Effects of erosion and abrasion on resin-matrix ceramic CAD/CAM materials: An in vitro investigation.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of erosion and abrasion on resin-matrix ceramic CAD/CAM materials [CERASMART (GC); VITA ENAMIC (VITA Zahnfabrik); Lava Ultimate (3 M)] in comparison to feldspar ceramic (VITABLOCS Mark II, VITA Zahnfabrik) and resin composite materials (ceram.x universal, Dentsply Sirona). Daily brushing and acid exposure were simulated using a brushing apparatus and a solution of 0.

Effect of dental composite dust on human gingival keratinocytes.

Objective: The aim was to investigate the effect of particles released during grinding of dental composites on human gingival keratinocytes (HGK).

Methods: Specimens from Filtek™ Supreme XTE and ceram.x® universal were prepared and ground to dust.

Method development for the intraoral release of nanoparticles from dental restorative materials.

Objective: The aim of this study was the development of a novel in-vitro method to evaluate the intraoral release of wear particles with a diameter< 1 µm from dental restorative materials.

Methods: Test fixtures for a dual-axis chewing simulator (CS-4.8, SD Mechatronik, Feldkirchen-Westerham, Germany), consisting of three components to mount the specimens and a solvent (distilled water) as well as a zirconia antagonist to transfer the masticatory forces onto the specimen was developed.

Cytotoxic and inflammatory response of human lung epithelial cells A549 to particles released from dental restorative materials during dry and wet grinding.

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the release of particles from dental materials during wet and dry grinding and test their effects on human lung epithelia cells in-vitro.

Methods: Four dental restorative materials were used: two composites [Ceram.x® universal (Dentsply Sirona) and Filtek™ Supreme XTE (3 M)], one ceramic [VITABLOCS® Mark II (VITAy)] and a ceramic-resin material [Lava™ Ultimate (3 M)].

Response of human gingival keratinocytes to hybrid CAD/CAM material eluates.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of hybrid CAD/CAM-blocks on immortalized human gingival keratinocytes (HGK).

Methods: Samples of two different hybrid CAD/CAM materials [Lava™ Ultimate (3 M); VITA Enamic® (VITA Zahnfabrik)], a composite material [ceram.x® universal (Dentsply Sirona)] and a CAD/CAM ceramic [VITABLOCS® (VITA Zahnfabrik)] were stored in cell culture medium for 72 h to prepare eluates according to ISO-10993-12:2012.

Low-dose Bisphenol A and its analogues Bisphenol F and S activate estrogen receptor ß and slightly modulate genes in human gingival keratinocytes.

Objectives: This study investigated the putative activation of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and possible effects related on gene expression in oral mucosal cells in response to the endocrine disruptor Bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogues Bisphenol F (BPF) and Bisphenol S (BPS).

Methods: Human gingival keratinocytes (HGK) were exposed to BPA-, BPF-, and BPS-solutions in concentrations of 1.3 μM, 0.

Detection of Bisphenol A in dental wastewater after grinding of dental resin composites.

Objectives: This study evaluated the release of bisphenol A (BPA) in wastewater after grinding of resin composites and tested three filtration materials.

Methods: Three resin composites (Ceram X, Filtek Supreme XTE and Core-X flow) were used. Samples (5mm×2mm, n=10) were prepared using a metal mold and were polymerized for 20s according to manufacturers' instructions.

Prosthodontic Rehabilitation with Fixed Monolithic Translucent Zirconia Restorations: A Case History Report.

Recent attempts in the development of novel zirconia ceramics aim at improving its optical characteristics by increasing the yttria content to up to 5 mol% so that these ceramics can be used for the fabrication of stable and esthetic monolithic restorations. However, clinical evidence on the outcomes of such restorations is sparse. In this case report, monolithic inlays, partial crowns, tooth- and implant-supported single crowns, and fixed dental prostheses were fabricated out of a zirconia ceramic doped with 5 mol% yttria.

Effects of low-dose Bisphenol A on calcium ion influx and on genes of proliferation and differentiation in immortalized human gingival cells in vitro: The role of estrogen receptor beta.

Objectives: Relating to low-dose Bisphenol-A (BPA), there is still a lack of mechanistic studies in oral cells, representing the first targets of BPA by oral intake. The objective of this study was to investigate an assumed mechanistic interrelationship between both low-dose BPA-modulated Calcium ion (Ca) influx and cell behavior, and the estrogen receptor β (ERβ), in oral mucosal cells.

Methods: Indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) was conducted on estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) activity after 1, 3, and 6days in response to 39nM BPA, 15μM BPA, and 200 pM 17β-Estradiol (E).

The effect of long-term use of tooth bleaching products on the human enamel surface.

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the long-term effect of bleaching on human enamel. Four groups of enamel specimens were prepared (n = 20): group 1: bleaching with Opalescence Boost [40% hydrogen peroxide (HO), 3 × 20 min/week]; group 2: control group (the specimens were stored in human saliva); group 3: beaching with Vivastyle Paint on Plus (6% HO, 2 × 10 min/day), and group 4: bleaching with Opalescence PF 16% [16% carbamide peroxide (CP), 6 h/day]. After each bleaching session the specimens were stored in human saliva.

Effect of Opalescence(®) bleaching gels on the elution of bulk-fill composite components.

Objectives: Bleaching treatments can affect release of components from conventional composites. In this continuing study the influence of two different bleaching gels on the elution of bulk-fill composite components was investigated.

