Determination of double bond positions in unsaturated fatty acids by pre-column derivatization with dimethyl and dipyridyl disulfide followed by LC-SWATH-MS analysis.

Comprehensive in-depth structural characterization of free mono-unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids often requires the determination of carbon-carbon double bond positions due to their impact on physiological properties and relevance in biological samples or during impurity profiling of pharmaceuticals. In this research, we report on the evaluation of disulfides as suitable derivatization reagents for the determination of carbon-carbon double bond positions of unsaturated free fatty acids by UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS analysis and SWATH (sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra) acquisition. Iodine-catalyzed derivatization of C = C double bonds with dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) enabled detection of characteristic carboxy-terminal MS2 fragments for various fatty acids in ESI negative mode.

Correction to "Cathepsin-Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00313.

Cathepsin-Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity.

Cathepsins (Cats) are proteases that mediate the successful entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells. We designed and synthesized a tailored series of 21 peptidomimetics and evaluated their inhibitory activity against human cathepsins L, B, and S. Structural diversity was realized by combinations of different C-terminal warhead functions and N-terminal capping groups, while a central Leu-Phe fragment was maintained.

Application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour to inform development of a Dissemination and Implementation science training for nutrition practitioners.

Objective: To determine nutrition practitioners' attitudes, behavioural control and normative beliefs to best inform the development and formulation of a nutrition-specific Dissemination and Implementation (D&I) science training.

Design: A cross-sectional survey aimed to assess Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) constructs and intention to use D&I science. A validated TPB questionnaire assessed constructs including perceived behavioural control, subjective, injunctive and descriptive normative beliefs, attitudes and intention to use D&I science.

Implementation of Diabetes Education and Support in Appalachia.

Limited research on diabetes education and support implementation in Appalachia, which is a critical knowledge gap considering barriers to care, and high prevalence rates. The aim was to understand what each facility is providing regarding diabetes education and services within West Virginia. This study reports cognitive interview qualitative findings from a multi-methods study.

Relationships of Maternal Employment and Work Impact with Weight-Related Behaviors and Home Environments of Mothers and Their School-Age Children.

The prevalence of obesity continues to rise. Preventing obesity, especially childhood obesity, is critically important. Parents, especially mothers, play a vital role in preventing childhood obesity.

Principles and Applications of CFX Moieties as Unconventional Halogen Bond Donors in Medicinal Chemistry, Chemical Biology, and Drug Discovery.

As an orthogonal principle to the established (hetero)aryl halides, we herein highlight the usefulness of CFX (X = Cl, Br, or I) moieties. Using tool compounds bearing CFX moieties, we study their chemical/metabolic stability and their logP/solubility, as well as the role of XB in their small molecular crystal structures. Employing QM techniques, we analyze the observed interactions, provide insights into the conformational flexibilities and preferences in the potential interaction space.

Diet quality and eating behaviors of college-attending young adults with food addiction.

Background: College students are heavily influenced by their food environment and are an important population in which to study food addiction. This mixed-methods study aimed to examine diet quality and eating behaviors of college students with food addiction.

Methods: Students attending a large university in November 2021 were invited to complete an online survey that measured food addiction, eating styles, eating disorder symptoms, diet quality, and anticipated feelings after eating.

Early life influences on the development of food addiction in college attending young adults.

Purpose: There is little investigation into the causes of food addiction. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of early life influences on the development of food addiction in college-attending young adults aged 18-29.

Methods: This study utilized a sequential explanatory mixed-methods research design.

Food Security is Associated with Higher Diet Quality Among Children of the US-Affiliated Pacific Region.

Background: The prevalence of food insecurity and its relationship to diet quality are factors impacting the health of persons living across the United States-affiliated Pacific region (USAP).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe characterize the relationship between household food security status and diet quality of 2- to 8-y-old children across jurisdictions in the USAP.

Methods: Baseline data from 2- to 8-y-olds (n = 3099) enrolled in the Children's Healthy Living Program for Remote Underserved Minority Populations in the Pacific region, an obesity prevention study conducted in communities across Alaska, American Samoa, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), Guam, and Hawaii, and a concomitant prevalence study in communities across the Freely Associated States (FAS) (the Federated States of Micronesia: Kosrae, Pohnpei, Chuuk, Yap; Republic of Marshall Islands; Republic of Palau) were collected in 2012.

Branched medium-chain fatty acid profiling and enantiomer separation of anteiso-forms of teicoplanin fatty acyl side chain RS3 using UHPLC-MS/MS with polysaccharide columns.

This work reports on targeted UHPLC-tandem mass spectrometry methods for the chiral separation of anteiso-methyl branched fatty acids (aiFAs). The methods involve precolumn derivatization with 1-naphthylamine and chiral separation on Chiralpak IG-U. anteiso-Methyl branched fatty acids with up to eight carbons can be separated.

Position of the Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior: Nutrition Educator Competencies for Promoting Healthy Individuals, Communities, and Food Systems: Rationale and Application.

It is the position of the Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior that to improve the health of individuals, communities, and food systems, it is essential that nutrition educators meet each of 6 content competencies (basic food and nutrition knowledge, nutrition across the life cycle, food science, physical activity, food and nutrition policy, and agricultural production and food systems) and 4 process competencies (behavior and education theory; nutrition education program design, implementation and evaluation; written, oral, and social media communication; and nutrition education research methods). These competencies reflect the breadth of the nutrition education field and are grounded in peer-reviewed research. The rationale and evidence base for these competencies are presented.

Impact of a Brief Culinary Medicine Elective on Medical Students' Nutrition Knowledge, Self-efficacy, and Attitudes.

The aim of this study was to determine how a brief culinary medicine curriculum impacted medical students' nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy and to evaluate which parts of the curriculum students found to be most helpful. This preliminary intervention study enrolled participants in a 2-week culinary medicine elective course and measured pre- and post-elective. Students attending an Appalachian medical school ( = 16) participated in this study.

Development and chromatographic exploration of stable-bonded cross-linked amino silica against classical amino phases.

The present work reports on a novel stable-bonded amino silica stationary phase obtained by crosslinking of surface aminopropyl moieties using triglycidyl isocyanurate. The obtained cross-linked amido-amino network silica material exhibited superior hydrolytic stability compared to classical 3-aminopropyl phases and showed, inter alia, excellent separation of nine therapeutically effective sulfonamides in hydrophilic interaction/weak anion exchange chromatography elution mode. Additionally, the separation of carbohydrates was investigated under classical hydrophilic interaction chromatography conditions as well proving the suitability of the novel phase for such applications.

HomeStyles-2 for SNAP-Ed families with children in middle childhood: Cluster randomized trial protocol.

Background: Childhood obesity prevention efforts are needed in the United States, especially for families with low income. The purpose of this study is to determine whether HomeStyles-2, a nutrition education and childhood obesity prevention program for families with children in middle childhood (ages 6 to 11 years), motivates parents to re-shape their home environments and weight-related lifestyle practices to be more supportive of meeting national nutrition and physical activity recommendations and weight status of their children more so than those in the control condition.

Methods: A research-practice partnership with Florida's Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education (SNAP-Ed) program was formed to conduct a cluster randomized trial to evaluate the HomeStyles-2 intervention.

Comprehensive profiling of conjugated fatty acid isomers and their lipid oxidation products by two-dimensional chiral RP×RP liquid chromatography hyphenated to UV- and SWATH-MS-detection.

This research reports on the development of a comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) method hyphenated to inline DAD-UV and ESI-QTOF-MS/MS-detection for the separation of conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acid isomers and structurally related (saturated, unconjugated, oxidized) compounds. In pharmaceutical lipid formulations conjugated fatty acids can be found as impurities, generated by oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Due to the structural complexity of resultant multi-component samples one dimensional liquid chromatography may be suboptimal for quality control and impurity profiling.

Impact of COVID-19 on college student diet quality and physical activity.

The COVID-19 pandemic can cause in increase in stress experienced by college students and consequently, potentially adversely affect their health behaviours. The aim of this study was to investigate how COVID-19 impacted college-attending young adults diet quality and physical activity. Students attending an Appalachian university in spring 2020 participated in this cross-sectional study.

Assessment Strategies Used by Nurse Educators To Evaluate Critical Thinking, Clinical Judgment or Clinical Reasoning In Undergraduate Nursing Students In Clinical Settings: A Scoping Review of The Literature.

Background: Nursing students in Canada are typically enrolled in a four-year bachelor degree program that provides students with the necessary skills and knowledge to enter a highly demanding and challenging workforce. Strong critical thinking, clinical reasoning, and clinical judgment skills are essential skills for safe nursing practice. Therefore, educational institutes and their mentors are mandated to teach and assess these skills.

HomeStyles-2: Randomized controlled trial protocol for a web-based obesity prevention program for families with children in middle childhood.

Background: Parents are children's primary role models, are food and physical activity gatekeepers, and create the home structure/lifestyle environment. Thus, parents strongly influence children's weight-related behaviors and have the opportunity to cultivate a "culture of health" within the home. Yet, there is a dearth of evidence-based obesity prevention intervention programs, especially for families with children aged 6-11 years, commonly called middle childhood.

Newly Food-Insecure College Students in Appalachia During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: This study investigated if the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic influenced college student food insecurity and factors that might contribute to a student becoming newly food insecure.

Design: A convenience sample was assessed using a cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Online.

Struggling with the basics: food and housing insecurity among college students across twenty-two colleges and universities.

Objectives: To quantify the number and type of students failing to secure basic needs.

Participants: Students attending 22 postsecondary schools in the United States in Fall 2019.

Methods: The Adult Food Security Module and part of the #RealCollege Survey were used to measure food and housing insecurity, respectively.

The Application of Systems Science in Nutrition-Related Behaviors and Outcomes Implementation Research: A Scoping Review.

Use of systems science can improve the dissemination and implementation (D&I) process. However, little is known about use of systems science in nutrition D&I research. The purpose of this article is to synthesize the ways in which systems science methodology is applied in nutrition D&I research.

Feasibility and Acceptability of Guided Imagery to Sequentially Address Multiple Health Behaviors During Pregnancy.

Introduction: Pregnancy presents health challenges related to well-being, physical activity, dietary regulation, and body image. There is evidence to support the use of guided imagery to address these concerns during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the use and short-term outcomes of a multiple-behavior guided imagery intervention delivered through a mobile health (mHealth) application for pregnant women.

Examining gender and the longitudinal effect of weight conscious drinking dimensions on body mass index among a college freshman cohort.

This study aims to: (1) examine gender differences for weight conscious drinking among college students accounting for the broader phenomenon (e.g. including the Alcohol Effects dimension); and (2) longitudinally examine the effect of weight conscious drinking behaviors on body mass index (BMI).

Impact of resilience on college student mental health during COVID-19.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted college student mental health and alcohol use and to determine how resilience could alleviate negative outcomes.

Participants: Students attending an Appalachian university during spring 2020 were surveyed shortly after on-campus activities stopped.

Methods: Survey items included resilience, demographics, self-rated health, and depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and alcohol use before and since COVID-19.