Neurobehavioral follow-up of children exposed to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in utero.

Background: Systematic data regarding long-term neurobehavioral effects of maternal antidepressant use during pregnancy are sparse. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of gestational exposure to antidepressants on later neurodevelopmental function.

Methods: This study describes a cohort of mother-child dyads (44 mothers, 54 children) in which maternal depressive symptoms and medication exposures were prospectively collected across pregnancy and the postpartum period.

Subclonal landscape of cancer drives resistance to immune therapy.

Tumor mutation burden (TMB) is often used as a biomarker for immunogenicity and prerequisite for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. However, it is becoming increasingly evident that not all tumors with high TMB respond to ICIs as expected. It has been shown that the ability of T-cells to infiltrate the tumor microenvironment and elicit a specific immune response is dependent not only on the TMB, but also on intra-tumor heterogeneity and the fraction of low-frequency subclonal mutations that make up the tumor.

coli in cancer and therapeutic implications.

Inactivating mutations of the () gene and consequential upregulation of the Wnt signaling pathway are critical initiators in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common cancer in the United States for both men and women. Emerging evidence suggests mutations are also found in gastric, breast and other cancers. The gene, located on chromosome 5q, is responsible for negatively regulating the b-catenin/Wnt pathway by creating a destruction complex with Axin/Axin2, GSK-3b, and CK1.

BRCA1/2 signaling and homologous recombination deficiency in breast and ovarian cancer.

Patients who have mutations of the genes  or  are at an increased risk for developing breast and ovarian cancer. function as tumor suppressor genes, responsible for regulating DNA repair, and play an essential role in homologous recombination. Mutation of results in homologous recombination deficiency and genomic instability which drives oncogenesis and cancer proliferation.

The Course of ADHD during Pregnancy.

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the course of ADHD during pregnancy.

Method: Women ages 18 to 45 were followed prospectively at <20 weeks, 24 weeks, and 36 weeks pregnant. Three groups emerged: women who discontinued, maintained, or adjusted their ADHD medications.

A prenatal supplement with methylfolate for the treatment and prevention of depression in women trying to conceive and during pregnancy.

Background: Women often seek antidepressant alternatives for major depressive disorder (MDD) in anticipation of or during pregnancy. In this preliminary study, EnBrace HR, a prenatal supplement containing methylfolate, was investigated for depressive relapse prevention and for acute treatment of MDD in women planning pregnancy or during pregnancy.

Methods: This 12-week open-label study included women with histories of MDD who were planning pregnancy or pregnant < 28 weeks.

Course of major depressive disorder after pregnancy and the postpartum period.

Background: Maternal major depressive disorder (MDD) has an adverse effect on child development and increases risk for child psychopathology. It is paramount to understand the course of maternal depression during the childhood years particularly before, during, and after pregnancy.

Objective: To follow the course of MDD in women with prior histories of depression followed during an index pregnancy.

Obstetrical and neonatal outcomes after benzodiazepine exposure during pregnancy: Results from a prospective registry of women with psychiatric disorders.

Objective: The goal of this analysis was to examine the effect of benzodiazepine use during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal outcomes in a cohort of women with psychiatric disorders.

Methods: 794 evaluable women from the Massachusetts General Hospital National Pregnancy Registry for Psychiatric Medications were followed across pregnancy (N = 144 exposed to benzodiazepines and N = 650 unexposed). Data obtained through maternal report and medical records included maternal outcomes (cesarean section, preeclampsia) and neonatal outcomes (birth weight, breathing difficulty, feeding difficulty, head circumference, 5-minute Apgar score, muscular and/or extrapyramidal symptoms, NICU admission, prematurity).

Impact of experimentally manipulated sleep on adolescent simulated driving.

Objective/background: Sleep restriction (SR) impairs adolescents' attention, which could contribute to high rates of driving crashes. Here, we examine the impact of experimental SR on adolescent drivers, considering whether that impact is moderated by the nature of the drive (urban/suburban vs. rural) or how vulnerable each adolescent is to attentional decline after SR.

The Impact of Early Bedtimes on Adolescent Caloric Intake Varies by Chronotype.

Purpose: Adolescent sleep restriction is common and can lead to overeating. Here, we test whether lengthening sleep via early bedtimes affects dietary intake differently for adolescents accustomed to a later sleep phase ("night owls") versus an earlier sleep phase ("morning larks").

Methods: Using a randomized cross-over design, 67 adolescents changed bedtimes to create five-night periods of sleep restriction (6.