The relationship of vip level with cardiopulmonary parameters in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in combination with hypertension.

Objective: Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with hypertension occupy a leading position in morbidity and mortality in the world. The question of studying a single pathological way of their development, the search for diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in this comorbid pathology remains relevant. The aim of the study was to study cardiopulmonary parameters in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with concomitant hypertension, depending on the level of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP).

Development of single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies against Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca by phage display.

Xylella fastidiosa is a member of the gamma proteobacteria. It is fastidious, insect-vectored and xylem-limited and causes a variety of diseases, some severe, on a wide range of economically important perennial crops, including grape and citrus. Antibody based detection assays are commercially available for X.