WHITE CEREBELLUM SIGN AS A DARK PROGNOSTIC INDICATOR OF CEREBRAL INJURY: A CASE REPORT.

Introduction: The white cerebellum sign (WCS) is a classical but rare radiological finding usually associated with irreversible diffuse hypoxic-ischemic cerebral injury. Very few cases exist in the literature globally, especially from the West African region, as a potential hallmark of poor prognostic outcome. We describe the white cerebellum sign in a Nigerian pediatric patient, managed for severe head injury.

The Management of Persistent Distal Occlusions after Mechanical Thrombectomy and Thrombolysis: An Inter- and Intrarater Agreement Study.

Background And Purpose: The best management of patients with persistent distal occlusion after mechanical thrombectomy with or without IV thrombolysis remains unknown. We sought to evaluate the variability and agreement in decision-making for persistent distal occlusions.

Materials And Methods: A portfolio of 60 cases was sent to clinicians with varying backgrounds and experience.

Nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage on noncontrast head CT: An accuracy, inter-rater, and intra-rater reliability study.

Background And Purpose: To evaluate the reliability and accuracy of nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage (NAPSAH) on Noncontrast Head CT (NCCT) between numerous raters.

Materials And Methods: 45 NCCT of adult patients with SAH who also had a catheter angiography (CA) were independently evaluated by 48 diverse raters; 45 raters performed a second assessment one month later. For each case, raters were asked: 1) whether they judged the bleeding pattern to be perimesencephalic; 2) whether there was blood anterior to brainstem; 3) complete filling of the anterior interhemispheric fissure (AIF); 4) extension to the lateral part of the sylvian fissure (LSF); 5) frank intraventricular hemorrhage; 6) whether in the hypothetical presence of a negative CT angiogram they would still recommend CA.

Delayed Gadolinium Leakage in Ocular Structures on Brain MR Imaging: Prevalence and Associated Factors.

Background And Purpose: Gadolinium leakage in ocular structures (GLOS) is characterized by hyperintense signal in the chambers of the eye on FLAIR and has been reported in association with blood-ocular barrier breakdown in patients with ischemic strokes. The underlying mechanism of GLOS remains poorly understood; however, some studies suggest it may be part of a physiologic excretion pathway of gadolinium. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of GLOS in an unselected patient population.

Increased rate of significant findings on brain MRI during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: To assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the proportion of abnormal paediatric neuroimaging findings as a surrogate marker for potential underutilisation.

Methods: Consecutive paediatric brain MRIs performed between March 27th and June 19th 2019 (T) and March 23rd and June 1st 2020 (T) were reviewed and classified according to presence or absence and type of imaging abnormality, and graded regarding severity on a 5-point Likert scale, where grade 4 was defined as abnormal finding requiring non-urgent intervention and grade 5 was defined as acute illness prompting urgent medical intervention. Non-parametric statistical testing was used to assess for significant differences between T vs.

PREDICT: Precise deployment of Silk Vista Baby in confined territory: A technical note.

Flow diverters (FD) have become increasingly useful in treating complex intracranial aneurysms, particularly wide-necked and recurrent aneurysms. Their use has progressively expanded to smaller vessels beyond the circle of Willis (CoW), and Silk Vista Baby (SVB) is one such low-profile FD which stands out because of deliverability through a 0.017″ microcatheter and smoother navigability.

Venous outflow stenting for symptomatic developmental venous anomaly.

Developmental venous anomaly (DVA) is one of the commonest vascular malformations in the brain but rarely symptomatic. Various pathomechanisms such as mechanical compression, increased in-flow into DVA or outflow obstruction have been described as causative factors in symptomatic DVAs. We report a unique case of a pontomedullary DVA with venous outflow obstruction causing progressive neurological worsening in a young adult despite anticoagulation, who was treated with a novel approach of venous outlet stenting of the collector vein with favorable outcome.

Normative references and clinical correlates of fetal umbilical artery Doppler indices in southwestern Nigeria.

Objective: To derive normative references for umbilical artery (UA) Doppler indices, including pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), and systolic/diastolic (SD) ratio, for singleton pregnancies in Ile-Ife, Nigeria, and compare them with reference values from other populations.

Methods: A longitudinal study involving 415 women with a singleton fetus at 26-40 gestational weeks attending Obafemi Awolowo University Hospital, Ile-Ife, between July 2015 and March 2019. Fetal UA PI, RI, and SD ratio were measured every 4 weeks until delivery.

