Re-telling the story of aminoglycoside ototoxicity: tales from sub-Saharan Africa.

Background: Aminoglycosides, such as Streptomycin, are cheap, potent antibiotics widely used Sub-Saharan Africa. However, aminoglycosides are the commonest cause of ototoxicity. The limited prospective epidemiological studies on aminoglycoside ototoxicity from Sub-Saharan Africa motivated this study to provide epidemiological information on Streptomycin-induced ototoxicity, identify risk factors and predictors of ototoxicity.

Stated preferences for human papillomavirus vaccination for adolescents in selected communities in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria: A discrete choice experiment.

Administration of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in early adolescence is effective in preventing cervical cancer, a common cancer in sub-Saharan Africa. Nigeria is in the pre-introduction era of the HPV vaccine. Understanding the preferences of the population for the vaccine can help design the HPV immunization program to ensure high uptake of the vaccine.

Economic costs of cigarette smoking among adolescents in Nigeria.

Background: Cigarette smoking is an established cause of preventable death and often initiated during adolescence. We estimated the short- and long-term costs of cigarette smoking among currently smoking adolescents in Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey among adolescents in Oyo state, Nigeria and a review of mortality records of patients managed for lung cancer in a tertiary facility in Ibadan, Nigeria were conducted.

Facilitators and barriers of healthcare workers' recommendation of HPV vaccine for adolescents in Nigeria: views through the lens of theoretical domains framework.

Background: The human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has demonstrated efficacy in the prevention of cervical cancer when given in early adolescence. The recommendation of the vaccine by health care workers (HCW) is crucial to the uptake of the vaccine by adolescents and the process of this recommendation is important as it determines subsequent uptake of the vaccine. Understanding of the facilitators and barriers of recommendation of this vaccine can help in the development of strategies to improve its recommendation rates and uptake.

Parental intention to vaccinate adolescents with HPV vaccine in selected communities in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria: an application of Integrated Behavioral Model.

Parents have important roles to play for adolescents to get the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, an effective measure in the prevention of cervical and other HPV-related cancers. It is important to understand the intention of parents to have their adolescents vaccinated for optimal uptake of the vaccine in Nigeria. This study investigated the intention of parents in five selected communities to get their adolescents vaccinated with HPV vaccine in Ibadan, Nigeria using the Integrated Behavioral Model (IBM).

Economic costs of terminal care for selected non-communicable diseases from a healthcare perspective: a review of mortality records from a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.

Introduction: WHO revealed that morbidity and mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the increase and NCDs accounted for approximately 29% of all deaths in Nigeria in 2016. This study was conducted to estimate the economic cost of selected NCDs-lung cancer, liver cancer and liver cirrhosis. These diseases are known to be associated with key modifiable health risk behaviours (smoking and alcohol use), which are prevalent in Nigeria and often commence during the adolescent years.

Anti-sickling activities of two isolated compounds from the root of Combretum racemosum P. beauv. (Combretaceae).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Evaluation of plants such as Combretum racemosum with claimed traditional use in the management of sickle cell anaemia in Nigeria and other parts of West Africa could serve as a useful research strategy in the search for potential anti-sickling drugs and templates.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed at evaluating the antisickling potential of C. racemosum by activity-guided purification and isolation of its active constituents.

Medical genetics and genomic medicine in Nigeria.

Medical genetics and genomic medicine in Nigeria. [Image: see text]

Study of streptomycin-induced ototoxicity: protocol for a longitudinal study.

Hearing impairment is due to various causes including ototoxicity from aminoglycosides. The susceptibility to aminoglycosides increases in the presence of certain mitochondria gene mutations. There is unrestrained use of aminoglycosides in many developing nations which may worsen the burden of hearing impairment in these countries but there is lack of data to drive required policy changes.

Tumour necrosis factor alpha promoter polymorphism, TNF-238 is associated with severe clinical outcome of falciparum malaria in Ibadan southwest Nigeria.

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) - α has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of falciparum malaria. Two TNF promoter polymorphisms, TNF-308 and TNF-238 have been associated with differential activity and production of TNF. In order to investigate the association between TNF-308 and TNF-238 and the clinical outcome of malaria in a Nigerian population, the two TNF polymorphisms were analysed using Sequenom iPLEX Platform.

Differences in the malariometric indices of asymptomatic carriers in three communities in ibadan, Nigeria.

This study was conducted to determine the malariometric indices of children in three different settings in Ibadan, Nigeria. Children were recruited from an urban slum (Oloomi) and a periurban (Sasa) and a rural community (Igbanda) in Ibadan. Children aged between 2 and 10 years were randomly selected from primary schools in the urban and periurban areas.

Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors and falciparum malaria in southwest Nigeria.

Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are a group of natural killer cell receptors (NKRs) that regulate NK-cell-mediated production of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in response to infection. These receptors have recently been suggested to influence the severity of clinical Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection. We examined the KIR locus in relation to malaria in children from southwest Nigeria.

The impact of malaria in pregnancy on changes in blood pressure in children during their first year of life.

We established a maternal birth cohort in Ibadan, Nigeria, where malaria is hyperendemic, to assess how intrauterine exposure to malaria affected infant blood pressure (BP) development. In a local maternity hospital, healthy pregnant women had regular blood films for malaria parasites from booking to delivery. Growth and BP were measured on 318 babies, all followed from birth to 3 and 12 months.

Maternal malaria, birth size and blood pressure in Nigerian newborns: insights into the developmental origins of hypertension from the Ibadan growth cohort.

Background: Hypertension is an increasing health issue in sub-Saharan Africa where malaria remains common in pregnancy. We established a birth cohort in Nigeria to evaluate the early impact of maternal malaria on newborn blood pressure (BP).

Methods: Anthropometric measurements, BP, blood films for malaria parasites and haematocrit were obtained in 436 mother-baby pairs.

Relative height and weight among children and adolescents of rural southwestern Nigeria.

Background: There are few data describing the relative height and weight patterns of children and adolescents in rural Nigeria, despite a prevalence of stunting of over 38% among children younger than 5 years.

Aim: The present study documented the height and weight patterns relative to international standards among children and adolescents aged 5-20 years in rural Nigeria.

Subjects And Methods: Children 5-20 years of age were enrolled from two rural villages.

Energy expenditure and adiposity in Nigerian and African-American women.

Objective: Obesity is a prevalent condition in industrialized societies and is increasing around the world. We sought to assess the relative importance of resting energy expenditure (REE) and activity EE (AEE) in two populations with different rates of obesity.

Methods And Procedures: Women of African descent between 18 and 59 years of age were recruited from rural Nigeria and from metropolitan Chicago.

Early home treatment of childhood fevers with ineffective antimalarials is deleterious in the outcome of severe malaria.

Background: Early diagnosis and prompt treatment including appropriate home-based treatment of malaria is a major strategy for malaria control. A major determinant of clinical outcome in case management is compliance and adherence to effective antimalarial regimen. Home-based malaria treatment with inappropriate medicines is ineffective and there is insufficient evidence on how this contributes to the outcome of severe malaria.

Heritability of blood pressure in Nigerian families.

Objectives: There are few studies of familial aggregation of blood pressure in African populations. This study was undertaken to provide estimates of heritability for four blood pressure phenotypes: systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure.

Methods: A population-based sample of 528 pedigrees or extended families, comprising 1825 measured individuals, was studied in a poor urban community in Ibadan, Nigeria.