Systematic Breakfast Consumption of Medium-Quantity and High-Quality Food Choices Is Associated with Better Vascular Health in Individuals with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors.

Background: Breakfast consumption has been associated with the improvement of many cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, yet data regarding its association with subclinical vascular damage, which precedes the onset of CVD, are scarce. The aim of this study is to investigate this association in a large sample of adults with CVD risk factors.

Methods: Anthropometric measurements, vascular biomarkers and dietary intake with two 24-h dietary recalls, focusing on breakfast frequency and its quantity and content, were assessed in 902 adults (45.