Does Trauma Change the Way Individuals with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Deal with Positive Stimuli?

Introduction: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a highly prevalent disorder and a highly debilitating condition. Although current theories focused on depressed mood and intrusion as critical dimensions, the mechanism through which depression increases the risk of PTSD remains unclear. Research usually concentrates on the hyperactive negative valence system (NVS) (e.

Impact of emotional intelligence (EI) on social network abuse among adolescents during COVID-19 outbreak in Italy.

Background And Aim: This paper explores the relationship between Online Social Network (OSNs) abuse, Emotional Intelligence (EI), and distress due to COVID-19 confinement among adolescents.

Methods: A sample of 226 students from North Italy aged between 16 and 18 years completed from March to June 2020 the Bergen Social Media Scale (BSMAS), Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form (TEIQue-SF) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21).

Results: Females scored higher in social network use as compared to males [t (225) = 46.

Effect of Musical Stimulation on Placental Programming and Neurodevelopment Outcome of Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review.

Background: The fetal environment is modulated by the placenta, which integrates and transduces information from the maternal environment to the fetal developmental program and adapts rapidly to changes through epigenetic mechanisms that respond to internal (hereditary) and external (environmental and social) signals. Consequently, the fetus corrects the trajectory of own development. During the last trimester of gestation, plasticity shapes the fetal brain, and prematurity can alter the typical developmental trajectories.

A Comprehensive Review on Multifaceted Mechanisms Involved in the Development of Breast Cancer Following Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs).

Background And Aim Of The Work: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) may give rise to harmful effects on health throughout life. Epigenetic changes explain how preexisting risk factors may contribute to produce altered biological responses and cancer risk. The main aim of the review is to summarize studies examining the means in which Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) can modulate individual vulnerability to breast cancer (BC) development through multifaceted mechanisms.

Engagement and Arousal effects in predicting the increase of cognitive functioning following a neuromodulation program.

Background And Aim: Research in the field of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) has increased exponentially over the past few years, demonstrating their effectiveness and application in several areas. The main purpose of the present paper was to explore the relevance of user engagement during interaction with a BCI prototype (Neuro-Upper, NU), which aimed at brainwave synchronization through audio-visual entrainment, in the improvement of cognitive performance.

Methods: This paper presents findings on data collected from a sample of 18 subjects with clinical disorders who completed about 55 consecutive sessions of 30 min of audio-visual stimulation.

A randomized controlled trial (RCT) to explore the effect of audio-visual entrainment among psychological disorders.

Background And Aim: Although many mental disorders have relevant proud in neurobiological dysfunctions, most intervention approaches neglect neurophysiological features or use pharmacological intervention alone. Non-invasive Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs), providing natural ways of modulating mood states, can be promoted as an alternative intervention to cope with neurobiological dysfunction.

Methods: A BCI prototype was proposed to feedback a person's affective state such that a closed-loop interaction between the participant's brain responses and the musical stimuli is established.

Is Zoom Dysmorphia a new disorder?

Background And Aim: this editorial address the content of a recent letter about the main characteristic of Zoom dysmorphia phenomenon entitled "Zoom Dysmorphia: the rise of a new issue amidst the pandemic" that presents a compelling argument for conceptualizing this type of body dysmorphic disorder.

Methods: It is largely known that self-appraisal, self-worth, and self-esteem are essential resources for an individual in private life and social context; a misperception of one's own characteristic can influence behavior and modify some personality traits. In the present editorial it is examined the larger issue of the relationship with dysmorphic concern and appearance-focused behaviors together with the use of cosmetic interventions.

Post-Traumatic Outcomes among Survivors of the Earthquake in Central Italy of August 24, 2016. A Study on PTSD Risk and Vulnerability Factors.

Central Italy suffered from the earthquake of 2016 resulting in great damage to the community. The purpose of the present study was to determine the long-term traumatic outcomes among the population. A preliminary study aimed at obtaining the Italian translation of the first 16 item of HTQ IV part [1] which was administered, 20 months after the disaster, at 281 survivors.

Diagnostic memory assessment in Italian-born Australians.

Background: In many English-speaking countries neuropsychological assessment of non-English speakers is often performed in English or through an interpreter. Relying on interpreters often involves unstandardized and ad hoc translations of tests which may limit valid assessment.

Methods: In a sample of 75 Italian-born elderly Australians from the general community (48 women and 27 men, aged 56-90 years) we administered standardized and normed psychological tests in both English (WMS-III, WAIS-III, BNT, Schonell Graded Word Reading Test) and Italian (Milan Overall Dementia Assessment, MODA).

Acute psychosocial challenge and cardiac autonomic response in women: the role of estrogens, corticosteroids, and behavioral coping styles.

Theoretical statements, as well as clinical and experimental data, suggest that the amplitude of cardiovascular reactivity to acute stressors can be a good predictor of preclinical and clinical cardiovascular states. The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of estrogens, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical activity, and the behavioral profile in individual cardiac autonomic reactivity to brief laboratory stressors in women. Thirty-six adult, healthy women were exposed to a stress interview and a mental task test, each lasting 5 min.