Enhancing wastewater treatment efficiency: A hybrid technology perspective with energy-saving strategies.

The study aimed to investigate how hybrid technology, combined with various intermittent aeration (IA) strategies, contributes to reducing the energy costs of wastewater treatment while simultaneously ensuring a high treatment efficiency. Even with IA subphases lasting half as long as those without aeration, and oxygen levels reduced from 3.5 to 1.

The Contribution of Efflux Systems to Levofloxacin Resistance in Clinical Strains Isolated in Warsaw, Poland.

Levofloxacin is considered an alternative treatment option of infections to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The fluoroquinolone resistance in is usually caused by an overproduction of efflux pumps. In this study, the contribution of efflux systems to levofloxacin resistance in clinical isolates was demonstrated using phenotypic (minimal inhibitory concentrations, MICs, of antibiotics determination ± efflux pump inhibitors, EPIs) and molecular (real-time polymerase-chain-reaction and sequencing) methods.

Phenotypic and Molecular Characteristics of the MDR Efflux Pump Gene-Carrying Strains Isolated in Warsaw, Poland.

An increase of nosocomial infections caused by strains has recently been observed all over the world. The isolation of these bacteria from the blood is of particular concern. In this study we performed the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of 94 isolates, including isolates from patients hospitalized in a tertiary Warsaw hospital ( = 79) and from outpatients ( = 15).

Modification of the susceptibility of gram-negative rods producing ESβLS to β-lactams by the efflux phenomenon.

The production of β-lactamases is the most important mechanism of Gram-negative rod resistance to β-lactams. Resistance to ceftazidime and cefepime in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae (especially ESβL-positive E. coli and K.