Programmed death-ligand 1 signaling pathway involves in bladder cancer growth and progression.

Context: Exploration of the biological property of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) signaling that may impact bladder tumor growth in humanized animals and cell culture.

Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate how PD-L1 signaling involves bladder cancer growth and progression.

Settings And Design: This study design involves experimental and study.