Capacity for paediatric radiology in Nigeria: a survey of radiologists.

Children account for nearly half the population of Nigeria yet the capacity for effective imaging of children is unknown. In order to determine clinical resources for and challenges of paediatric radiology in Nigeria, certified radiologists at an exit examination in radiology for resident doctors, and resident doctors in radiology attending an update course, completed a semi-structured questionnaire detailing personal information, radiology training, practice and perceived priorities of paediatric radiology in Nigeria. Of 100 questionnaires, 80 were returned, completed (80%) by 46 (58%) certified radiologists, 14 (18%) senior and 20 (25%) junior radiology residents.

Intracranial Arterial Calcification in Black Africans with Acute Ischaemic Stroke.

Background: Intracranial arterial calcification (IAC), a recognized marker of atherosclerosis on cranial computed tomography (CT), is an independent risk factor for ischaemic stroke. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, distribution, severity, and associations of IAC in adults with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Methods: Cranial CT images of 130 consecutive adults who presented with AIS were acquired on a 64-slice multi-detector Toshiba Aquilion scanner and evaluated for IAC in bone window on Vitrea® software using a semi-quantitative scoring method for extent, thickness, and length of calcifications in the large intracranial arteries.

Brain and spine imaging artefacts on low-field magnetic resonance imaging: Spectrum of findings in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital.

Background: Low-field (LF) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a technology that is widely used in resource-limited settings for clinical imaging. The images produced, even though of low resolution with noise and artefacts, provide valuable information and guidance for patient assessment and treatment. This study shows a spectrum of MRI artefacts that affect image quality during routine clinical neuroradiology practice using LF MRI in a Nigerian hospital and suggests ways to avoid them.

Infections of the spine and spinal cord.

Predisposing factors for developing spinal infections include: immunodeficiency; drug abuse; the widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressive drugs; diabetes mellitus; and spinal surgery. Infections can be bacterial, fungal, parasitic, or viral in origin. This chapter reviews current knowledge in clinical and imaging findings in the most common spinal infections divided according to the compartment primarily involved.

Maternal ophthalmic artery Doppler velocimetry in pre-eclampsia in Southwestern Nigeria.

Background: Pre-eclampsia (PE) poses a serious challenge to maternal and fetal health in Africa. It is associated with hemodynamic changes that may affect the internal carotid/ophthalmic artery circulation with consequent neuro-ophthalmic manifestations. Ophthalmic artery Doppler (OAD) ultrasound is an important tool that can be used to detect hemodynamic changes in PE and monitor its severity.

Incidental cranial CT findings in head injury patients in a Nigerian tertiary hospital.

Background: Incidental findings on computed tomography (CT) scans are occasionally noted in patients presenting with head injury. Since it can be assumed that head injured patients are of normal health status before the accident, these findings may be a representation of their frequency in the general population. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of such incidental findings among head injured patients in Nigeria's foremost center of clinical neurosciences.

ROLE OF TRANSCRANIAL COLOUR-CODED DUPLEX SONOGRAPHY IN STROKE MANAGEMENT - REVIEW ARTICLE.

The development of transcranial colour-coded duplex sonography (TCCS) has resurrected the hope of safe, real time bedside brain imaging beyond childhood. This review article provides an overview of the role of TCCS in the management of patients with stroke. The objective is to stimulate interest in the field of neurosonology as a potential means of improving neurological outcome for stroke patients and a area for stroke research endeavors in Africa.

The evolving roles of hospitals in health systems: the Lagos-Nigeria example.

With the revision of the definitions of health systems and the expectations of the public there is a need to reassess the roles of hospitals. Hospitals remain the centre of health care services and they face lots of challenges in service delivery. Lagos State in Nigeria has analyzed her perculiar circumstances and formulated a Health Service Reform law.

Evaluation of a rapid test kit for detection of HBsAg/eAg in whole blood: a possible method for pre-donation testing.

In many developing countries where hepatitis B is endemic, positivity rate for HBsAg in donor blood is high, and in some places, up to 20% of donated blood has to be discarded for being HBsAg positive. This degree of wastage may be financially crippling for some developing countries. Pre-donation testing may be useful, so that donors who test HBsAg positive are deferred and wastage of costly blood bags is reduced.

Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and motivations towards blood donations among blood donors in Lagos, Nigeria.

Summary. interviewed with questionnaires on their knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and motivations about blood donations. It was found that a large number of them (92.