Publications by authors named "Olivia Boyer"

Background: Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (aHUS) is categorized as a thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), which arises due to abnormal or unregulated complement pathway activation. While the disease frequently affects renal blood vessels, it can also involve multiple other organ systems. This review examines the prevalence and clinical outcomes of aHUS patients with extrarenal involvement.

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Background: The heterogeneous clinical presentation of graft microvascular inflammation poses a major challenge to successful kidney transplantation. The effect of microvascular inflammation on allograft outcomes is unclear.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study that included kidney-transplant recipients from more than 30 transplantation centers in Europe and North America who had undergone allograft biopsy between 2004 and 2023.

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Introduction: Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is known for its variable clinical course, even within families. However, the extent of this heterogeneity has not been well-studied. We aimed to analyze intrafamilial clinical heterogeneity and disease course among siblings in a large cohort of familial PH1 cases.

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  • The study investigated the effectiveness and safety of rituximab for treating childhood steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) across 28 pediatric nephrology centers globally.
  • Researchers found that children with a longer history of calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) treatment before rituximab had lower remission rates compared to those with shorter treatment periods.
  • Overall, rituximab showed enhanced remission rates in a portion of SRNS patients, was mostly safe, and achieving complete remission was linked to better kidney survival outcomes.
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  • The lack of standardized definitions for clinical trial endpoints in pediatric kidney diseases makes it difficult to assess the effectiveness of treatments, particularly for steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS).
  • SRNS is challenging to manage, often leading to kidney failure despite current therapies having low cure rates.
  • An international group has developed standardized definitions for trial outcomes in SRNS, focusing on measurements like urine protein/creatinine ratios and estimated glomerular filtration rates to better evaluate treatment effectiveness.
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  • IgA nephropathy and IgA vasculitis with nephritis are kidney conditions that can occur in kids, but they're pretty rare.
  • Unlike adults, children often show more severe symptoms quickly, like blood in their urine, and their kidneys look more inflamed when doctors check.
  • There's not a lot of good information on how to treat these conditions because they're different in kids, and experts from around the world are trying to figure out better ways to help affected children.
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  • - Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) is a condition where the kidneys can't properly excrete acids, leading to metabolic acidosis, low potassium levels, and high calcium in urine, often due to genetic defects in specific genes or acquired causes like autoimmune disorders or drugs.
  • - The complications of dRTA include kidney stones, damage to the kidneys, weakened bones, and stunted growth, making treatment essential for overall health.
  • - Recent developments include ADV7103, an investigational drug approved by the European Medicine Agency, which offers a new way to manage dRTA by helping to correct acid-base imbalances and improve adherence compared to traditional treatments.
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Background: Intravenous steroid pulses (SP) are successfully used for the treatment of patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) resistant to oral prednisone.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients in the three pediatric nephrology centers of the Paris region from 2002 to 2022 who were resistant to a 30-day course of oral prednisone and who received SP for their first INS flare and analyzed their disease course over 4 years.

Results: Forty-seven patients (17 girls), median age 3.

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  • * A retrospective study analyzed 42 pediatric patients treated with either IgIA + ECZ or ECZ alone, alongside a historical cohort receiving supportive care, with focus on survival and neurological outcomes after one year.
  • * Results showed no significant survival difference between treatment groups; however, combining IgIA and ECZ did not demonstrate overall benefits for neurological outcomes, suggesting that this combination may only
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  • - Minimal change disease (MCD) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis are common in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, with MCD being highly responsive to steroids and generally not requiring a kidney biopsy at diagnosis.
  • - Kidney biopsies should be reserved for atypical symptoms, steroid resistance, or to investigate possible systemic diseases, as they are invasive and can cause complications.
  • - New non-invasive biomarkers are being developed to reduce the need for biopsies, and starting steroid treatment in teenagers with typical nephrotic syndrome is a sensible approach.
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WT1 encodes a podocyte transcription factor whose variants can cause an untreatable glomerular disease in early childhood. Although WT1 regulates many podocyte genes, it is poorly understood which of them are initiators in disease and how they subsequently influence other cell-types in the glomerulus. We hypothesised that this could be resolved using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and ligand-receptor analysis to profile glomerular cell-cell communication during the early stages of disease in mice harbouring an orthologous human mutation in WT1 (Wt1).

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  • The study investigates the link between social deprivation and the incidence of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) among children and young adults in France, showing a correlation between higher social deprivation and increased KRT rates.
  • Analyzed data from 2010 to 2015, including 672 children who started KRT, revealing that 38.8% were from the most deprived areas, with higher incidence rates as deprivation increased.
  • Results indicate that social health inequalities emerge even at the initiation of KRT, emphasizing the importance of addressing these inequalities in chronic kidney disease management.
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  • Transient Bartter syndrome caused by MAGED2 variants is the newest type of antenatal Bartter syndrome and presents as the most severe form during the perinatal period; this study examines 14 new cases and the incomplete penetrance specifically in women.
  • The research involved 54 symptomatic patients, revealing a mix of outcomes: 27% resolved symptoms, 41% had ongoing complications, and 32% faced fatality, with common clinical anomalies including renal and cardiovascular issues.
  • The findings enhance the understanding of MAGED2’s phenotype and genetics, while also highlighting varying patient outcomes, which informs genetic counseling for affected families.
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  • This study looked at kids who had a kidney abscess to see how often they had a problem called vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).
  • They found that about 41% of the kids had VUR, which is similar to kids who have kidney infections.
  • The study suggests that doctors should think about using a special test called VCUG when kids have kidney abscesses or infections multiple times, especially if there are signs of kidney damage.
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Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) is a very severe manifestation of lupus. There is no consensus on which treatment goals should be achieved to protect kidney function in children with LN.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed trends of commonly used laboratory biomarkers of 428 patients (≤ 18 years old) with biopsy-proven LN class ≥ III.

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Introduction: Unlike idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS), hereditary podocytopathies are not expected to recur after kidney transplantation. However, some reports of posttransplant recurrence of NS in patients carrying variants in the gene have been described, notably with the p.Arg138Gln variant, which is more prevalent in Europe.

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Key Points: We evidenced terminal pathway activation (C5b-9 deposits) in most of the glomeruli on kidney biopsy of C3 glomerulopathy. The amount of C5b-9 deposits correlated with disease prognosis in C3 glomerulopathy. Increased terminal pathway activation was found predominantly in a subgroup exhibiting an immuno-fibroblastic signature.

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In the current issue of Kidney International, Sinha et al. present data from an open-label, noninferior, randomized controlled trial comparing 12-months of alternate-day prednisolone, given daily during infection, versus levamisole, in children with frequently relapsing or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome. This study suggests that both of these strategies are efficacious and safe.

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Background: Rare diseases affect approximately 400 million people worldwide. Many of them suffer from delayed diagnosis. Among them, NPHP1-related renal ciliopathies need to be diagnosed as early as possible as potential treatments have been recently investigated with promising results.

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