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Probability of hospitalisation and death among COVID-19 patients with comorbidity during outbreaks occurring in Mexico City.

Background: We compared the probability of hospitalization and death caused by COVID-19 in patients with comorbidities during three periods defined for this study: first-wave (FW), interwave period (IP), and second-wave (SW) observed in Mexico City.

Methods: In this registry-based study, we included individuals over 20 years of age. During the FW (symptomatic), the IP, and the SW (symptomatic and asymptomatic), participants were diagnosed using nasopharyngeal swabs.

Antibody and Memory B-Cell Immunity in a Heterogeneously SARS-CoV-2-Infected and -Vaccinated Population.

Global population immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is accumulating through heterogeneous combinations of infection and vaccination. Vaccine distribution in low- and middle-income countries has been variable and reliant on diverse vaccine platforms. We studied B-cell immunity in Mexico, a middle-income country where five different vaccines have been deployed to populations with high SARS-CoV-2 incidences.

Antibody and memory B-cell immunity in a heterogeneously SARS-CoV-2 infected and vaccinated population.

Global population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is accumulating through heterogenous combinations of infection and vaccination. Vaccine distribution in low- and middle-income countries has been variable and reliant on diverse vaccine platforms. We studied B-cell immunity in Mexico, a middle-income country where five different vaccines have been deployed to populations with high SARS-CoV-2 incidence.

Territorial Strategy of Medical Units for Addressing the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City: Analysis of Mobility, Accessibility and Marginalization.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an exponential increase in the demand for medical care worldwide. In Mexico, the COVID Medical Units (CMUs) conversion strategy was implemented.

Objective: To evaluate the CMU coverage strategy in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) by territory.

Design of a cluster-randomized trial of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of metformin on prevention of type 2 diabetes among prediabetic Mexican adults (the PRuDENTE initiative of Mexico City).

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global epidemic, and nations are struggling to implement effective healthcare strategies to reduce the burden. While efficacy studies demonstrate that metformin can reduce incident T2D by half among younger, obese adults with prediabetes, its real-world effectiveness are understudied, and its use for T2D prevention in primary care is low. We describe the design of a pragmatic trial to evaluate the incremental effectiveness of metformin, as an adjunct to a simple lifestyle counseling.

[The informality of labor and the right to health in Mexico: a critical analysis].

In light of the labor conditions defined within the framework of neoliberalism implemented in Mexico, labor dynamics are problematized, the main problems of access to the health and social security system are identified and the systematic violation of rights - especially the right to work, to social security and to health - are discussed. The objective of this article is to contribute with proposals for the construction of a comprehensive, inclusive, healthcare and social security system that contributes to the improvement of the lives of workers.

[A health system's neoliberal reform: evidence from the Mexican case].

This study addressed the shaping of Mexico's health system in recent years, with an analysis of the social determination conditioning the system's current formulation, the consequences for the population's living and working conditions, and the technical and legal reform measures that shaped the system's transformation. The article then analyzes the survival of social security institutions and the introduction of an individual insurance model and its current implications and consequences. From the perspective of the right to health, the article compares the measures, resources, and interventions in both health care models and highlights the relevance of the social security system for Popular Insurance.

[Inequalities in health in Mexico].

This study presents a critical approach on health sector reform in Mexico and its impact on access and equity in state health systems. We discuss the main strategies adopted and made an assessment of its contribution to achieving equity in health, using socioeconomic indicators of health services and interventions for two moments, 1990 y 2002. We conclude that the dynamics of deepening inequalities in the period and the transformation of state health systems do not contribute to the achievement of equity in access.

[Organization of the drug supply chain in state health services: potential consequences of the public-private mix].

Objective: To assess the consequences of private outsourcing on the overall supply and filling of prescriptions in state health services.

Material And Methods: The research was conducted using quantitative and qualitative techniques in 13 states. The information was collected through interviews and direct observation.

[Association between types of need, human development index, and infant mortality in Mexico, 2008].

The aim of this study was to assess the association between different types of economic and social deprivation and infant mortality rates reported in 2008 in Mexico. We conducted an ecological study analyzing the correlation and relative risk between the human development index and levels of social and economic differences in State and national infant mortality rates. There was a strong correlation between higher human development and lower infant mortality.

[Public health: knowledge, practice and training].

This paper presents a discussion regarding Public Health's main challenges: knowledge of it, professional practice and training human resources. It begins by recognising Latin-America's unequal and polar socio-sanitary context and the sanitary field's myriad single referents, paying special attention to essential public health functions, the Millennium development goals and the Latin-American Association of Public Health Education. Emphasis is placed on three components: knowledge of public health (levels, domains, disciplines, temporality, dimensions and complexity), social practice (state-public, collective general practice and group professional practice) and human resources' training (professional, technical, training and up-dating).