Anthelmintic activity of three selected ethnobotanical plant extracts against Strongyloides venezuelensis.

The agropastoral farmers have employed Turraea vogelii(TVL),Senna podocarpa(SPL), and Jaundea pinnata (JPL) leaves for treating various diseases, including intestinal parasites in livestock and the human population in Nigeria. Gastrointestinal nematodes are highly significant to livestock production and people's health, and natural products are interesting as sources of new drugs. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of extracts derived from these plants in treating parasitic infections using third-stage infective larvae (L3) of Strongyloides venezuelensis.

Chemical Constituents from Stem Bark and Their Antimicrobial Activities.

The phytochemical investigation of the ethylacetate fraction of an ethanolic extract obtained from the stem bark of (Moraceae) led to the isolation of four flavonoids: (2)-eriodictyol (), 2'- hydroxygenistein (), erycibenin A (), and genistein (); a dihydrobenzofuran: moracin P (); a coumarin: peucedanol (); and an apocarotenoid terpenoid: dihydrophaseic acid (). These were identified via 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and ultra-high-resolution liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (UHPLC-QTOF MS). Moracin P () is being reported for the first time in the genus while the others are known compounds ( and ) isolated previously from the genus but being reported for the first time from the species .

Gakolanone: a new benzophenone derivative from Heckel stem-bark.

Gakolanone (3',5'-digeranyl-2',4',6',3-tetrahydroxybenzophenone; ), a novel benzophenone derivative was isolated from the hexane extract of Heckel stem-bark along with three known 3-8'' linked biflavonoids: 3'',4',4''',5,5'',7,7''-heptahydroxy-3,8''-biflavanone (); 3'',4',5,5'',5''',7,7''-heptahydroxy-4-methoxy-3,8''-biflavanone () and 4',4''',5,5'',7,7''-hexahydroxy-3,8''-biflavanone () from the ethanol extract. The compounds were characterized primarily using 1 D and 2 D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry and by comparing with literature. The compounds were subjected to alpha-amylase enzyme inhibitory assay using DNSA (3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid) reagent with acarbose used as the standard drug.

Isolation and antiproliferative activity of triterpenoids and fatty acids from the leaves and stem of Turraea vogelii Hook. f. ex benth.

Chloroform extract from the leaves of Turraea vogelii Hook f. ex Benth demonstrated cytotoxic activity against a chronic myelogenous leukemia cell, K-562 with IC of 14.27 μg/mL, while chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts from the stem of the plant inhibited K-562 cells growth with IC of 19.

Isolation and antiproliferative activity of chemical constituents from Asystasia buettneri Lindau.

N-hexane and methanol extracts of Asystasia buettneri Lindau aerial parts exhibited antiproliferative activity on leukaemia blood carcinoma, K-562. Hexadecane (1), 1,3-propan-2-ol (9Z,12'Z,15″Z)-bis(doeicos-9,12,15-trienoate) (2), hydrocarbon, 2,3,3,10,23-pentamethyl tetraeicos-10,13,16-trien-1-ol (3), hexadecanoic acid (4) and taraxerol (5) were isolated from n-hexane extract; stigmasterol (6) and (Z)-9-octadecenoic acid (7) were isolated from ethyl acetate extract; while unsaturated hydrocarbons, octadecene (8), 8-methyl tetradec-6-ene (9) and 19-methyl eicos-1-ene (10), fatty acids, (Z)-5-hexadecenoic acid (11), 11,22-dimethyl ethyltrieicos-11-enoate (12) and taraxasterol (13) were isolated from methanol extract of the plant. Compounds 4, 5, 7, 11, 12 and 13 exhibited antiproliferative activity against K-562, while compounds 5, 6, 7 and 9 revealed antiproliferative activity by inhibiting hepatic liver (WRL68) cell lines.

Cytotoxic Activity of Crude Extracts as well as of Pure Components from Jatropha Species, Plants Used Extensively in African Traditional Medicine.

Extracts from Jatropha curcas, a plant used in African traditional medicine for various diseases, were tested for cytotoxic activity. The root extracts strongly reduced cell growth of tumor cells in vitro, a result consistent with the knowledge of the application of these plant extracts in traditional medicine, especially to cure/ameliorate cancer. A selection of pure diterpenoids existing in extracts from Jatropha species and isolated from J.

Spirocurcasone, a diterpenoid with a novel carbon skeleton from Jatropha curcas.

Spirocurcasone (14), a diterpenoid possessing the unprecedented "spirorhamnofolane" skeleton, was isolated from the root barks of Jatropha curcas, a plant extensively cultivated throughout the world, along with 11 known and two other new diterpenoids. The stereostructure of spirocurcasone was established using HRESIMS, NMR, and quantum mechanical calculation of the electronic circular dichroic (ECD) spectrum. Some of the isolated diterpenoids showed a potent activity against L5178Y, a mouse lymphoma cell line.

Chemical composition, toxicity and larvicidal activity of the essential oil from the whole plant of Acalypha segetalis from south-west Nigeria.

The chemical composition of the essential oil from the whole plant of Acalypha segetalis Muell. Arg. was analyzed by GC and GC/MS.

Antibacterial diterpenoids from Jatropha podagrica Hook.

Japodagrin (1) and japodagrone (2), two macrocylic diterpenoids possessing lathyrane and jatrophane skeletons, respectively, have been isolated from the root of Jatropha podagrica Hook. Four other diterpenoids (3-6) were also isolated from this plant. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of NMR and HRMS analysis, and by spectral comparisons.