Protocol for a feasibility and acceptability study for UK general population paediatric type 1 diabetes screening-the EarLy Surveillance for Autoimmune diabetes (ELSA) study.

Aim: The EarLy Surveillance for Autoimmune (ELSA) study aims to explore the feasibility and acceptability of UK paediatric general population screening for type 1 diabetes.

Methods: We aim to screen 20,000 children aged 3-13 years for islet-specific autoantibodies through dried blood spot sample collection at home, hospital or community settings. Children with two or more autoantibodies are offered metabolic staging via oral glucose challenge testing.

Preferences for Peer Support Amongst Families Engaged in Paediatric Screening Programmes: The Perspectives of Parents Involved in Screening for Type 1 Diabetes in Children Aged 3-13.

Introduction: This work describes a secondary analysis of a qualitative data set originally used to understand parent participants' preferences for the design and implementation of a screening programme for paediatric Type 1 diabetes (T1D). From this, their spontaneous preferences for peer support emerged, described here in the context of existing peer support programmes for the newly diagnosed alongside suggestions for their incorporation into screening programmes for T1D and a range of other conditions.

Methods: Data were collected from semi-structured interviews conducted with parents of children aged 3-13 years to explore their expectations, perceptions and preferences of a T1D paediatric screening programme.

Remote monitoring of patients with rheumatoid arthritis in a low disease activity state: a mixed methods evaluation across six hospitals in London, UK.

Objectives: This study evaluated the scale-up of a remote monitoring service, capturing monthly Rheumatoid Arthritis Impact of Disease scores and patient-generated text messages, for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA; in remission or with low disease activity) attending routine outpatient clinics across six hospitals. We explored patients and staff experiences and implementation outcomes.

Methods: A pragmatic, mixed methods approach was used, with active patient involvement throughout.

Developing architecture of system management in the English NHS: evidence from a qualitative study of three Integrated Care Systems.

Objective: Integrated Care Systems (ICSs) mark a change in the English National Health Service to more collaborative interorganisational working. We explored how effective the ICS form of collaboration is in achieving its goals by investigating how ICSs were developing, how system partners were balancing organisational and system responsibilities, how partners could be held to account and how local priorities were being reconciled with ICS priorities.

Design: We carried out detailed case studies in three ICSs, each consisting of a system and its partners, using interviews, documentary analysis and meeting observations.

Risks of use and non-use of antibiotics in primary care: qualitative study of prescribers' views.

Purpose: The emergence of antimicrobial resistance has led to increasing efforts to reduce unnecessary use of antibiotics in primary care, but potential hazards from bacterial infection continue to cause concern. This study investigated how primary care prescribers perceive risk and safety concerns associated with reduced antibiotic prescribing.

Methods: Qualitative study using semistructured interviews conducted with primary care prescribers from 10 general practices in an urban area and a shire town in England.

The role and contribution of nurses to patient flow management in acute hospitals: A systematic review of mixed methods studies.

Background: Increased overcrowding in the emergency department is a potential threat to the quality and safety of patient care. Innovative ways are needed to explore overcrowding, the variables affecting patient flow and interventions necessary for future flow improvement.

Aims And Objectives: The aim of this review is to explore nurses' role(s) and their contribution to maintaining patient flow in acute hospitals through emergency departments.

Revisiting patient expectations and experiences of antibiotics in an era of antimicrobial resistance: Qualitative study.

Objective: To investigate contemporary patient expectations and experiences of antibiotic prescribing in England.

Background: Primary care providers' compliance with patient influences has been identified as a motivation for antibiotic-prescribing behaviour. Since 2013, there have been concerted efforts to publicize and address the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance.

Interprofessional barriers in patient flow management: an interview study of the views of emergency department staff involved in patient admissions.

Patient flow in emergency departments (EDs) is notoriously difficult to manage efficiently. While much of the attention has focused on the procedures, protocols and pathways in which patients receive their first hours of care, less attention has been paid to the relational factors that make it happen. Our study is the first, to our knowledge, to consider the role of interprofessional barriers, defined as suboptimal ways of working, as perceived by ED staff in patient flow management.

Serious bacterial infections and antibiotic prescribing in primary care: cohort study using electronic health records in the UK.

Objective: This study evaluated whether serious bacterial infections are more frequent at family practices with lower antibiotic prescribing rates.

Design: Cohort study.

