Vein versus tragal perichondrium in stapedotomy.

Objective: To assess, in otosclerosis surgery, whether the vein or the tragal perichondrium in stapedotomy with interposition yields the better long-term hearing outcome.

Study Design: A retrospective chart review of prospectively collected audiometric data of 452 ears.

Setting: Academic tertiary otology-neurotology referral center.

Chronic hypoxia protects against gamma-irradiation-induced apoptosis by inducing bcl-2 up-regulation and inhibiting mitochondrial translocation and conformational change of bax protein.

Malignant tumours contain zones of chronic or acute hypoxia, which influence their prognosis and progression. The goal of our study was to understand the role of hypoxia in radio-resistance in a squamous cell carcinoma cell line of the head and neck (KB-3-1 cells). Cell growth was evaluated by Trypan blue exclusion under chronic hypoxia (3-5% O2) for 4 weeks or under normal conditions (21% O2).