Equity-Focused Interventions Improve Interpreter Use in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.

Background: Federal guidelines and equitable care mandate that patients who use a language other than English receive interpretation in their preferred language. Substantial variability exists in interpreter use in intensive care settings. We aimed to increase the rate of interpretations in our pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) through a series of targeted interventions.

Real-Time Data Collection Utilizing Mobile Technology in Clinical Research: A Secondary Analysis of a Prospective Cohort.

Introduction: Clinical research faces the challenge of declining physician participation in the pursuit of advancing evidence-based medicine. This secondary analysis focuses on the interactive mobile health (mHealth) application's utility as a real-time data collection tool in clinical settings, specifically targeting cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) management. The study assesses the mHealth application's potential to alleviate data collection inefficiencies and improve physician engagement in clinical research.

Managing cow's milk protein allergy during the 2022 formula shortage: decision-making among pediatric healthcare providers.

Introduction: Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) affects 2%-7% of infants and is managed with hypoallergenic formulas. The 2022 recalls of infant formulas due to factors including contamination led to specialty formula shortages, highlighting CMPA management challenges. Understanding healthcare providers' (HCPs) decision-making in transitioning to alternative formulas during shortages is crucial.

Impact of the 2022 national formula shortage on clinical decision-making of healthcare providers in switching amino acid formulas for infants with cow's milk protein allergy: a survey-based study.

Background: In 2022, the United States experienced a national shortage of infant formula due to a global supply chain crisis and a large-scale domestic formula recall. The existing literature on healthcare providers' (HCPs) clinical decision-making during formula shortages is limited. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing pediatric HCP clinical decision-making when switching between amino acid formulas (AAF) for managing cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) in infants under 24 months of age during an unprecedented national formula shortage.

Corrigendum: Navigating formula shortages: associations of parental perspectives on transitioning to alternative infant formulas for cow's milk protein allergy during the 2022 national formula shortage.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.

Extensively Hydrolyzed Formula and Infant Colic Symptoms: Secondary Analysis of a Prospective Cohort Study.

Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) affects 2% to 3% of infants and is managed with hypoallergenic formulas. The 2022 recalls of infant formulas due to factors including contamination led to specialty formula shortages, highlighting CMPA management challenges. Understanding health care providers' (HCPs) decision-making in transitioning to alternative formulas during shortages is crucial.

Navigating formula shortages: associations of parental perspectives on transitioning to alternative infant formulas for cow's milk protein allergy during the 2022 national formula shortage.

The COVID-19 pandemic led to supply chain disruptions causing a severe shortage of infant formula. The shortage impacted parents of infants with cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) who rely on specialized formulas. However, research on parent perspectives during formula shortages is limited.

Clinician Experience with Using Hypoallergenic Formulas to Treat Infants with Suspected Cow's Milk Protein Allergy: A Secondary Analysis of a Prospective Survey Cohort.

Purpose: Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a common condition in infants, but little is known about healthcare providers' clinical experience treating infants with CMPA. To address this gap, we analyzed prospectively collected data from healthcare providers (HCPs) who treated infants under six months old with suspected CMPA using hypoallergenic formulas. The study focused on a commercial extensively hydrolyzed formula containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (ATCC53103) (eHF-LGG) or a commercial amino acid formula (AAF).

Predicting Executive Functioning from Brain Networks: Modality Specificity and Age Effects.

Healthy aging is associated with structural and functional network changes in the brain, which have been linked to deterioration in executive functioning (EF), while their neural implementation at the individual level remains unclear. As the biomarker potential of individual resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) patterns has been questioned, we investigated to what degree individual EF abilities can be predicted from gray-matter volume (GMV), regional homogeneity, fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), and RSFC within EF-related, perceptuo-motor, and whole-brain networks in young and old adults. We examined whether differences in out-of-sample prediction accuracy were modality-specific and depended on age or task-demand levels.

Short-term symptom improvement in infants with suspected cow's milk protein allergy using amino acid formula: a prospective cohort analysis.

Background: Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) occurs commonly in infants. While the long-term efficacy of amino acid formulas for managing CMPA is well-established, there is limited data on the short-term symptom improvement of using amino acid formula (AAF).

Objective: This study aimed to determine the short-term effects of managing suspected CMPA in infants aged 6 months and under using a commercial AAF.

Extensively Hydrolyzed Formula Improves Allergic Symptoms in the Short Term in Infants with Suspected Cow's Milk Protein Allergy.

Although extensively hydrolyzed formula is widely accepted for managing cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) long-term, there is a lack of evidence on its short-term efficacy. This study's objective was to investigate the short-term symptom changes (within 3-6 weeks) of infants diagnosed with CMPA and managed with extensively hydrolyzed formula containing Lactobacillus at their subsequent physician visit. Healthcare providers treating 202 patients diagnosed with CMPA under six months old completed de-identified surveys, which were then analyzed in this prospective study.

"Jingle All the Way!": Sharp Foreign Bodies Embedded Within the Esophageal Mucosa During the Holiday Season.

Sharp pointed objects in the esophagus are extremely hazardous and can lead to complications such as mucosal ulcerations, perforations, obstruction, abscess, and fistula formation. Patients exhibit symptomatology based on the location within the proximal or distal esophagus. Ingestion of a sharp foreign object warrants emergent endoscopic removal, particularly when lodged in the esophagus.

