Analysis of cerebral blood flow and intracranial hypertension in critical patients with non-hepatic hyperammonemia.

Hyperammonemia in adults is generally associated with cerebral edema, decreased cerebral metabolism, and increased cerebral blood flow. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between non-hepatic hyperammonemia and intracranial hypertension assessed by Doppler flowmetry and measurement of the optic nerve sheath. A prospective cohort study in critically ill patients hospitalized in intensive care units of a University Hospital between March 2015 and February 2016.

Proposal for a unified selection to medical residency programs.

Objective: This paper proposes the unification of entrance exams to medical residency programs (MRP) in Brazil. Problems related to MRP and its interface with public health problems in Brazil are highlighted and how this proposal are able to help solving these problems.

Methods: The proposal is to create a database to be applied in MRP unified exams.

Preventable deaths in trauma patients associated with non adherence to management guidelines.

Objectives: To evaluate patients treated for traumatic injuries and to identify adherence to guidelines recommendations of treatment and association with death. The recommendations adopted were defined by the committee on trauma of the American College of Surgeons in advanced trauma life support.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study conducted at a teaching hospital.

Prevalence of symptoms of asthma, rhinitis and atopic eczema among students between 6 and 7 years of age in the city of Londrina, Brazil.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, rhinitis and atopic eczema among students between 6 and 7 years of age in the city of Londrina, Brazil.

Methods: A population-based study using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) standardized questionnaire (asthma, rhinitis and atopic eczema modules), validated for use in Brazil, in public school students between 6 and 7 years of age.

Results: Of the 3,963 questionnaires retrieved, 3,600 (90.

Reduction in the number of asthma-related hospital admissions after the implementation of a multidisciplinary asthma control program in the city of Londrina, Brazil.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the reduction in the number of asthma-related hospital admissions and the changes occurring after the intervention performed in the health care system of the city of Londrina, Brazil.

Methods: In 2003, an intervention was performed in the local health care system (Family Health Clinics). The steps adopted were as follows: development of a protocol based on the III Brazilian Consensus on Asthma Management; access to free inhaled corticosteroids for patients; training of health professionals; and implementation of educational measures, especially for the community.

Brazilian examples of programs for the control of asthma.

The aim of this study was to determine which Brazilian programs demonstrate experience in asthma management. Data on and characteristics of those programs were obtained by electronic mail. The variables studied were related to the program itself, its patients and staff.

Castleman's disease or angiofollicular hyperplasia as a solitary pulmonary nodule: case report.

Castleman's disease is a rare disorder generally characterized by a mediastinal nodule, with a great variety of alternative presentations regarding age, clinical manifestations and evolution. This case report describes a 40-year-old female patient presenting with uncharacteristic chest pain for a few years. A chest X-ray revealed a hypotransparency on the right side.

Impact of the implementation of a therapeutic guideline on the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia acquired in the intensive care unit of a university hospital.

Objective: To evaluate the impact that the implementation of therapeutic guidelines has on the empirical treatment of nosocomial pneumonia.

Methods: A clinical trial, using historical controls and involving current ICU patients who had acquired nosocomial pneumonia, was carried out from June of 2002 to June of 2003. All were treated according to therapeutic guidelines developed by the Commission for Nosocomial Infection Control of the institution (group with intervention).

Idiopathic tracheal stenosis. A report of four cases.

Idiopathic tracheal stenosis is uncommon. Herein, we report four cases, all presenting a similar clinical profile: diagnosed through bronchoscopy and having a history of being treated unsuccessfully for bronchospasm. Three of the patients were treated with dilatation and an oral corticosteroid.

The relative frequency of hypomagnesemia in outpatients with chronic airflow limitation treated at a referral center in the north of the state of Paraná, Brazil.

Objective: To determine the relative frequency of hypomagnesemia among patients with chronic airflow limitation treated as outpatients at a referral center in the northern part of the state of Paraná between 2000 and 2001, as well as to determine whether hypomagnesemia correlates with hypoxia, with other electrolyte disturbances and with the severity of airflow limitation.

Methods: This was a descriptive study of the relative frequency of hypomagnesemia in 72 patients with chronic airflow limitation. All of the patients were submitted to blood tests to determine serum levels of magnesium and other electrolytes, as well as to staging of the underlying disease.

Post-pneumonectomy thoracic drainage: to drain or not to drain? A retrospective study.

Objective: To evaluate the need for post-pneumonectomy thoracic drainage.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 46 patients having undergone pneumonectomy in the Thoracic Surgery Department of the Londrina University Hospital between January of 1998 and December of 2004. Patients were divided into two groups: those having been submitted to drainage and those not having been.

[Quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: translation to Portuguese language and validation of the "Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire" (IBDQ)].

Background: Crohn's disease comprises, together with ulcerative colitis, the inflammatory bowel diseases, which because their morbidity and chronic evolution have a considerable impact on the patient's quality of life. The measurement of quality of life requires the determination of the degree of subjective well-being attributed to the lack of symptoms, to psychological state and daily activity, and is useful as an instrument of evaluation, both in clinical trials and health programs. Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire is an instrument developed by North-American investigators of McMaster University which reproducibility and validity has been determined in several countries studies, and has shown its use in the measurement of the quality of life of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.

[Epidemiological profile of cocaine users on treatment in psychiatrics hospitals, Brazil].

Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile and patterns of cocaine use among hospitalized drug users.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among drug users, aged 18 years or more, hospitalized in one out six selected psychiatric hospitals in the metropolitan area of Greater S o Paulo, whose clinical conditions allowed them to reliably answer to a standardized questionnaire and who agreed to participate. Six psychiatric hospitals who attended spontaneously referred public and private patients from all Greater S o Paulo were selected.