Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on Microbial Community Structure in Riverbed Sediments of East Kazakhstan.

Heavy metal (HMe) pollution in regions with mining and metallurgy activities is known to be a serious environmental problem worldwide. Hydrological processes contribute to the dissemination of HMes (drainage, precipitation, flow rate). The aim of the present study is to investigate the microbial community structure in ten river sediments sampled in different regions of East Kazakhstan, which are contaminated with HMes.

Current Trends in Bioaugmentation Tools for Bioremediation: A Critical Review of Advances and Knowledge Gaps.

Bioaugmentation is widely used in soil bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and air biofiltration. The addition of microbial biomass to contaminated areas can considerably improve their biodegradation performance. Nevertheless, analyses of large data sets on the topic available in literature do not provide a comprehensive view of the mechanisms responsible for inoculum-assisted stimulation.

Batch-mode stimulation of hydrocarbons biodegradation in freshwater sediments from historically contaminated Alūksne lake.

Historical contamination of freshwater lakes with hydrocarbons (HC) due to anthropogenic activities represents a serious problem worldwide. This study was focused on hydrocarbons-contaminated sediments sampled in Lake Alūksne of glacial origin in Northeast Latvia. The batch experiments were aimed at evaluating the effect of bio-stimulation and bioaugmentation on the biodegradation of hydrocarbons in lake sediments (LS), as well as changes in microbial community structure and metabolic activity.

CaFeO powder antifungal activity to the Candida utilis culture upon its growth.

This study reports the impact of CaFeO porous powder on the yeast Candida utilis-as a fungal model-at different phases of growth, i.e., early exponential (6 h), mid-log (11 h), and stationary (17 h) phases.

Stimulation of sewage sludge treatment by carbon sources and bioaugmentation with a sludge-derived microbial consortium.

Recently, sewage sludge (SS) disposal has become one of the greatest global challenges. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of faba bean straw (Straw-B), wheat straw (Straw-W), and wood-chip pellets (WCP) amended to SS, as well as bioaugmentation (BA), on the physicochemical characteristics and structure of the microbial community of the treated SS. Sixteen days of incubation of SS-containing mixtures revealed the highest efficiency of Straw-W(BA) in terms of SS stabilisation, i.

Selective enrichment of heterotrophic nitrifiers and spp. from industrial wastewaters.

Removal of nitrogen from wastewaters (WW) represents a global problem. The low nitrification rate during WW treatment is often caused by ecotoxicity. This problem is attributed mostly to the industrial WW.

Modeling the mobility of glyphosate from two contrasting agricultural soils in laboratory column experiments.

Glyphosate (GLP) currently is one of the most widely used herbicides worldwide. The persistence of GLP and its major metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in the environment has been described by other authors. This study was aimed at comparing the GLP and AMPA behavior in sandy and loamy sand soils after spiking with enhanced (445 µg g) concentrations of GLP in herbicide KLINIK (Nufarm, Austria) and bioaugmentation followed by 40 days weathering and a consistent three-stage leaching in a laboratory column experiment.

Metabolic response of bacteria to elevated concentrations of glyphosate-based herbicide.

Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are the most widespread commonly used broad-spectrum herbicides that contaminate soils and waters, are toxic to bacteria, plants and animals, and have been classified as 'probably carcinogenic to humans' by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2015. Particular soil bacteria and fungi can degrade GBHs, hence, search for new GBH-degrading strains or microbial consortia, effective under specific growth conditions and local environment, seems to be a promising solution for bio-remediation of glyphosate-contaminated environment. Consequently, there is a need for rapid and informative methods to evaluate the GBH-induced changes of the metabolic pathways in cells, that may serve as indicators of GBH-degrading potential.

The effects of ibuprofen on activated sludge: Shift in bacterial community structure and resistance to ciprofloxacin.

Ibuprofen (IBP) is ranked at the 4th place among 57 pharmaceutical compounds according to the number of citations in prioritization documents. The response of microbial community of activated sludge to IBP was studied at the concentrations of 50-5000mg/L. Batch incubation was performed in an OxiTop® device for 21days.

Removal of pharmaceuticals from municipal wastewaters at laboratory scale by treatment with activated sludge and biostimulation.

Municipal wastewater containing 21 pharmaceutical compounds, as well as activated sludge obtained from the aeration tank of the same wastewater treatment plant were used in lab-scale biodegradation experiments. The concentrations of pharmaceutical compounds were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry and ranged from 13.2ng/L to 51.

The effects of woodchip- and straw-derived biochars on the persistence of the herbicide 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) in soils.

Sorption and degradation are the primary processes controlling the efficacy and runoff contamination risk of agrochemicals. This study assessed the influence of two biochars, made from woodchips and straw at a pyrolysis temperature of 725°C and applied to a loamy sand and a sandy soil in the concentration of 5.3 g 100 g(-1) sandy soil and 4.

The role of nutrients in the biodegradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in liquid and soil.

The widely used explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) has residues that are potentially explosive, toxic, and mutagenic. TNT and other explosives can be degraded by microorganisms; however, biostimulation is needed for process efficiency. To investigate the effectiveness of using biostimulation to degrade TNT, we added varying concentrations of a nutrient amendment consisting of inorganic salts, plant extracts, and molasses to soil and liquid media.

Effect of plant extract on the degradation of nitroaromatic compounds by soil microorganisms.

Remediation of soils contaminated by nitroaromatic compounds and nitramines, i.e. explosives, is known as very important, complicated, and rapidly developing area of biotechnology.

Application of FT-IR spectroscopy for control of the medium composition during the biodegradation of nitro aromatic compounds.

Previous studies showed that cabbage leaf extract (CLE) added to the growth medium can noticeably promote the degradation of nitro aromatic compounds by specific consortium of bacteria upon their growth. For further development of the approach for contaminated soil remediation it was necessary to evaluate the qualitative and/or quantitative composition of different origin CLE and their relevance on the growth of explosives-degrading bacteria. Six CLE (different by species, cultivars and harvesting time) were tested and used as additives to the growth medium.