Sympathetic innervation regulates macrophage activity in rats with polycystic ovary.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a low-grade inflammatory disease characterized by hyperandrogenism and ovarian hyperinnervation. The aim of this work is to investigate whether bilateral superior ovarian nerve (SON) section in adult rats with estradiol valerate-induced PCOS (PCO rats) affects macrophage spleen cells (MФ) and modifies the steroidogenic ability of their secretions. Culture media of MФ from PCO rats and PCO rats with SON section (PCO-SON rats) were used to stimulate intact ovaries.

Role of macrophage secretions on rat polycystic ovary: its effect on apoptosis.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. Little is known about its etiology, although the evidence suggests an intrinsic ovarian abnormality in which endocrine, metabolic, neural and immune factors would be involved. In this work, the effects of macrophage (MO) secretion on ovarian apoptosis in a polycystic ovary syndrome rat model (PCO rat) induced by estradiol valerate are studied.

Hypothyroidism and oxidative stress: differential effect on the heart of virgin and pregnant rats.

The present study investigates the effects of hypothyroidism on both the redox state and the thyroid hormone receptors expression in the heart ventricle of virgin and pregnant rats.Hypothyroid state was induced by 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil in drinking water given to Wistar rats starting 8 days before mating until day 21 of pregnancy or for 30 days in virgin rats. Serum paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity, serum and heart nitrites, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were analyzed.

Protective effect of soybeans as protein source in the diet against cadmium-aorta redox and morphological alteration.

We investigated the effects of cadmium exposition on thoracic aorta redox status and morphology, and the putative protective effect of soybeans in the diet. Male Wistar rats were separated into 6 groups: 3 fed with a diet containing casein and 3 containing soybeans, as protein source. Within each protein group, one was given tap water (control) and the other two tap water containing 15 and 100 ppm of Cd(2+), respectively, for two months.

Caveolin-1-eNOS/Hsp70 interactions mediate rosuvastatin antifibrotic effects in neonatal obstructive nephropathy.

Evidence suggesting that statins may contribute to renoprotection has been provided in experimental and clinical studies. Statins restore endothelial nitric oxide (NO) levels by mechanisms including up-regulation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression. Caveolin-1/eNOS interaction is essential preventing inadequate NO levels.

Macrophage secretions modulate the steroidogenesis of polycystic ovary in rats: effect of testosterone on macrophage pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Aims: The macrophage secretions' effect on ovarian steroidogenesis is investigated in a polycystic ovary syndrome rat model (PCO rat). The influence of testosterone environment on the expression of macrophage pro-inflammatory cytokines that participate in ovarian steroidogenesis is studied.

Main Methods: PCO rats were induced by estradiol valerate.

Nutritional deficiencies and phospholipid metabolism.

Phospholipids are important components of the cell membranes of all living species. They contribute to the physicochemical properties of the membrane and thus influence the conformation and function of membrane-bound proteins, such as receptors, ion channels, and transporters and also influence cell function by serving as precursors for prostaglandins and other signaling molecules and modulating gene expression through the transcription activation. The components of the diet are determinant for cell functionality.

Implication of vitamin A deficiency on vascular injury related to inflammation and oxidative stress. Effects on the ultrastructure of rat aorta.

Background: Vitamin A deficiency induces activation of NF-kB and impairs activities of antioxidant enzymes in aorta.

Aim Of The Study: We study the effect of vitamin A deficiency on the aorta histoarchitecture and the possibly contribution of its prooxidant and inflammatory effects to artery alterations.

Methods: Twenty-one-day-old Wistar male rats were fed during 3 months with vitamin A-deficient diet (-A, n = 8) or the same diet containing 8 mg of retinol palmitate/kg of diet (+A, control, n = 8).

Norepinephrine modulates the effect of neuropeptides in coeliac ganglion on ovarian hormones release: its relationship with ovarian nitric oxide and nerve growth factor.

Objective: Ovarian steroids are modulated by neural influences. In this work we investigate whether norepinephrine (NE) modifies the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) or neuropeptide Y (NPY) actions in coeliac ganglion (CG) on the ovarian hormone release, and evaluate the participation of nitric oxide (NO), measured as nitrite, and of inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) protein, nerve growth factor (NGF) and its trkA receptor gene expression in the ovarian response.

Methods: The study was performed in the ex vivo CG-superior ovarian nerve (SON)-ovary system of rats on diestrus day 2 (D2).

Cadmium exposure modifies lactotrophs activity associated to genomic and morphological changes in rat pituitary anterior lobe.

Cadmium (Cd) is widely used in industrial applications and is an important contaminant of agricultural products. As an endocrine disruptor, Cd modifies the hormone release of pituitary anterior lobe (PAL). This work was undertaken to evaluate a possible association between phospholipase D (PLD) and prolactin mRNA expressions and the activity of lactotrophs and folliculostellate cells (FSC) in PAL of Cd exposed adult male Wistar rats (Cd, 0.

Effect of nutritional vitamin A deficiency on lipid metabolism in the rat heart: Its relation to PPAR gene expression.

Objective: We studied the effect of dietary vitamin A deprivation on lipid composition and mRNA expression of regulatory enzymes involved in rat heart energetic lipid metabolism and its relation to the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and retinoid X receptor (RXR) genes.

Methods: Male Wistar 21-d-old rats were fed for 3 mo with a vitamin A-free diet (vitamin A-deficient group) and the same diet plus 8 mg of retinol palmitate per kilogram of diet (control group). One group of deficient animals received the control diet 15 d before sacrifice (vitamin A-refed group).