenib is the recommended treatment for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of sorafenib to that of selective internal radiotherapy (SIRT) with yttrium-90 (Y) resin microspheres in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods: SARAH was a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, investigator-initiated, phase 3 trial done at 25 centres specialising in liver diseases in France.

Circulating microparticles bearing Fibrin associated with whole-body 18FDG-PET: diagnostic tools to detect paraneoplastic polymyalgia rheumatica.

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), a chronic inflammatory rheumatism, can be the expression of a paraneoplastic syndrome. The same clinical symptoms are frequently observed at the early stage of the benign and malignant forms. Here, our aim was to develop diagnostic tools to differentiate paraneoplastic PMR from essential PMR.

Quality of life, clinical outcomes and safety of early prophylactic levothyroxine administration in patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism undergoing radioiodine therapy: a randomized controlled study.

Objective: While radioiodine therapy is commonly used for treating Graves' disease, a prolonged and clinical hypothyroidism may result in disabling symptoms leading to deterioration of quality of life (QoL) of patients. Introducing levothyroxine (LT4) treatment in the early post-therapeutic period may be an interesting approach to limit this phenomenon.

Methods: A multicenter, prospective, open-label randomized controlled trial enrolled 94 patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism randomly assigned to the experimental group (n=46) (group A: early prophylactic LT4 treatment) or the control group (n=48) (group B: standard follow-up).

(18)F-DOPA PET/CT in the diagnosis and localization of persistent medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of (18)F-L-dihydroxyphenylalanine ((18)F-DOPA) PET/CT in the detection of locoregional and distant medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) metastases and to compare imaging findings with histological data.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 86 MTC patients with persistently high serum calcitonin levels after initial surgery who had undergone (18)F-DOPA PET/CT between January 2007 and December 2014 in two referral centres. They were followed up for at least 6 months after the PET/CT assessment.

Rhinal hypometabolism on FDG PET in healthy APO-E4 carriers: impact on memory function and metabolic networks.

Purpose: The ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APO-E4) gene, a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), also modulates brain metabolism and function in healthy subjects. The aim of the present study was to explore cerebral metabolism using FDG PET in healthy APO-E4 carriers by comparing cognitively normal APO-E4 carriers to noncarriers and to assess if patterns of metabolism are correlated with performance on cognitive tasks. Moreover, metabolic connectivity patterns were established in order to assess if the organization of neural networks is influenced by genetic factors.

Determinants of brain SPECT perfusion and connectivity in treatment-resistant depression.

This study aims to characterize and compare functional brain single photon emission tomography (SPECT) perfusion and connectivity in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) according to distinct demographic or clinical profiles (male vs. female; old vs. young; unipolar vs.

18F-FDOPA PET/CT imaging of insulinoma revisited.

Purpose: (18)F-FDOPA PET imaging is increasingly used in the work-up of patients with neuroendocrine tumours. It has been shown to be of limited value in localizing pancreatic insulin-secreting tumours in adults with hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (HH) mainly due to (18)F-FDOPA uptake by the whole pancreatic gland. The objective of this study was to review our experience with (18)F-FDOPA PET/CT imaging with carbidopa (CD) premedication in patients with HH in comparison with PET/CT studies performed without CD premedication in an independent population.

rTMS in fibromyalgia: a randomized trial evaluating QoL and its brain metabolic substrate.

Objective: This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study investigated the impact of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on quality of life (QoL) of patients with fibromyalgia, and its possible brain metabolic substrate.

Methods: Thirty-eight patients were randomly assigned to receive high-frequency rTMS (n = 19) or sham stimulation (n = 19), applied to left primary motor cortex in 14 sessions over 10 weeks. Primary clinical outcomes were QoL changes at the end of week 11, measured using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ).

Value of diagnosis imaging in the evaluation of the severity of histological lesions in duplex systems.

Objective: In order to determine the effectiveness of imagery in the assessment of the severity of histological lesions in duplex systems in children we compared histology results from heminephrectomies with diagnosis imaging findings [renal ultrasound (US), scintigraphy, unenhanced and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imagery (MRI)].

Materials And Methods: Between 2007 and 2013, 34 children with duplex system underwent surgery. The results from US (n = 34), dimer captosuccinic acid scintigraphy (n = 23) and MRI (n = 16) were compared with histological data.

Whole-Body (18) FDG-PET in an Arthritis Paraneoplastic Syndrome Revealed an Underlying Hematological Neoplasm.

We showed the first image of (18)FDG-PET, which leads to a diagnosis of lymphoma in an atypical polyarthritis. About 4% of patients with lymphoma or leukemia suffered from rheumatologic paraneoplastic symptoms like arthralgia and about 10% of the patients with rheumatologic or neurologic clinical symptoms develop a solid cancer or hematological neoplasm. (18)FDG-PET is an interesting exam to identify an underlying malignancy when a paraneoplastic syndrome is suspected; it can detect the primitive lesion and/or the metastasis lesions.

Positron emission tomography/computed tomography for diagnosis of prosthetic valve endocarditis: increased valvular 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake as a novel major criterion.

Objectives: This study sought to determine the value of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)F-FDG PET/CT) for diagnosing prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE).

Background: The diagnosis of PVE remains challenging. In PVE cases, initial echocardiography is normal or inconclusive in almost 30%, leading to a decreased diagnostic accuracy for the modified Duke criteria.

Distinct patterns of medial temporal impairment in degenerative dementia: a brain SPECT perfusion study in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia.

Purpose: Medial temporal impairment can be detected clinically and by morphological imaging during Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the existence of a functional impairment in this area seems to be less well established. Yet such functional impairment is classically found in other degenerative cortical dementias, such as the frontal variant of frontotemporal dementia (fv-FTD). The aim of this study was to characterize and compare brain SPECT perfusion of the medial temporal lobe in AD and fv-FTD.

Diagnostic yield of FDG positron-emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with CEID infection: a pilot study.

Aims: Whole body imaging with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) has proven useful in various infectious diseases. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the diagnostic yield of FDG PET/CT in patients with cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection.

Methods And Results: A total of 21 patients with CIED infection were prospectively included.

Late Recurrences of Thyroid Carcinoma 24 Years after a Complete Remission: When Monitoring Should be Stopped?

Renal metastases from thyroid carcinoma are very rare, late recurrences of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) are not reported in literature and there is no universal recommendation for optimum duration of follow-up of thyroid carcinoma. We present herein a case of late renal recurrence of follicular variant PTC (FV-PTC). This study is a case report of renal metastasis revealing a late recurrence of FV-PTC.

Voxel-based analysis of whole-brain effects of age and gender on dopamine transporter SPECT imaging in healthy subjects.

Purpose: Several studies have shown age- and gender-related differences in striatal dopamine transporter (DaT) binding. These studies were based on a striatal region on interest approach that may have underestimated these effects and could not evaluate extrastriatal regions. Our aim was to determine the effects at the voxel level of age and gender on whole-brain DaT distribution using [(123)I]FP-CIT SPECT in healthy subjects.

Equivalent brain SPECT perfusion changes underlying therapeutic efficiency in pharmacoresistant depression using either high-frequency left or low-frequency right prefrontal rTMS.

Background: Functional neuroimaging studies have suggested similar mechanisms underlying antidepressant effects of distinct therapeutics.

Objective: This study aimed to determine and compare functional brain patterns underlying the antidepressant response of 2 distinct protocols of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).

Methods: 99mTc-ECD SPECT was performed before and after rTMS of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in 61 drug-resistant right-handed patients with major depression, using high frequency (10Hz) left-side stimulation in 33 patients, and low frequency (1Hz) right-side stimulation in 28 patients.

99mTc DPD is the preferential bone tracer for diagnosis of cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis.

We emphasize the role of Tc-99m-3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylicacid (DPD) scintigraphy as a noninvasive tool to distinguish transthyretin (TTR)-related cardiac amyloidosis from other forms of cardiac amyloidosis. We report the case of a 76-year-old male patient suffering from congestive heart failure in whom imaging investigation by DPD scintigraphy showed a strong cardiac uptake highly suggestive of TTR amyloidosis variant. TTR-related cardiac amyloidosis was confirmed on myocardial biopsies by immunohistochemistry analysis.

Functional involvement of superior temporal sulcus in quality of life of patients with schizophrenia.

The aim of this study was to investigate the neural substrate underlying quality of life (QoL) in patients with schizophrenia. Thirty-one right-handed patients were included. Patients were grouped according to 'high' and 'low' QoL levels.

Metabolic brain PET pattern underlying hyperkinetic seizures.

This study aims to contribute to the identification of selective brain regions involved in hyperkinetic behaviors. We studied the whole-brain voxel-based interictal metabolic 18FDG-PET pattern of 23 patients with hyperkinetic seizures, in comparison with both 15 healthy subjects similar for age and gender, and 23 patients without hyperkinetic seizures. Patients were in particular similar for the localization of the epileptogenic zone, this having been defined using stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) when clinically indicated (15/23 patients with hyperkinetic seizures and 13/23 patients without hyperkinetic seizures).

Schizophrenia with preserved insight is associated with increased perfusion of the precuneus.

Background: Preserved insight into illness has been suggested to be predictive of outcome in patients with schizophrenia. We aimed to investigate the functional substrate underlying preserved insight in these patients.

Methods: We recruited patients with paranoid schizophrenia and healthy controls matched for age and sex.