Mucosectomy with handsewn anastomosis reduces the risk of adenoma formation in the anorectal segment after restorative proctocolectomy for familial adenomatous polyposis.

Objective: The study compared the risk of adenoma or carcinoma formation in the anorectal segment after either mucosectomy with manual anastomosis or stapled ileoanal anastomosis (IAA) following restorative proctocolectomy (RPC) for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).

Background: Few data exist on the risk of adenoma formation after either technique in FAP.

Methods: All endoscopy and histology reports for patients having RPC for FAP attending for annual pouchoscopy from 1978 to 2007 were reviewed.

Clonality assessment and clonal ordering of individual neoplastic crypts shows polyclonality of colorectal adenomas.

Background & Aims: According to the somatic mutation theory, monoclonal colorectal lesions arise from sequential mutations in the progeny of a single stem cell. However, studies in a sex chromosome mixoploid mosaic (XO/XY) patient indicated that colorectal adenomas were polyclonal. We assessed adenoma clonality on an individual crypt basis and completed a genetic dependency analysis in carcinomas-in-adenomas to assess mutation order and timing.

RUNX3 inactivation in colorectal polyps arising through different pathways of colonic carcinogenesis.

Objectives: We hypothesized that RUNX3 inactivation by promoter hypermethylation in colorectal polyps is an early molecular event in colorectal carcinogenesis.

Methods: RUNX3 protein expression was analyzed immunohistochemically in 50 sporadic colorectal polyps comprising 19 hyperplastic polyps (HPs), 14 traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs), and 17 sporadic traditional adenomas (sTAs) as well as in 19 familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) samples from 10 patients showing aberrant crypt foci (ACF) (n=91), small adenomas (SmAds) (n=40), and large adenomas (LAds) (n=13). In addition, we assessed the frequency of promoter hypermethylation of RUNX3 by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) in all the 50 sporadic polyps as well as 38 microdissected FAP polyps comprising ACF, SmAds, and LAds obtained from 7 FAP samples.

Homozygous PMS2 deletion causes a severe colorectal cancer and multiple adenoma phenotype without extraintestinal cancer.

Background & Aims: We report a patient of Indian descent with parental consanguinity, who developed 10 carcinomas and 35 adenomatous polyps at age 23 and duodenal adenocarcinoma at age 25. He also had dysmorphic features, mental retardation, and café-au-lait spots but no brain tumor. We aimed to establish his molecular diagnosis.

Diagnostic precision of nanoparticle-enhanced MRI for lymph-node metastases: a meta-analysis.

Background: At present, there is no accepted, ideal imaging modality or technique for diagnosis of lymph-node metastases. We aimed to assess the diagnostic precision of MRI with ferumoxtran-10-an ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticle used as a contrast agent for diagnosis of lymph-node metastases, compared with that of unenhanced MRI and final histological diagnosis.

Methods: We did a meta-analysis of prospective studies that compared MRI, with and without ferumoxtran-10, with histological diagnosis after surgery or biopsy.