"We are mothers, sisters, and lovers too": Examining young Black women's experiences navigating sex and sexual health.

In Canada, there is a lack of research that addresses the sexual health and well-being of African, Caribbean, and Black young women. This paper aims to gather perspectives of young Black women to address the social contexts of how young Black women navigate issues related to sex and sexual health. Young Black women experience unique dynamics in navigating their sexualities and sexual healthcare.

The economic consequences of obstetric fistula: A systematic search and narrative review.

Background: Obstetric fistula develops from obstructed labor and is a devastating condition with significant consequences across several domains of a woman's life. This study presents a narrative review of the evidence on the economic consequences of obstetric fistula.

Methods: Three databases were searched, and search results were limited to English language papers published after 2003.

The burden of long bone fracture and health system response in Malawi: A scoping review.

Objectives: Fractures pose serious health and socioeconomic consequences for individuals, their families, and societies more broadly. In many low-resource settings, case fatality and long-term sequelae after a fracture remain high due to individual- and system-level barriers affecting timely access to care. This scoping review explored the burden of fractures in Malawi using long bone fracture (LBF) as a case study by examining the epidemiology of these injuries, their consequences, and the accessibility of quality healthcare.

Exploring the role of ex vivo metabolism on blood and plasma measurements of oxytocin among women in the third stage of labour: A post hoc study.

Aims: To examine the role of ex vivo oxytocin metabolism in post-dose peptide measurements.

Methods: The stability of oxytocin (Study 1) and oxytocinase activity (Study 2) in late-stage pregnancy blood was quantified using liquid-chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and a fluorogenic assay, respectively. Analyses were conducted using blood from pregnant women (>36 weeks gestation) evaluated in lithium heparin (LH), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and BD P100 blood collection tubes with or without protease inhibitors.

Preventive Measures among Healthcare Workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), placed health systems worldwide under immense pressure, and healthcare workers (HCWs) were at the front lines. The Puerto Rico Department of Health confirmed the first case of COVID-19 in March 2020. We aimed to assess whether COVID-19 preventive measures implemented by HCWs were effective in a work scenario before vaccine availability.

Pain Recognition in Rodents.

Available methods for recognizing and assessing pain in rodents have increased over the last 10 years, including the development of validated pain assessment scales. Much of this work has been driven by the needs of biomedical research, and there are specific challenges to applying these scales in the clinical environment. This article provides an introduction to pain assessment scale validation, reviews current methods of pain assessment, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses, and makes recommendations for assessing pain in a clinical environment.

Geometric and Scaling Effects in the Speed of Catalytic Enzyme Micropumps.

Self-powered, biocompatible pumps in the nanometer to micron length scale have the potential to enable technology in several fields, including chemical analysis and medical diagnostics. Chemically powered, catalytic micropumps have been developed but are not able to function well in biocompatible environments due to their intolerance of salt solutions and the use of toxic fuels. In contrast, enzymatically powered catalytic pumps offer good biocompatibility, selectivity, and scalability, but their performance at length scales below a few millimeters, which is important to many of their possible applications, has not been well tested.

Cost-effectiveness of inhaled oxytocin for prevention of postpartum haemorrhage: a modelling study applied to two high burden settings.

Background: Access to oxytocin for prevention of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) in resource-poor settings is limited by the requirement for a consistent cold chain and for a skilled attendant to administer the injection. To overcome these barriers, heat-stable, non-injectable formulations of oxytocin are under development, including oxytocin for inhalation. This study modelled the cost-effectiveness of an inhaled oxytocin product (IHO) in Bangladesh and Ethiopia.

Time-resolved formation of excited atomic and molecular states in XUV-induced nanoplasmas in ammonia clusters.

High intensity XUV radiation from a free-electron laser (FEL) was used to create a nanoplasma inside ammonia clusters with the intent of studying the resulting electron-ion interactions and their interplay with plasma evolution. In a plasma-like state, electrons with kinetic energy lower than the local collective Coulomb potential of the positive ionic core are trapped in the cluster and take part in secondary processes (e.g.

The Casualties Left Behind in Tobacco's Cinders of Combustion.

