Publications by authors named "Olivia Mitchel"
Article Synopsis
- - Patients with Loeys-Dietz syndrome are at a higher risk for aortic issues, so the study looks into the outcomes of a preventive aortic arch replacement during a specific heart surgery procedure.
- - Eight patients with confirmed Loeys-Dietz syndrome underwent this preventive surgery, and their outcomes were compared to those of patients with Marfan syndrome and healthy individuals using advanced imaging techniques.
- - The results showed no serious complications or aortic events in the patients after surgery, while analyses of their tissue revealed abnormal changes in smooth muscle cells, indicating potential underlying issues related to their condition.
Background: Smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotypic reprogramming toward a mixed synthetic-proteolytic state is a central feature of aortic root aneurysm in Marfan syndrome (MFS). Previous work identified as a potential mediator of SMC plasticity in MFS.
Methods: MFS () mouse strains with an inducible vascular SMC fluorescent reporter () with or without SMC-specific deletion of exons 2 to 3 () were generated.
Background: The role of increased smooth muscle cell (SMC) integrin αv signaling in Marfan syndrome (MFS) aortic aneurysm remains unclear. Herein, we examine the mechanism and potential efficacy of integrin αv blockade as a therapeutic strategy to reduce aneurysm progression in MFS.
Methods: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were differentiated into aortic SMCs of the second heart field (SHF) and neural crest (NC) lineages, enabling in vitro modeling of MFS thoracic aortic aneurysms.
Article Synopsis
- The study looked at patients who had heart surgery called aortic root replacement and how receiving blood transfusions affected their recovery.
- Out of 760 patients, 442 received blood transfusions during their surgery, and researchers compared their results to similar patients who didn't get transfusions.
- The results showed that those who got blood transfusions had more complications after surgery, like needing longer breathing support and extra hospital time, and they had a lower chance of survival over five years compared to those who didn't get transfusions.
The immune system and placenta have a dynamic relationship across gestation to accommodate fetal growth and development. High-resolution characterization of this maternal-fetal interface is necessary to better understand the immunology of pregnancy and its complications. We developed a single-cell framework to simultaneously immuno-phenotype circulating, endovascular, and tissue-resident cells at the maternal-fetal interface throughout gestation, discriminating maternal and fetal contributions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe fetal placenta is a source of hormones and immune factors that play a vital role in maintaining pregnancy and facilitating fetal growth. Cells in this extraembryonic compartment match the chromosomal sex of the embryo itself. Sex differences have been observed in common gestational pathologies, highlighting the importance of maternal immune tolerance to the fetal compartment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Aortic root smooth muscle cells (SMC) develop from both the second heart field (SHF) and neural crest. Disparate responses to disease-causing variants by these lineages are proposed to promote focal aortic root aneurysm formation in Marfan syndrome (MFS), but lineage-stratified SMC analysis in vivo is lacking.
Methods: We generated SHF lineage-traced MFS mice and performed integrated multiomic (single-cell RNA and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing) analysis stratified by embryological origin.