A Photodynamic and Photochemotherapeutic Platinum-Iridium Charge-Transfer Conjugate for Anticancer Therapy.

The novel hetero-dinuclear complex trans,trans,trans-[Pt(py)(N)(OH)(μ-OOCCHCHCONHCH-bpyMe)Ir(ppy)]Cl (Pt-Ir), exhibits charge transfer between the acceptor photochemotherapeutic Pt(IV) (Pt-OH) and donor photodynamic Ir(III) (Ir-NH) fragments. It is stable in the dark, but undergoes photodecomposition more rapidly than the Pt(IV) parent complex (Pt-OH) to generate Pt(II) species, an azidyl radical and O. The Ir(III)* excited state, formed after irradiation, can oxidise NADH to NAD⋅ radicals and NAD.

Radiometal-Labeled Photoactivatable Pt(IV) Anticancer Complex for Theranostic Phototherapy.

A novel photoactivatable Pt(IV) diazido anticancer agent, , bearing a pendant deferoxamine (DFO) siderophore for radiometal chelation, has been synthesized for the study of its behavior with radionuclide imaging. complexation of Fe(III) and Ga(III) ions yielded new heterobimetallic complexes that maintain the photoactivation properties and photocytotoxicity of the parent Pt complex in human cancer cell lines. Radiolabeled ( = 68 min, positron emitter) was readily prepared under mild conditions and was stable in the dark upon incubation with human serum.

Photocatalytic glucose-appended bio-compatible Ir(III) anticancer complexes.

Rationally-designed glucose-appended Ir(III) photo-catalysts ([Ir(,)(,-Glc)], Ir1-Ir3) show visible light-induced catalytic NAD(P)H oxidation in aqueous solution. The highly biocompatible complex, Ir3, shows lysosome and mitochondria targeting necro-apoptotic photo-cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines and multicellular spheroids, while remaining non-toxic in the dark.

Metallodrugs are unique: opportunities and challenges of discovery and development.

Metals play vital roles in nutrients and medicines and provide chemical functionalities that are not accessible to purely organic compounds. At least 10 metals are essential for human life and about 46 other non-essential metals (including radionuclides) are also used in drug therapies and diagnostic agents. These include platinum drugs (in 50% of cancer chemotherapies), lithium (bipolar disorders), silver (antimicrobials), and bismuth (broad-spectrum antibiotics).

Minerals in biology and medicine.

Natural minerals ('stone drugs') have been used in traditional Chinese medicines for over 2000 years, but there is potential for modern-day use of inorganic minerals to combat viral infections, antimicrobial resistance, and for other areas in need of new therapies and diagnostic aids. Metal and mineral surfaces on scales from milli-to nanometres, either natural or synthetic, are patterned or can be modified with hydrophilic/hydrophobic and ionic/covalent target-recognition sites. They introduce new strategies for medical applications.

Horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis: three novel ROBO3 mutations and descriptions of the phenotypes of four patients.

Purpose: Clinical and molecular characterization of patients with horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis (HGPPS) to extend existing knowledge of the phenotype caused by mutations in the Roundabout homolog of Drosophila 3 (ROBO3) gene.

Methods: Four patients (aged 6 months to 13 years), two of them siblings, with features of horizontal gaze palsy and their parents were examined clinically and by molecular testing of the ROBO3 gene. The three families were unrelated, but parents in each family were consanguineous.