Brain Biomarkers in Children After Mild and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Brain biomarkers (protein S100b and neuron-specific enolase (NSE)), antibodies (aAb) to the NR2 subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NR2(NMDA)) and to the GluR1 subunit of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (GluR1(AMPA)) subtype of glutamate receptors (GluR), NR2 and AMPA peptides, nitrogen oxides (NOx; "nitrites and nitrates"), and 3-nitrotyrosine (NT) were measured in blood from 159 children after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), moderate traumatic brain injury (mdTBI), or severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) within 1-2 days and at intervals during the first 15 days after brain trauma. S100b and NSE levels on the first day were not a strict criterion for injury outcomes. Children with mTBI had the most significant elevations in antibodies to NR2(NMDA) and AMPA peptides, a slight increase in NOx, and, in 25% of cases, appearance of NT in the blood right after TBI.

Estimation of the Accuracy of Prognostic Scores for the Treatment of Children with Severe Trauma in a Specialized Trauma Hospital.

The aim of the present work was to study the validity and prognostic accuracy of scores for assessing the severity of the condition in children with severe trauma, located in the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation in the Clinical and Research Institute of Urgent Pediatric Surgery and Trauma. The prospective study was conducted using clinical and physiological data collected at the admission and during the first 24 hours of hospitalization from 474 patients. The validity and prognostic accuracy of prognostic scores were assessed by determining their discrimination and calibration ability.

Prognosis of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Outcomes in Children.

Objectives: We aimed to determine prognostic factors that can influence the outcome of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and sixty-nine patients with severe TBI were included. Consciousness was evaluated using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS).