Assessing Stress Resilience After Smolt Transportation by Waterborne Cortisol and Feeding Behavior in a Commercial Atlantic Salmon () Grow-Out Recirculating Aquaculture System.

Sampling protocols and water quality sensors have been developed to assess fish health and welfare in recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs). Still, the use of fish-based non-invasive welfare indicators, reflecting the physiological state of the fish, is limited in this type of system. Cortisol, the major stress-coping hormone in fish, diffuses through the gills.

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Bacterial Protein Synthesis: Monitoring Vitality After Water Treatment.

Bacterial vitality after water disinfection treatment was investigated using bio-orthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT) and flow cytometry (FCM). Protein synthesis activity and DNA integrity (BONCAT-SYBR Green) was monitored in monocultures and in natural marine samples after UV irradiation (from 25 to 200 mJ/cm) and heat treatment (from 15 to 45 min at 55°C). UV irradiation of caused DNA degradation followed by the decrease in protein synthesis within a period of 24 h.

Bioorthogonal Non-canonical Amino Acid Tagging Combined With Flow Cytometry for Determination of Activity in Aquatic Microorganisms.

In this study, we have combined bioorthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT) and flow cytometry (FCM) analysis, and we demonstrate the applicability of the method for marine prokaryotes. Enumeration of active marine bacteria was performed by combining the DNA stain SYBR Green with detection of protein production with BONCAT. After optimization of incubation condition and substrate concentration on monoculture of , we applied and modified the method to natural marine samples.

Microorganisms in ballast water: Disinfection, community dynamics, and implications for management.

Increasing concerns have accelerated the development of international regulations and methods for ballast water management to limit the introduction of non-indigenous species. The transport of microorganisms with ballast water has received scientific attention in recent years. However, few studies have focused on the importance of organisms smaller than 10 μm in diameter.

Ultraviolet radiation as a ballast water treatment strategy: Inactivation of phytoplankton measured with flow cytometry.

This study investigates different UV doses (mJ/cm(2)) and the effect of dark incubation on the survival of the algae Tetraselmis suecica, to simulate ballast water treatment and subsequent transport. Samples were UV irradiated and analyzed by flow cytometry and standard culturing methods. Doses of ≥400 mJ/cm(2) rendered inactivation after 1 day as measured by all analytical methods, and are recommended for ballast water treatment if immediate impairment is required.

Flow cytometric applicability to evaluate UV inactivation of phytoplankton in marine water samples.

Disinfection of microbes is of importance to prevent the spread of pathogens and non-indigenous species in the environment. Here we test the applicability of using flow cytometry (FCM) to evaluate inactivation of the phytoplankter Tetraselmis suecica after UV irradiation and labeling with the esterase substrate 5-carboxyfluorescein diacetate acetoxymethyl ester (CFDA-AM). Non-irradiated and UV irradiated samples were analyzed with the plate count technique and FCM for 24 days.

Recolonization by heterotrophic bacteria after UV irradiation or ozonation of seawater; a simulation of ballast water treatment.

Transport of ballast water with ships represents a risk for introduction of foreign species. If ballast water is treated during uptake, there will be a recolonization of the ballast water by heterotrophic bacteria during transport. We investigated survival and succession of heterotrophic bacteria after disinfection of seawater in the laboratory, representing a model system of ballast water treatment and transport.