Investigating the mediating role of physical activity within the association between food insecurity and BMI.

Food insecurity is linked with obesity and while the mechanisms behind this association are complex, lower levels of leisure-time physical activity in those with food insecurity may contribute to this. Individual-level factors (such as concerns of performing physical activity) may partly determine levels of physical activity within individuals with food insecurity, as such individuals may seek to minimise their levels of physical activity in order to preserve energy. Using the Food Insecurity Physical Activity Concerns Scale (FIPACS) (used to measure concerns of performing leisure-time physical activity, focusing on factors specific to food insecurity), the current study investigated whether the association between household food insecurity and body mass index (BMI) is explained by a mediation pathway of FIPACS scores and leisure-time physical activity.

How and why psychologists should respond to the harms associated with generative AI.

Innovations in generative AI to create human-like text, images, and videos can cause social, psychological, and political harms. Here, we explain how psychologists can mobilize their extensive theoretical and empirical resources to better anticipate, understand, and mitigate those harms.

Online Signals of Extremist Mobilization.

Psychological theories of mobilization tend to focus on explaining people's motivations for action, rather than mobilization ("activation") processes. To investigate the online behaviors associated with mobilization, we compared the online communications data of 26 people who subsequently mobilized to right-wing extremist action and 48 people who held similar extremist views but did not mobilize ( = 119,473 social media posts). In a three-part analysis, involving content analysis (Part 1), topic modeling (Part 2), and machine learning (Part 3), we showed that communicating ideological or hateful content was not related to mobilization, but rather mobilization was positively related to talking about violent action, operational planning, and logistics.

A rapid literature review of the effect of alcohol marketing on people with, or at increased risk of, an alcohol problem.

Aims: To explore the effect or potential effect of alcohol marketing in people with an alcohol use disorder, in recovery from an alcohol use disorder, and hazardous and harmful drinkers.

Methods: Relevant literature was identified by searching Medline (OVID), EMBASE (OVID), and PsycINFO (OVID) and relevant websites. Both quantitative and qualitative studies were eligible for inclusion.

Diagnostic momentum in physical therapy clinical reasoning.

Rationale And Objectives: Diagnostic momentum refers to ruling in a particular diagnosis without adequate evidence. As the field of physical therapy continues to transition more towards autonomous practitioners with direct access, there is a need to identify the effect of a physician diagnosis on a therapist's examination and treatment. The purpose of this study was to identify if diagnostic momentum exists in physical therapy and whether this phenomenon could affect the ability of the therapist to identify clinical red flags.

Digital traces of offline mobilization.

Since 2009, there has been an increase in global protests and related online activity. Yet, it is unclear how and why online activity is related to the mobilization of offline collective action. One proposition is that online polarization (or a relative change in intensity of posting mobilizing content around a salient grievance) can mobilize people offline.

Insights on Public Health Professionals Non-technical Skills in an Emergency Response (Multi-Team System) Environment.

This paper provides practitioner and academic insights into the importance of examining non-technical skills in a multiteam system emergency response. The case of public health professionals is highlighted, illustrated with unique qualitative field data which focused upon the use of non-technical skills at a meso level of analysis. Results reflected the importance of context upon the multiteam system and highlighted seven non-technical skills used by public health professionals to support an effective response.

The problem with the internet: An affordance-based approach for psychological research on networked technologies.

The internet is often viewed as the source of a myriad of benefits and harms. However, there are problems with using this notion of "the internet" and other high-level concepts to explain the influence of communicating via everyday networked technologies on people and society. Here, we argue that research on social influence in computer-mediated communication (CMC) requires increased precision around how and why specific features of networked technologies interact with and impact psychological processes and outcomes.

Long-term follow-up and future direction on the management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic leukemia.

Objective: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma remain the most prevalent adult leukemia in Western countries. Novel therapeutics have established long-term efficacy and have changed the landscape in patient management. In contrast, novel approaches pose opportunities for patients to be treated for finite durations.

The influence of the significant other on treatment adherence in chronic pain management: a qualitative analysis.

