An integrated assessment of land-use change impact, seasonal variation of pollution indices and human health risk of selected toxic elements in sediments of River Atuwara, Nigeria.

River sediments contain environmental fingerprints that provide useful ecological information. However, the geochemistry of River Atuwara sediments has received less attention over the years. One hundred and twenty-six sediments from 21 locations were collected over a two-season period from River Atuwara, and a detailed investigation of the land use and land cover (LULC) change between 1990 and 2019, analysis of selected toxic and potentially toxic metal(oid)s (TPTM) (Cu, As, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Zn, Fe, Co and Al) using ICP-OES, pollution index assessment, potential source identification (using center log-transformation approach), potential ecological, and human health risk assessment were conducted.