Thoracolumbar fractures: Factors predicting failure of percutaneous short- and long-segment posterior fixation.

Introduction: Thoracolumbar (TL) transition trauma is frequent and challenging. Although short- (SSPF) and long-segment posterior fixation (LSPF) are its mainstay treatment, little is known about their failure rates and reasons behind it.

Research Question: understand why TL instrumentations fail and what factors influence it.

A call for greater diversity and representativity within countries in psychiatric research: Lessons and challenges from a systematic review of schizophrenia research in Brazil.

Objective: This article aims to systematically review the studies on schizophrenia in Brazil, addressing geographical coverage as an indicator of sampling representativeness, essential to infer results' generalization. It also highlights the variation in research funding across different regions.

Methods: We searched for studies carried out until July 2023.

Systematic review of outcome measures used in support programs designed to enhance the functioning for autistic children and adolescents and ICF content mapping.

Purpose: 1) To identify outcome measures used in support programs designed to enhance functioning in autistic children and adolescents, and 2) To map the content of these measures to the domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).

Methods: A systematic review was conducted. Searches were performed in Medline/PubMed, EMBASE and Virtual Health Library databases, with no restrictions imposed regarding language or year of publication.

Breastfeeding Practices and Food Consumption of Socially Vulnerable Children.

Promoting child well-being and development requires a multidimensional approach, including the right to adequate food practices. Socially vulnerable children are more exposed to adverse experiences, such as inadequate food consumption due to poverty. In this context, home-visiting programs are an important strategy for nutritional and health care education to provide relevant guidelines.

Retrospective study of factors associated with the clinical severity of covid-19 in older adults in Minas Gerais: structural equation modeling.

Background: Studies have shown an association between the clinical severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and sociodemographic and clinical variables in older adults. However, few studies have described the explanatory factors of the relationship between these variables and the clinical severity of COVID-19 using structural equation modeling.

Objective: To analyze the factors directly and indirectly associated with the clinical severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) among older adults in Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Recombinant Live-Attenuated Vaccine for Veterinary Use.

Vaccination is essential for maintaining animal health, with priority placed on safety and cost effectiveness in veterinary use. The development of recombinant live-attenuated vaccines (RASVs) has enabled the construction of balanced lethal systems, ensuring the stability of plasmid vectors encoding protective antigens post-immunization. These vaccines are particularly suitable for production animals, providing long-term immunity against a range of bacterial, viral, and parasitic pathogens.

The Accuracy of Algorithms Used by Artificial Intelligence in Cephalometric Points Detection: A Systematic Review.

The use of artificial intelligence in orthodontics is emerging as a tool for localizing cephalometric points in two-dimensional X-rays. AI systems are being evaluated for their accuracy and efficiency compared to conventional methods performed by professionals. The main objective of this study is to identify the artificial intelligence algorithms that yield the best results for cephalometric landmark localization, along with their learning system.

Can Global DNA Methylation Be Influenced by Polymorphisms in Genes Involved in Epigenetic Mechanisms? A Review.

Background: Global methylation refers to the total methylation in the DNA and can also be inferred from the Line 1 and Alu regions, as these repeats are very abundant in the genome. The main function of DNA methylation is to control gene expression and is associated with both normal and pathological mechanisms. DNA methylation depends on enzymes that generate the methyl radical (e.

Selective outcome reporting concerning antibiotics and third molar surgery.

Objectives: This study evaluates the selective outcome reporting (SOR) in clinical trials on antibiotic use in third molar surgeries. It explores how SOR may bias results and affect systematic reviews, potentially leading to misinterpretations of intervention efficacy.

Materials And Methods: A search was conducted on "ClinicalTrials.

Isolated Cricoid Fracture After Intubation.

Isolated cricoid fractures are exceedingly rare but can be life-threatening. Injuries caused by minor neck trauma related to external laryngeal manipulation or an inappropriate tube cuff size have been reported in the literature. Symptoms typically appear immediately after the traumatic episode.

Benign Yellow Dot Maculopathy: A Case Series of Patients With a Recently Discovered Macular Phenotype.

Benign yellow dot maculopathy (BYDM) is a recently described rare, asymptomatic, early onset, and non-progressive macular phenotype. It is characterized by the presence of multiple white-yellow dots encircling the fovea, which are hyperautofluorescent on fundus autofluorescence. Here, we expand on the few reports available by presenting a case series of five Portuguese patients with clinical BYDM phenotype and congruent multimodal imaging, including the second reported unilateral case.

