Impact of Covid-19 on Residency Training in Tertiary Health Institutions in Nigeria: A National Survey.

Background: The emergence of COVID-19 had a massive impact on the health system globally. While there are many kinds of literature reporting the impact on postgraduate medical training in other parts of the world, this cannot be said about Nigeria.

Methodology: This was a national cross-sectional study among Resident doctors via an online google form survey for 8-months.

Mental health status of doctors and nurses in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: A COVID-19 experience.

Background: Healthcare professionals (HCPs) working to save lives during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are under tremendous physical and psychological pressure, therefore facing the risk of developing challenges with mental health.

Aim: This study aimed primarily to determine the prevalence and factors associated with depression, anxiety and stress among HCPs in a tertiary hospital in Lagos State during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Setting: Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria.

Changes in rates of psychiatric beds and prison populations in sub-Saharan Africa from 1990 to 2020.

Background: Psychiatric bed numbers (general, forensic, and residential) and prison populations have been considered indicators of institutionalization. The present study aimed to assess changes of those indicators across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from 1990 to 2020.

Methods: We retrospectively obtained data on psychiatric bed numbers and prison populations from 46 countries in SSA between 1990 and 2020.

Towards school-based mental health programs in Nigeria: the immediate impact of a depression-literacy program among school-going adolescents and their teachers.

Background: Depression-literacy, which is the foundational requirement for symptom recognition, positive attitude and help-seeking, is poor among adolescents in Nigeria. This study, therefore, aims to determine the impact of a school-based training program on depression-literacy among a cohort of high-school students and their teachers in South-West Nigeria.

Methods: An adapted version of the Break Free from Depression, a 4-module depression awareness curriculum for staff and students, was implemented among students and their teachers.

Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among trauma-exposed adolescents from low- and middle-income countries.

Background: Exposure to traumatic events in childhood is associated with the development and maintenance of various psychiatric disorders, but most frequently with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the types of traumatic events experienced and the presence and predictors of PTSD symptoms among adolescents from the general population from ten low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods: Data were simultaneously collected from 3370 trauma-exposed adolescents (mean age = 15.

Factors Driving the Acquisition of University Postgraduate Degrees among Resident Doctors in Nigeria.

The study examined the characteristics and factors driving the acquisition of postgraduate academic degrees among resident doctors in Nigeria. About 10% of the respondents had a form of university postgraduate degree with majority being master's degree. Having more than seven years of professional practice was the only factor predicting the acquisition of postgraduate academic degrees amongst the respondents [AOR: 0.

External locus-of-control partially mediates the association between cumulative trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress symptoms among adolescents from diverse background.

Locus of control (LOC) is a modifiable mediator of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among traumatized individuals and a potential target of intervention. Compared with studies involving adults, the potential mediation effect of LOC on PTSD symptoms among trauma-exposed children and adolescents is relatively under-explored. This study, therefore, assessed the mediation effects of LOC on the association between lifetime cumulative trauma and PTSD symptoms among a large cohort of adolescents from different cultural background.

Mental Disorders Among Detained Youth: The Hidden Nature and Peculiarities of African Literature.

Beaudry et al. published the results of a global systematic review of studies that have assessed prevalence rates of common mental disorders (CMD) among detained adolescents. The eligibility criteria were as follows: studies conducted in a general population of detained adolescents (10-19 years of age); studies that assessed prevalence rates of any of current depression, psychotic disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or lifetime conduct disorder; studies with diagnoses made using clinical examination or semi-structured diagnostic instruments; and studies with results disaggregated by sex, unless >90% of respondents were of same sex.

Psychiatric morbidity among adolescents and youth involved with the juvenile justice system in sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic scoping review of current studies and research gaps.

The current body of knowledge on the prevalence rate of psychiatric morbidity among adolescents and youth within the juvenile justice system in sub-Saharan Africa is yet to be systematically synthesized.. Consequently, African literature in the field has remained obscure, out of consideration in global discourses around the subject.

Evaluating the Relationship between Duty Hours and Quality of Life of Nigerian Early Career Doctors.

This study explored association between early career doctors (ECDs) duty hours and their quality of life (QoL). Information was collected on socio-demographics, duty hours and QoL of 391 Nigerian ECDs. Results showed median of 70 duty-hours weekly, 10 call-days monthly and 6 sleep-hours daily.

Health determinants of adolescent criminalisation.

Several conditions related to health and development in adolescence can increase the risk that a young person will be exposed to the criminal justice system. Such determinants include neurodevelopmental disability, poor mental health, trauma, and experiences of maltreatment. Furthermore, the risk of exposure to the criminal justice system seems to be amplified by social marginalisation and inequality, such that young people are made susceptible to criminal behaviour and criminalisation by a combination of health difficulties and social disadvantages.

A stepped care intervention for non-specialist health workers' management of depression in the Mental Health in Primary Care (MeHPriC) project, Lagos, Nigeria: A cluster randomised controlled trial.