Methods: The composites Tetric EvoCeram(®) Bulk Fill, QuiXFil™ and X-tra fil were treated with the bleaching gels Opalescence PF 15% (PF 15%) for 5 h and PF 35% (PF 35%) for 30 min and then stored in methanol and water for 24 h and 7 d.

Evaluation of Surface Roughness of Ceramic and Resin Composite Material Used for Conservative Indirect Restorations, after Repolishing by Intraoral Means.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the mean surface roughness (Ra) of one ceramic and one resin composite material used for indirect restorations, after grinding and repolishing by intraoral means.

Materials And Methods: The materials used were the lithium disilicate glass ceramic IPS e.max Press (EMP) and the indirect resin composite restoration system Gradia (GR).

Gene expression analysis of conventional and interactive human gingival cell systems exposed to dental composites.

Objectives: The aim of this study was the detection of putative gene expression-related effects of dental composites in conventional and interactive gingival cell systems.

Methods: Conventional monoculture (MC) and interactive cell systems (ICS) comprising human gingival fibroblast (HGF) and immortalized human gingival keratinocytes (IHGK) were exposed for 24h and 7 days according to ISO10993-12:2012 manufactured eluates of different composites (Ceram X(®), Filtek™ Supreme XT, Filtek™ Silorane, Fusio™ Liquid Dentin, and Vertise™ Flow). qRT-PCR-based mRNA analysis for biomarkers indicating cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation, and adhesion was performed.

Water sorption and water solubility of self-etching and self-adhesive resin cements.

Statement Of Problem: The long-term success of indirect restorations depends on the clinical behavior of luting cements. In the oral environment, properties such as water sorption and solubility negatively affect the cements' clinical performance over time, jeopardizing the restoration's longevity.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the water sorption and solubility characteristics of self-etching, self-adhesive, and conventional resin cements.

Elution of monomers from three different bonding systems and their antibacterial effect.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the release of monomers from three bonding systems and to correlate it with their antibacterial effect. Three bonding systems (Optibond FL(®), Xeno III(®) and Clearfil™ Protect Bond) were tested after storage in ethanol 75 % and human saliva. Twenty samples (n = 10/medium) of each bonding material were prepared and polymerized according to the manufacturers' instructions.

Human gingival keratinocyte response to substances eluted from silorane composite material reveal impact on cell behavior reflected by RNA levels and induction of apoptosis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was the characterization of siloran-derived composite eluates in conjunction with their putative impact on human gingival keratinocytes (HGK), i.e. levels of total RNA and induction of apoptosis compared to a methacrylate-based material.

Efficacy of tooth bleaching with and without light activation and its effect on the pulp temperature: an in vitro study.

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the colour stability of bleaching after light activation with halogen unit, laser, LED unit or chemical activation up to 3 months after treatment. Four groups of teeth (n = 20) were bleached with Opalescence Xtra Boost (38% hydrogen peroxide) using four different methods: activation with halogen, LED, laser or chemical activation only. All teeth were bleached in one session for four times (4 × 15 min) and the colour was evaluated using a spectrophotometer at the following time points: before bleaching, immediately after bleaching, 1 day, and 1 and 3 months after the end of bleaching.

Release of monomers from four different composite materials after halogen and LED curing.

Purpose: To evaluate the release of monomers from four different composite materials (Ceram X, Filtek Supreme XT, Tetric Flow, Tetric EvoCeram), polymerized using either halogen or LED unit.

Methods: Ten specimens were made for each material/unit combination. Each specimen was stored in 1 ml 75% ethanol.

The effect of storage medium on the elution of monomers from composite materials.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of four different storage media on the elution of monomers from two composite materials. Samples (n = 10, diameter: 4.5 mm, thickness: 2 mm) of two different composite materials (Ceram X™ & Filtek™ Supreme XT) were stored after polymerization in four different media (NaCl, saliva, ethanol 75% & acetone) for 24 h, 7 days, and 28 days.

The antibacterial effect of gas ozone after 2 months of in vitro evaluation.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of HealOzone on two microorganisms, 4 and 8 weeks after treatment, using a tooth cavity model. Four groups of caries-free third molars (n = 12) were used (A, B, C and D). Three cavities were prepared into each tooth.

The influence of saliva on the dissolution of calcium fluoride after application of different fluoride gels in vitro.

Objective: To determine the formation and dissolution of calcium fluoride on the enamel surface after application of two fluoride gel-saliva mixtures.

Method And Materials: From each of 80 bovine incisors, two enamel specimens were prepared and subjected to two different treatment procedures. In group 1, 80 specimens were treated with a mixture of an amine fluoride gel (1.

Release of monomers from different core build-up materials.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the elution of monomers from three different core build-up composite materials and correlate it with the degree of conversion.

Methods: Three different core build-up composite materials (a chemically cured, a photo-cured, and a dual-cured) were tested. Ten samples (diameter: 4.

Urethane dimethacrylate: a molecule that may cause confusion in dental research.

In recent years, the elution of monomers from dental materials has been a cause for public concern. Urethane dimethacrylate, commonly abbreviated to UDMA, is one of the monomers that are most often tested with regard to elution from and cytotoxicity of resin-based materials. Although each chemical name represents the chemical type, chemical structure, and molecular weight of a molecule, it does not seem to be the same with UDMA.