Feasibility, validity, and normative data for the remote Uniform Data Set neuropsychological battery at the University of Pennsylvania Alzheimer's Disease Research Center.

Introduction: We investigated the feasibility and validity of the remotely-administered neuropsychological battery from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set (UDS T-Cog).

Methods: Two hundred twenty Penn Alzheimer's Disease Research Center participants with unimpaired cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia completed the T-Cog during their annual UDS evaluation. We assessed administration feasibility and diagnostic group differences cross-sectionally across telephone versus videoconference modalities, and compared T-Cog to prior in-person UDS scores longitudinally.

High-Flow Nasal Oxygen vs Noninvasive Ventilation in Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure: The RENOVATE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) are commonly used respiratory support therapies for patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF).

Objective: To assess whether HFNO is noninferior to NIV on the rates of endotracheal intubation or death at 7 days in 5 patient groups with ARF.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This noninferiority, randomized clinical trial enrolled hospitalized adults (aged ≥18 years; classified as 5 patient groups with ARF: nonimmunocompromised with hypoxemia, immunocompromised with hypoxemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD] exacerbation with respiratory acidosis, acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema [ACPE], or hypoxemic COVID-19, which was added as a separate group on June 26, 2023) at 33 hospitals in Brazil between November 2019 and November 2023 (final follow-up: April 26, 2024).

Use of the microalgae Tisochrysis lutea in a "green water" system increases the absorption area in the intestine of larvae of the seahorse Hippocampus reidi Ginsburg, 1933.

The study aimed to investigate the influence of different microalgae used in green water culture on the intestinal morphology of the seahorse Hippocampus reidi during the first 15 days of life. Four treatments were tested in triplicate, consisting of two microalgae (Tisochrysis lutea-ISO and Chaetoceros muelleri-CHO), used either individually (TISO and TCHO) or combined (TIC 1:1) in larval rearing water, and a treatment without microalgae (TWM). Larvae (6.

Maternal schooling and child's age interaction and its association with ultra-processed food consumption in Brazilian children <5 years of age: Results from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019).

Background: The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) has increased worldwide, including among children. Maternal schooling has been associated with children's UPF consumption. The present study examined the interaction between maternal schooling and child age in the association with UPF consumption in Brazilian children <5 years.

Sprint and jump performance are determined by localized BIA - an ecological study in track and field adolescent athletes.

Background: Raw data obtained through bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) have been applied in different populations to assess body fluids and cell integrity. Assessing raw BIA parameters in specific muscles is an emerging method for evaluating muscle function. We investigated the associations of the BIA-derived variables of resistance (R), reactance (Xc) and phase angle (PhA) measured through whole-body (WB) and muscle-localized (ML) methods with performance in the countermovement jump (CMJ) and 50-meter (m) sprint.

Engagement in Extracurricular Activities During Medical School: A Cross-Sectional Study on Student Motivations and Challenges.

Objectives: Extracurricular activities (EA) are crucial for medical education, fostering professional and personal growth. They complement formal curriculum structures, addressing students' social, psychological, and academic needs. Understanding students' motivations for choosing EA is essential for creating effective educational strategies.

A Novel Approach for Kalman Filter Tuning for Direct and Indirect Inertial Navigation System/Global Navigation Satellite System Integration.

This work presents an innovative approach for tuning the Kalman filter in INS/GNSS integration, combining states from the inertial navigation system (INS) and data from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) to enhance navigation accuracy. The INS uses measurements from accelerometers and gyroscopes, which are subject to uncertainties in scale factor, misalignment, non-orthogonality, and bias, as well as temporal, thermal, and vibration variations. The GNSS receiver faces challenges such as multipath, temporary signal loss, and susceptibility to high-frequency noise.

Antibacterial and Inhibitory Activity of Nora and Mepa Efflux Pumps of Estragole Complexed to β-Cyclodextrin (ES/β-CD) In Vitro Against Bacteria, Molecular Docking and MPO-Based Pharmacokinetics Prediction.

The work investigates the effect of the estragole complex encapsulated in beta-cyclodextrin (ES/β-CD) in modulating bacterial resistance, specifically in strains expressing NorA and MepA efflux pumps. Efflux pumps are mechanisms that bacteria use to resist antibiotics by expelling them from the cell. Methodology: Several compounds and antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin, were used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and the ability of the ES/β-CD complex to reverse resistance.