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of a developed stepped care intervention for management of depression in primary care.

Methods: A cluster randomised controlled trial with primary care centres (PHCs) as unit of randomization. Five PHCs were randomised to stepped care intervention (SCI) group and another 5 PHCs were randomised to enhanced usual care (eUCA) control group.

Prevalence and correlates of depression among Nigerian stroke survivors.

Background: There is mixed evidence for the hypothesis that the risk of depression after stroke is influenced by the location of lesions in the hemispheres, demographic and clinical factors, and disability of stroke survivors.

Aim: The current study determined the prevalence of depression and its socio-demographic and clinico-pathological correlates among stroke survivors in a tertiary hospital in Lagos, Nigeria.

Method: The cross-sectional study was carried out among 112 adult patients with a clinical history of stroke confirmed by neuroimaging.

UCLA PTSD reaction index for DSM-5 (PTSD-RI-5): a psychometric study of adolescents sampled from communities in eleven countries.

: Children and adolescents are often exposed to traumatic events, which may lead to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is therefore important for clinicians to screen for potential symptoms that can be signs of PTSD onset. PTSD in youth is a worldwide problem, thus congruent screening tools in various languages are needed.

Gender difference in the point prevalence, symptoms, comorbidity, and correlates of depression: findings from the Lagos State Mental Health Survey (LSMHS), Nigeria.

It is still unclear whether the gender difference in the rate of depression cuts across cultures or is specific to some depressive symptoms. This study evaluated the gender difference in current prevalence, symptoms, comorbidity, and correlates of depression in Lagos, Nigeria. A total of 11,246 adult participants (6525 females and 4712 males) in a face-to-face household survey were assessed for symptoms of depression.

Validation of CRAFFT for Use in Youth Correctional Institutions in Lagos, Nigeria.

Substance-related disorders (SRD) are common psychiatric morbidities among adolescents within youth correctional systems. Identification and treatment of SRDs is critical for successful reformation and reintegration. Lack of simple, structured, valid, brief screening instruments that can be easily administered and scored by lay workers militates against screening for SRDs.

Current prevalence, comorbidity and associated factors for symptoms of depression and generalised anxiety in the Lagos State Mental Health Survey (LSMHS), Nigeria.

Background: Depression and anxiety are very prevalent, highly co-morbid, burdensome with huge treatment gaps in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aimed to estimate the current prevalence of symptoms of depression and generalised anxiety, examine co-morbid conditions and associated sociodemographic factors in Lagos state, Nigeria.

Methods: A face to face household survey completed by 11,246 adult participants (age 18-75years).

Correlations between psychopathology and self-reported quality of life among adolescents in youth correctional facilities in Lagos, Nigeria: A short report.

Background: The relationship between psychopathology and quality of life (QoL) and well-being among young incarcerated offenders has hardly been explored.

Aims: Our aim was to test the hypothesis that higher self-rated psychopathology would be associated with lower QoL among adolescents resident within youth correctional facilities in Lagos.

Methods: Psychopathology was assessed using the Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ), while QoL was measured by using the Paediatric Quality of Life.

Status of mental-health services for adolescents with psychiatric morbidity in youth correctional institutions in Lagos.

Background: High prevalence rates of psychiatric morbidity have been documented among adolescents within youth correctional institutions in Nigeria. However, there has not been prior investigation to determine the capacity for and nature of mental health services being provided in these institutions.

Objectives: To assess psychiatric morbidity among adolescents within youth correctional institutions in Lagos, while simultaneously examining the capacity for and the scope of mental health services.

Psychosocial wellbeing of patients with multidrug resistant tuberculosis voluntarily confined to long-term hospitalisation in Nigeria.

Background And Objective: Patient isolation, which is a widely successful treatment strategy for tuberculosis (TB), has been suspected to have effects on patient psychosocial wellbeing. We assessed the psychosocial wellbeing of multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB) patients in voluntary and isolated long-term hospitalisation in Nigeria.

Methods: 98 accessible and consenting patients in four drug-resistant treatment centres (University College Hospital and Government Chest Hospital, Ibadan; Mainland Hospital, Lagos, and Lawrence Henshaw Memorial Hospital, Calabar) were enrolled in this study.

Cross-Cultural Measurement Invariance of Adolescent Self-Report on the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0.

This study evaluated the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory version 4.0 (PedsQL) among adolescents sampled from Bulgaria, Croatia, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, Serbia, and Turkey. The multiple-indicator multiple-cause (MIMIC) model was used, which allowed controlling of demographic variables (i.

Can we really use available scales for child and adolescent psychopathology across cultures? A systematic review of cross-cultural measurement invariance data.

In this systematic review, we assessed available evidence for cross-cultural measurement invariance of assessment scales for child and adolescent psychopathology as an indicator of cross-cultural validity. A literature search was conducted using the Medline, PsychInfo, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. Cross-cultural measurement invariance data was available for 26 scales.