Where Should Psychopathic Traits Be Placed in a Diagnostic Framework? Evidence for a Grandiose-Manipulative Specifier for ODD.

Youth exhibiting psychopathic traits are at increased risk for a more severe, persisting, and treatment-resistant course of antisocial behavior. To reflect this diagnostically, the specifier with limited prosocial emotions (LPE) was added to the criteria for conduct disorder (CD). Yet, psychopathic traits often show an earlier onset than CD symptoms and LPE may exclude important dimensions of psychopathy.

The Irritable and Oppositional Dimensions of Oppositional Defiant Disorder: Integral Factors in the Explanation of Affective and Behavioral Psychopathology.

Oppositional defiant disorder includes distinct but inseparable dimensions of chronic irritability and oppositional behavior. The dimensions have been identified in early childhood to adulthood, and show discriminant associations with internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. The introduction of disruptive mood dysregulation disorders and the requirements that it take precedence over oppositional defiant disorder diagnostically are not supported by evidence and introduce confusion about the structure and linkages of irritability and oppositional behavior, and obscure the importance of the behavioral dimension in explaining and predicting poor outcomes.

Feasibility and acceptability of a brief cognitive-behavioral group intervention for chronic irritability in youth.

Chronic irritability is a core feature of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), but few irritability-specific interventions have been tested. Existing evidence-based treatments for disruptive behavior problems offer a strong template. This pilot study was conducted to develop and evaluate a brief irritability-specific module of a validated cognitive-behavioral group intervention for children (Stop Now And Plan (SNAP) Program).

The Bifactor S-1 Model: a Psychometrically Sounder Alternative to Test the Structure of ADHD and ODD?

Questions persist about whether attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder are in fact distinct from one another. When such questions arise, ODD is often suggested to be subsumed under one or the other condition. Modeling approaches that can evaluate whether specific subfactors can be distinguished from general psychopathology are of great interest, and the general bifactor model has been increasingly applied in studies evaluating the structure of psychopathology.

Parental Problem Recognition and Help-Seeking for Disruptive Behavior Disorders.

Millions of children across the USA have unmet mental health needs. When these include the disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs)-oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder (CD), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-this can mean significant long-term consequences. Since children rarely seek treatment themselves, parents are central to the help-seeking process.

CBT-Enhanced Emotion Regulation as a Mechanism of Improvement for Childhood Irritability.

Research supports the clinical importance of childhood irritability, as well as its developmental implications for later anxiety and depression. Appropriate treatment may prevent this progression; however, little evidence exists to guide clinician decision making regarding treatment for chronic irritability symptoms. Given the empirical support for irritability as a dimension of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), behavioral interventions that improve ODD symptoms, especially through emotion regulation training, are strong candidates for identifying effective treatment strategies for irritability.