. Adherence to treatment recommendations is critical for optimising quality of life for individuals with chronic pain, however adherence rates are low. This study explores the role that significant others are perceived to play in supporting or impeding treatment adherence, as well as examining patient views of the impact of their adherence regimes on their significant others.

Building bridges between a community and an academic medical center via community tours.

Academic medical centers (AMCs) face challenges in conducting research among traditionally marginalized communities due to long-standing community mistrust. Evidence suggests that some AMC faculty and staff lack an understanding of the history of distrust and social determinants of health (SDH) affecting their communities. Wake Forest Clinical and Translational Science Institute Program in Community Engagement (PCE) aims to build bridges between communities and Wake Forest Baptist Health by equipping faculty, clinicians, administrators, and staff (FCAS) with a better understanding of SDH.

Incidence of tendon ruptures after locking plate fixation of distal radial fractures: are the cited rates still accurate?

With the introduction of the anterior locking plate in the early part of this century, there was a large change in how distal radial fractures were treated. Early articles about the techniques reported tendon ruptures occurring in as many as 10%, although studies from our unit reported rates closer to 2%. Subsequent refinements in surgical technique and improvements in plate design have been made with the aim of reducing the number of ruptures.

Me, my selfie, and I: The relationship between editing and posting selfies and body dissatisfaction in men and women.

Factors that promote versus protect against body dissatisfaction remain unclear. Social media may be a risk factor, particularly given ubiquitous engagement among young people, and the pervasive use of "selfies." Conversely, self-compassion has received attention as a protective factor against body dissatisfaction.

Testis-specific ATP synthase peripheral stalk subunits required for tissue-specific mitochondrial morphogenesis in Drosophila.

Background: In Drosophila early post-meiotic spermatids, mitochondria undergo dramatic shaping into the Nebenkern, a spherical body with complex internal structure that contains two interwrapped giant mitochondrial derivatives. The purpose of this study was to elucidate genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying the shaping of this structure.

Results: The knotted onions (knon) gene encodes an unconventionally large testis-specific paralog of ATP synthase subunit d and is required for internal structure of the Nebenkern as well as its subsequent disassembly and elongation.

Pilot phase II study of metronomic chemotherapy in combination with bevacizumab in patients with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: The goal of this study was to explore the efficacy and tolerability of metronomic chemotherapy, a novel anti-angiogenic treatment strategy, in combination with bevacizumab in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Subjects with newly diagnosed stage IV NSCLC were treated with 4-week cycles of paclitaxel 80mg/m and gemcitabine 300mg/m weekly for three weeks, plus bevacizumab 10mg/kg every two weeks. Radiologic assessments were performed every 8 weeks.

"My pet has passed": Relations of adult attachment styles and current feelings of grief and trauma after the event.

This study examined attachment relationships and emotional distress after the passing of a pet. Participants were 73 university students 17-26 years of age who had lost a family pet within the past 5 years. They completed measures of attachment styles toward people and their pet, as well as complicated grief, depression, and trauma.

Dental sealants and composite restorations and longitudinal changes in immune function markers in children.

Objective: Resins used in dental composites, derived from bisphenol-A (BPA), have been shown to alter immune cells. The objective of this study was to explore children's immune function changes in relation to resin composite treatment.

Design: We conducted secondary data analysis of the New England Children's Amalgam Trial immune function substudy (N = 59).

Danio rerio in K-12 classrooms: sparking interest in the new generation of scientists.

Zebrafish are ideal for experimental studies in the classroom because, in contrast to chicks or mammals, fish embryos are relatively easy and inexpensive to maintain, and embryonic development can be observed with common classroom equipment. The eight student-developed laboratory exercises described here have been used by students in Neuroscience Research at Sidwell Friends School. This course uses zebrafish as a vertebrate model to study genetics, development, behavior, neurobiology, regeneration, learning, and memory.

Understanding postoperative hyponatremia.

Postoperative hyponatremia is a well-documented postoperative concern for certain surgical procedures, including transurethral resection of the prostate. The complications are serious, with profound effects on patient outcome. Proper management includes understanding high-risk procedures, pathophysiology, clinical symptoms, and treatment options.