Purpose: This paper 1) defines the scope of tobacco-related health disparities; 2) reviews population-based approaches aimed to eliminate disparities- Medicaid, the U.S. Preventive Health Service Task Force, and the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act; and 3) discusses their potential role in reducing tobacco use and lung cancer disparities.

Effects of water management and cultivar on carbon dynamics, plant productivity and biomass allocation in European rice systems.

Water saving techniques, such as alternate wetting and drying (AWD), are becoming a necessity in modern rice farming because of climate change mitigation and growing water use scarcity. Reducing water can vastly reduce methane (CH) emissions; however, this net climate benefit may be offset by enhanced carbon dioxide (CO) emissions from soil. The main aims of this study were: to determine the effects of AWD on yield and ecosystem C dynamics, and to establish the underlying mechanistic basis for observed trends in net ecosystem C gain or loss in an Italian rice paddy.

Qualitative formative implementation research to inform introduction of a new essential medicine.

Background: The launch of novel pharmaceuticals in the developing world faces significant barriers that can delay or ultimately inhibit uptake. Implementation research can provide an understanding of factors influencing the introduction and scale up of a new product and thus can inform implementation strategy development.

Objective: This study explored the factors likely to influence introduction of a novel oxytocin formulation for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in Ethiopia.

Real-Time Dynamics of the Formation of Hydrated Electrons upon Irradiation of Water Clusters with Extreme Ultraviolet Light.

Free electrons in a polar liquid can form a bound state via interaction with the molecular environment. This so-called hydrated electron state in water is of fundamental importance, e.g.

The Impact of Indigenous Youth Sharing Digital Stories About HIV Activism.

Introduction: This article reports on the micro-, meso-, and macro-level impacts of sharing digital stories created by Indigenous youth leaders about HIV prevention activism in Canada.

Method: Eighteen participants created digital stories and hosted screenings in their own communities to foster dialogue. Data for this article are drawn from individual semistructured interviews with the youth leaders, audio-recordings of audience reflections, and research team member's field notes collected between 2012 and 2015 across Canada.

Assessing the operational feasibility and acceptability of an inhalable formulation of oxytocin for improving community-based prevention of postpartum haemorrhage in Myanmar: a qualitative inquiry.

Objective: This study assessed the potential operational feasibility and acceptability of a heat-stable, inhaled oxytocin (IOT) product for community-based prevention of postpartum haemorrhage in Myanmar.

Methods: A qualitative inquiry was conducted between June 2015 and February 2016 through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. Research was conducted in South Dagon township (urban setting) and in Ngape and Thanlyin townships (rural settings) in Myanmar.

Knowledge, perception and practice towards oxytocin stability and quality: A qualitative study of stakeholders in three resource-limited countries.

Background: Oxytocin is the gold standard drug for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage, but limitations in cold chain systems in resource-constrained settings can severely compromise the quality of oxytocin product available in these environments. This study investigated the perspectives and practices of stakeholders in low and lower-middle income countries towards oxytocin, its storage requirements and associated barriers, and the quality of product available.

Methods: Qualitative inquiries were undertaken in Ethiopia, India and Myanmar, where data was collected through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs).

Outcomes of cinacalcet withdrawal in Australian dialysis patients.

Background: Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in chronic kidney disease is associated with cardiovascular and bone pathology. Measures to achieve parathyroid hormone (PTH) target values and control biochemical abnormalities associated with SHPT require complex therapies, and severe SHPT often requires parathyroidectomy or the calcimimetic cinacalcet. In Australia, cinacalcet was publicly funded for dialysis patients from 2009 to 2015 when funding was withdrawn following publication of the EVOLVE study, which resulted in most patients on cinacalcet ceasing therapy.

Using Cageside Measures to Evaluate Analgesic Efficacy in Mice () after Surgery.

Recent studies have revealed some of the most frequently used analgesics in mice are not effectively treating postoperative pain. Our laboratory sought to compare and assess the validity and reliability of 2 cageside pain assessments that we recently developed for use in mice-nesting consolidation and grooming transfer tests. We then applied these tests to compare the efficacy of commonly used analgesics-buprenorphine (0.