Common food allergens and cross-reactivity.

The most clinically relevant food allergens are cow's milk, hen's egg, peanut, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, and seeds. Heat-stable food allergens have molecular characteristics that enhance protein stability and gastrointestinal absorption and thus are more likely to cause systemic reactions on ingestion. In contrast, heat-labile food allergens lack these characteristics and do not typically elicit reactions if sufficiently altered by heat or acid.

Ex vivo isolation, expansion and bioengineering of CCR7+CD95-/or CD62L+CD45RA+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes from acute myeloid leukemia patients' bone marrow.

T cell based immunotherapies can be applicable to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Therefore, the selection of optimal T cells, cell manufacturing, and therapeutic T cell engineering are essential for the development of effective adoptive T cell therapies for AML. Autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been in clinical trials to treat solid malignancies.

Autoimmune Cytopenia as an Early and Initial Presenting Manifestation in Activated PI3 Kinase Delta Syndrome: Case Report and Review.

Activated PI3 kinase delta syndrome (APDS) is a combined immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent sinopulmonary infections, increased risk of herpesvirus infections, lymphoproliferation, autoimmunity, and increased risk of lymphoid malignancies. Gain-of-function mutations in PIK3CD and PIK3R1 result in increased phosphoinositide-3-kinase-delta activity which causes hyperactivation of lymphocytes and abnormal development and activation of T and B cells. Cytopenias are the most common autoimmune process occurring in patients with APDS and typically occur as a later manifestation of the disease.

Subcutaneous Immunoglobulin Therapy with IgPro20 in Patients with Stiff Person Syndrome and Primary Immunodeficiency Disease.

Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS), a rare autoimmune neurologic disorder characterized by fluctuating muscle spasms and rigidity, is mediated by autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies. Symptoms of SPS have been shown to improve after administration of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) however, there is a paucity of information regarding use of SCIg in SPS. Four patients with Stiff Person Syndrome were treated with SCIgPro20 for a period between 31 to 101 months.

Expression of Exogenous Cytokine in Patient-derived Xenografts via Injection with a Cytokine-transduced Stromal Cell Line.

Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mice are produced by transplanting human cells into immune deficient mice. These models are an important tool for studying the mechanisms of normal and malignant hematopoiesis and are the gold standard for identifying effective chemotherapies for many malignancies. PDX models are possible because many of the mouse cytokines also act on human cells.

Exploring the needs of certified hand therapists regarding electronic applications.

Study Design: Survey.

Introduction: App technology may provide a beneficial clinical resource for CHTs.

Purpose Of Study: This descriptive study examined beneficial components for inclusion in a potential app for certified hand therapists to use as a clinical resource based on a nationwide survey.

TSLP or IL-7 provide an IL-7Rα signal that is critical for human B lymphopoiesis.

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and IL-7 are cytokines that signal via the IL-7 receptor alpha (IL-7Rα) to exert both overlapping and unique functions during early stages of mouse B-cell development. In human B lymphopoiesis, the requirement for IL-7Rα signaling is controversial and the roles of IL-7 and TSLP are less clear. Here, we evaluated human B-cell production using novel in vitro and xenograft models of human B-cell development that provide selective IL-7 and human TSLP (hTSLP) stimulation.

Fine-tuning patient-derived xenograft models for precision medicine approaches in leukemia.

Many leukemias are characterized by well-known mutations that drive oncogenesis. Mice engineered with these mutations provide a foundation for understanding leukemogenesis and identifying therapies. However, data from whole genome studies provide evidence that malignancies are characterized by multiple genetic alterations that vary between patients, as well as inherited genetic variation that can also contribute to oncogenesis.

Transcriptional Regulation of JARID1B/KDM5B Histone Demethylase by Ikaros, Histone Deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), and Casein Kinase 2 (CK2) in B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Impaired function of the Ikaros (IKZF1) protein is associated with the development of high-risk B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). The mechanisms of Ikaros tumor suppressor activity in leukemia are unknown. Ikaros binds to the upstream regulatory elements of its target genes and regulates their transcription via chromatin remodeling.

A novel xenograft model to study the role of TSLP-induced CRLF2 signals in normal and malignant human B lymphopoiesis.

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) stimulates in-vitro proliferation of human fetal B-cell precursors. However, its in-vivo role during normal human B lymphopoiesis is unknown. Genetic alterations that cause overexpression of its receptor component, cytokine receptor-like factor 2 (CRLF2), lead to high-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia implicating this signaling pathway in leukemogenesis.

Differences in mouse and human nonmemory B cell pools.

Identifying cross-species similarities and differences in immune development and function is critical for maximizing the translational potential of animal models. Coexpression of CD21 and CD24 distinguishes transitional and mature B cell subsets in mice. In this study, we validate these markers for identifying analogous subsets in humans and use them to compare the nonmemory B cell pools in mice and humans, across tissues, and during fetal/neonatal and adult life.

Regulator of myeloid differentiation and function: The secret life of Ikaros.

Ikaros (also known as Lyf-1) was initially described as a lymphoid-specific transcription factor. Although Ikaros has been shown to regulate hematopoietic stem cell renewal, as well as the development and function of cells from multiple hematopoietic lineages, including the myeloid lineage, Ikaros has primarily been studied in context of lymphoid development and malignancy. This review focuses on the role of Ikaros in myeloid cells.