Publications by authors named "Olga I Gurina"
Introduction: Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses. Impaired neurogenesis is observed in depression. Biomarkers of impaired neurogenesis in depression can act as a useful objective and diagnostic and prognostic tool to determine the severity of depression.
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- Human multiforme glioblastoma has a poor prognosis and limited treatment options, making research into its mechanisms crucial.
- The Rat C6 glioma model is used to study how glioblastoma influences surrounding normal tissues, promoting tumor growth and survival.
- Researchers conducted a proteome-wide analysis of C6 glioma cells and rat astrocytes, investigating changes in normal cells when exposed to tumor cells, with data shared in the PRIDE repository.
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- The study aimed to synthesize comprehensive data on the prevalence of NMDAR antibodies in psychotic patients to assess their clinical significance and address inconsistencies in findings.* -
- A total of 47 studies and 4 systematic reviews were reviewed, revealing that methods of detecting NMDAR antibodies greatly influenced results, and better detection techniques are needed for accurate prevalence assessment.* -
- The findings indicate that NMDAR antibodies are present in some psychotic patients and may influence symptoms; thus, immunotherapy could be a potential treatment for those unresponsive to standard therapies, but further research is needed.*
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- The brain relies heavily on glucose for energy, and cancers like glioblastoma exploit this by utilizing aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) for growth and proliferation.
- Researchers are studying how glioma tumors and normal brain tissue metabolize differently to use specific compounds (like 5-ALA and methylene blue) for tumor detection and treatment.
- These compounds can help visualize tumor cells and their interactions with immune cells, enabling targeted therapies that prevent tumor-induced changes in immune cell function.
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- Glioblastoma multiforme is the most aggressive brain tumor, and there is currently a lack of effective treatments, making the discovery of early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers crucial for improving patient survival and personalized therapies.
- This review discusses the use of molecular biology and proteomics to identify new biomarkers from various biological samples (like DNA, proteins, and circulating tumor cells) collected from glioblastoma patients.
- It highlights both the advantages and challenges of these techniques, particularly mass spectrometry, as powerful tools for understanding glioblastoma and enhancing treatment approaches.
Astrocytes are a dominant cell type that envelopes the glioma bed. Typically, that is followed by formation of contacts between astrocytes and glioma cells and accompanied by change in astrocyte phenotype, a phenomenon known as a 'reactive astrogliosis.' Generally considered glioma-promoting, astrocytes have many controversial peculiarities in communication with tumor cells, which need thorough examination in vitro.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSubclinical hypothyroidism is caused by thyroid hormone deficit and can lead to impairments in mood and cognition. In brain, supply with thyroxine (T4) is mediated by thyroid hormone transporters including the brain-specific anion transporter-1 (BSAT-1). In humans and rodents, BSAT-1 is expressed in brain microvessels and astrocytes.
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- High grade gliomas (HGGs), particularly glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), are the most common and aggressive brain tumors, with standard treatments offering limited survival benefits.
- Autologous dendritic cell (DC) vaccination is a promising therapy to provoke an immune response against GBM, despite challenges posed by the tumor's immunosuppressive environment.
- Current clinical trials show that DC vaccines are safe and can lead to improved survival outcomes, suggesting that combining DC therapy with other treatments may enhance effectiveness against HGGs.
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- * Researchers designed nanogels that carry the chemotherapy drug cisplatin, which are linked to antibodies targeting proteins Cx43 and BSAT1, leading to significant tumor reduction in animal models.
- * The study showed that these targeted nanogels not only reduced tumor size but also extended survival rates in treated rats, highlighting a promising new approach for glioma treatment.
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- Solid tumors rely on the growth of blood vessels, with VEGF-A being a crucial factor in this process; blocking VEGF can shrink blood vessels and slow tumor growth.
- Bevacizumab, a drug targeting VEGF-A, is used in treating various cancers and has been shown to improve patients' quality of life without major side effects, although its effectiveness for brain tumors is debated.
- There are challenges with anti-VEGF therapy, including tumor cell invasion and the need for a multi-target approach to enhance treatment efficacy and address mechanisms of resistance, suggesting new strategies for tackling cancer.
Targeted delivery of liposomal nanocontainers to the peritumoral zone of glioma by means of monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and the extracellular loop of Cx43.
Nanomedicine
January 2012
Article Synopsis
- Researchers studied PEGylated immunoliposomes using monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and connexin 43 to target gliomas in animal experiments.
- These immunoliposomes were labeled with two types of markers (fluorescent and paramagnetic) to visualize their distribution.
- The findings indicate that these targeted nanocarriers can effectively deliver drugs to areas surrounding high-grade gliomas, focusing on the peritumoral invasion zone.
Article Synopsis
- The study explored how well monoclonal antibodies targeting the E2 fragment of connexin 43 (Cx43) could identify glioma cells in animal models with brain tumors.
- Two types of labeled antibodies were injected into rats with gliomas, showing significant accumulation at the tumor site and less in other organs after 72 hours.
- The findings indicate that these antibodies can accurately visualize glioma cells and suggest their potential use for delivering drugs specifically to glioma invasion areas, highlighting their role in targeted cancer treatment.
Glioblastoma is the most common high-grade glioma characterized by strikingly poor therapeutic outcome with survival time of about a year. This makes a search for new therapeutic approaches to glioblastoma treatment an area of great clinical importance. The present study aims to explore the potential of targeted delivery of 125I-radiolabeled antibodies, specific to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and AMVB1 (antigen of abluminal membrane of endotheliocytes predominantly expressed in glioblastoma microvessels) as a strategy for in vivo tumor targeting.
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- The study measured serum concentrations of two brain-specific proteins, alpha(1)BG and NSE, in patients with severe tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and Lyme disease (LD) over a period of 23 days.
- Results showed that both proteins peaked on the second day of illness and then steadily decreased to normal levels by day 23, with higher levels indicating more severe cases and worse outcomes.
- The findings suggest a partial impairment of the blood-brain barrier in these patients, indicating that the levels of these proteins could reflect the severity of brain lesions.