Association between atopic dermatitis, autoimmune illnesses, Epstein-Barr virus, and cytomegalovirus.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a Th-driven inflammatory skin disease that has been associated with other autoimmune illnesses (AI) and has a well-known predisposition to infection with herpes simplex virus infection. Yet, few studies have evaluated the association between atopic dermatitis, autoimmune illness, and other human herpes virus (HHV) infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). We aimed to evaluate the association between AD, specific AIs, CMV, and EBV in a random sample of the Optum Clinformatics Data Mart database, a US administrative claims database.

A combination of HLA-DP α and β chain polymorphisms paired with a SNP in the DPB1 3' UTR region, denoting expression levels, are associated with atopic dermatitis.

Components of the immune response have previously been associated with the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis (AD), specifically the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Class II region genome-wide association studies, however the exact elements have not been identified. This study examines the genetic variation of HLA Class II genes using next generation sequencing (NGS) and evaluates the resultant amino acids, with particular attention on binding site residues, for associations with AD. The Genetics of AD cohort was used to evaluate HLA Class II allelic variation on 464 subjects with AD and 384 controls.

Association of KIR2DL5, KIR2DS5, and KIR2DS1 allelic variation and atopic dermatitis.

Natural killer cells (NK) have been associated with the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis (AD). NK function is regulated by killer cell Ig-like receptor family (KIR) receptors that interact with HLA ligands. The study goal was to focus on allelic variation in genes KIR2DL5, KIR2DS5, and KIR2DS1 with respect to AD.

KIR Allelic Variation and the Remission of Atopic Dermatitis Over Time.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic skin disease. Although generally thought to be a disease of T-cell dysregulation, recent studies have suggested that immune dysregulation of NK cells is also important. Killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs) are involved with NK cell regulation.

Association of KIR Genes and MHC Class I Ligands with Atopic Dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic illness that is associated with immune dysregulation. NK cell function has previously been associated with AD. NK cells directly interact with polymorphic HLA class I ligand variants using killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs).

Association of Atopic Dermatitis Severity With Learning Disability in Children.

Importance: Recent population-based data indicate that atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with learning disability (LD) in children, but the association between AD severity and LD is unknown.

Objective: To evaluate the association of AD severity with learning problems in children with AD.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study analyzed data of US participants enrolled in the Pediatric Eczema Elective Registry (PEER) between November 1, 2004, and November 30, 2019.

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Atopic Dermatitis-Related School Absences Among US Children.

This cross-sectional study examines data from the Pediatric Eczema Elective Registry to assess associations of race/ethnicity with school absences attributed to atopic dermatitis in US school-aged children (6 to 17 years).

Longitudinal atopic dermatitis control and persistence vary with timing of disease onset in children: A cohort study.

Background: Wide variation exists in the timing of atopic dermatitis (AD) disease onset among children. Distinct trajectories of early-onset, mid-onset, and late-onset AD have been previously described.

Objective: To evaluate longitudinal disease control and persistence with respect to age at onset of AD.

Racial/Ethnic Variation in Use of Ambulatory and Emergency Care for Atopic Dermatitis among US Children.

Previous studies indicate racial/ethnic differences in health care utilization for pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD), but do not account for disease severity impact. We sought to examine the relationship between race/ethnicity and health care utilization, both overall and by specific visit type, while accounting for AD control. A longitudinal cohort study of children with AD in the United States was performed to evaluate the association between race/ethnicity and health care utilization for AD.

Variations in risk of asthma and seasonal allergies between early- and late-onset pediatric atopic dermatitis: A cohort study.

Background: Atopic dermatitis is associated with other allergic conditions, but variations in this "atopic march" are poorly understood.

Objective: To determine the impact of the age of atopic dermatitis onset on the risk for asthma and seasonal allergies.

Methods: A cohort study was performed using the Pediatric Eczema Elective Registry, which is an observational cohort of subjects with pediatric onset atopic dermatitis.

Association of HLA-DRB1 genetic variants with the persistence of atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a waxing and waning illness of childhood that is likely caused by interactions between an altered skin barrier and immune dysregulation. The goal of our study was to evaluate the association of DRB1 genetic variants and the persistence of AD using whole exome sequencing and high resolution typing. DRB1 was interrogated based on previous reports that utilized high throughput techniques.

Association Between Malignancy and Topical Use of Pimecrolimus.

Importance: A black box warning describes a potential risk of malignancy associated with topical use of pimecrolimus to treat atopic dermatitis due to its similarity to oral calcineurin inhibitors used in solid-organ transplantation and spontaneous reporting of malignancies, including lymphomas and cutaneous malignancies.

Objective: To evaluate the risk of malignancy in a postmarketing study of children exposed to pimecrolimus.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A longitudinal cohort study among a nationwide ongoing long-term cohort of children enrolled in the Pediatric Eczema Elective Registry (PEER) who had a history of atopic dermatitis and pimecrolimus use with data available up through May 2014.

Geographic variation in pharmacotherapy decisions for U.S. Medicare enrollees with diabetes.

Objectives: Prescription rates for diabetic drugs vary considerably across the United States for Medicare beneficiaries. The goal of this study was to determine if non-clinical factors (patient race, ethnicity, gender, income) are associated with regional variation in pharmacotherapy decisions for diabetic patients enrolled in Medicare.

Methods: We performed a spatially-weighted, linear regression analysis of the entire diabetic population enrolled in Medicare Parts A, B, and D for the years 2006 through 2009.

Evaluation of the use of prognostic information for the care of individuals with venous leg ulcers or diabetic neuropathic foot ulcers.

This is a randomized factorial design clinical trial that investigates the efficacy and feasibility of providing prognostic information on wound healing. Prognostic information was provided based on baseline or 4-week wound characteristics. Healing rates were then determined at 24 weeks for venous leg ulcers and 20 weeks for diabetic neuropathic foot ulcers.

Validity of subject self-report for acne.

Background/objective: Acne prevalence studies often use subject self-report as data source. Our aim was to evaluate the validity of acne self-report.

Methods: Responses of university students to an acne questionnaire were compared to the trained observer's concurrent examination of acne.

The incidence and risks of failure to heal after lower extremity amputation for the treatment of diabetic neuropathic foot ulcer.

The primary goal of this retrospective cohort study was to determine the incidence of failure to heal after lower extremity amputation for the treatment of diabetic neuropathic foot ulcer, and the secondary goal was to identify risk factors associated with the outcome. We evaluated 1775 patients who underwent amputation for the treatment of 5314 neuropathic foot ulcers, and who were treated in a network of wound care centers. We calculated the incidence of failure to heal after the initial amputation, and used generalized estimation equations and generalized linear latent and mixed model regression to evaluate the association of failure to heal by the 20th week of care.