Setting: 706 UK family practices in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink from 2002 to 2017.

Interventions to Reduce Adult Nursing Turnover: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews.

Background: Nurse turnover is an issue of concern in health care systems internationally. Understanding which interventions are effective to reduce turnover rates is important to managers and health care organisations. Despite a plethora of reviews of such interventions, strength of evidence is hard to determine.

The determinants and consequences of adult nursing staff turnover: a systematic review of systematic reviews.

Background: Nurses leaving their jobs and the profession are an issue of international concern, with supply-demand gaps for nurses reported to be widening. There is a large body of existing literature, much of which is already in review form. In order to advance the usefulness of the literature for nurse and human resource managers, we undertook an overview (review of systematic reviews).

EU accession: A policy window opportunity for nursing?

European enlargement has been studied in a wide range of policy areas within and beyond health. Yet the impact of EU enlargement upon one of the largest health professions, nursing, has been largely neglected. This paper aims to explore nurse leadership using a comparative case study method in two former Communist countries, Romania and Croatia.

Doctors' engagements with patient experience surveys in primary and secondary care: a qualitative study.

Background: Patient experience surveys are increasingly important in the measurement of, and attempts to improve, health-care quality. To date, little research has focused upon doctors' attitudes to surveys which give them personalized feedback.

Aim: This paper explores doctors' perceptions of patient experience surveys in primary and secondary care settings in order to deepen understandings of how doctors view the plausibility of such surveys.

Web-based textual analysis of free-text patient experience comments from a survey in primary care.

Background: Open-ended questions eliciting free-text comments have been widely adopted in surveys of patient experience. Analysis of free text comments can provide deeper or new insight, identify areas for action, and initiate further investigation. Also, they may be a promising way to progress from documentation of patient experience to achieving quality improvement.

The role of patient experience surveys in quality assurance and improvement: a focus group study in English general practice.

Background: Despite widespread adoption of patient feedback surveys in international health-care systems, including the English NHS, evidence of a demonstrable impact of surveys on service improvement is sparse.

Objective: To explore the views of primary care practice staff regarding the utility of patient experience surveys.

Design: Qualitative focus groups.

Risks, dangers and competing clinical decisions on venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in hospital care.

Drawing on wider sociologies of risk, this article examines the complexity of clinical risks and their management, focusing on risk management systems, expert decision-making and safety standards in health care. At the time of this study preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) among in-patients was one of the top priorities for hospital safety in the English National Health Service (NHS). An analysis of 50 interviews examining hospital professionals' perceptions about VTE risks and prophylaxis illuminates how National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines influenced clinical decision-making in four hospitals in one NHS region.

Has incentive payment improved venous thrombo-embolism risk assessment and treatment of hospital in-patients?

This paper focuses on financial incentives rewarding successful implementation of guidelines in the UK National Health Service (NHS). In particular, it assesses the implementation of National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) venous thrombo-embolism (VTE) guidance in 2010 on the risk assessment and secondary prevention of VTE in hospital in-patients and the financial incentives driving successful implementation introduced by the Commissioning for Quality and Innovation for Payment Framework (CQUIN) for 2010-2011. We systematically compared the implementation of evidence-based national guidance on VTE prevention across two specialities (general medicine and orthopaedics) in four hospital sites in the greater South West of England by auditing and evaluating VTE prevention activity for 2009 (i.

The implementation of NICE guidance on venous thromboembolism risk assessment and prophylaxis: a before-after observational study to assess the impact on patient safety across four hospitals in England.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalised patients. VTE prevention has been identified as a major health need internationally to improve patient safety. A National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guideline was issued in February 2010.

Form and semantics of communication in dental encounters: oral health, probability and time.

The purpose of this article is twofold. First, it introduces a new method for capturing the intricacy of communication in contemporary healthcare encounters. The method, termed 'form analysis', was developed from the systems theory of Niklas Luhmann.

Construction and validation of the quality of life measure for dentine hypersensitivity (DHEQ).

Aim: To develop and validate a condition specific measure of oral health-related quality of life for dentine hypersensitivity (Dentine Hypersensitivity Experience Questionnaire, DHEQ).

Materials And Methods: Questionnaire construction used a multi-staged impact approach and an explicit theoretical model. Qualitative and quantitative development and validation included in-depth interviews, focus groups and cross-sectional questionnaire studies in a general population (n=160) and a clinical sample (n=108).