Circulating microribonucleic acids miR-1, miR-21 and miR-208a in patients with symptomatic heart failure: Preliminary results.

Background: Cardiomyocytes produce a wide variety of bioactive molecules that regulate numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes. Recently, it has been recognized that changes in microribonucleic acid (miRNA) expression may lead to cardiac dysfunction.

Aims: To assess the expression of circulating miRNAs (miR-1, miR-21 and miR-208a) in patients with symptomatic heart failure (HF), and to investigate the relationship between expression of these miRNAs and secretion of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and galectin-3.