What should we do about Coronary Calcification on Thoracic CT?

Purpose: Coronary artery calcification is a frequent incidental finding on thoracic computed tomography (CT) performed for non-cardiac indications. On electrocardiogram-gated cardiac CT, it is an established marker of coronary artery disease and is associated with increased risk of subsequent cardiac events.

Materials And Methods: This review discusses the current evidence and guidelines regarding the reporting of coronary artery calcification on non-electrocardiogram-gated thoracic CT performed for non-cardiac indications.

Uterine Artery Embolisation for Women with Giant Versus Non-giant Uterine Fibroids: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Evidence supporting uterine artery embolisation (UAE) for giant fibroids (≥ 10 cm and/or uterine volume ≥ 700 CC) remains sparse. We performed a systemic review and meta-analysis of UAE outcomes for symptomatic giant versus non-giant fibroids.

Methods: The literature was systematically reviewed.

Robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty laparoscopic pyeloplasty for pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction in the paediatric population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Owing to the improved vision and instrument manipulation in robot-assisted procedures, we sought to evaluate the comparative outcomes of robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP) and laparoscopic pyeloplasty (LP) in a paediatric patients with pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO).

Methods: We conducted a systemic literature search of online sources, including PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and respective bibliographic reference lists. Success rate, operative time, hospital length of stay, postoperative complication rate and re-intervention rate were our primary outcomes.

IL-10 regulation of macrophage VEGF production is dependent on macrophage polarisation and hypoxia.

Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) is critical for vascular remodelling during tissue repair subsequent to inflammation or injury, but under pathological conditions, VEGF induces tissue damaging angiogenesis. Macrophages generate VEGF that supports angiogenesis, when they adapt to their environment and respond with a co-ordinated set of signals to promote or resolve inflammation. Depending on the stimulus, the phenotype of macrophage activation is broadly classified into M1 (NOS2(+)) and M2 (arginase-1(+)).