Fertility protective effects of Brillantaisia patula leaf extract against cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian damage in Wistar rats.

Background: The primary indication of infertility is the incapacity to conceive, and in females, the majority of instances of female infertility stem from ovulation disorders. This study evaluated the female fertility-enhancing effects and safety of aqueous leaf extract of Brillantaisia patula (ALEBP) in a cyclophosphamide (CYP) model of sterility in Wistar rats.

Method: Sixty-six female rats randomly allotted to six groups (n = 11) were administered with the appropriate regimen for 21 days and then mated with male rats.

Protective role of hesperetin in Drosophila melanogaster model of ferrous sulphate-induced toxicity.

The toxicological hazard of iron-containing products is a public health concern that inspires research in identifying and developing readily available, inexpensive antidotes. Natural products, like plant-sourced antioxidants, can be of great value in this regard. Hesperetin a flavonoid abundantly present in citrus fruits is known to possess a diverse pharmacological and antioxidant attribute.

Phytochemical Analysis and Antimalarial Activities of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of on Mice Subjected to .

Malaria airs a life-threatening risk in Tropical African countries, stemming from infection by species. This region is richly endowed by nature with a wealth of diverse and largely unexplored plants that hold the potential for managing this protozoan parasite. The currently accessible over-the-counter drugs for disease management often present affordability challenges for the average person, exacerbated by the parasite's increasing resistance to them.

Neuroinflammatory Response and Redox-regulation Activity of Hyperoside in Manganese-induced Neurotoxicity Model of Wistar Rats.

Background: Excessive manganese exposure can lead to neurotoxicity with detrimental effects on the brain. Neuroinflammatory responses and redox regulation play pivotal roles in this process. Exploring the impact of hyperoside in a Wistar rat model offers insights into potential neuroprotective strategies against manganese-induced neurotoxicity.

Exogenous monosodium glutamate exacerbates lipopolysaccharide-induced neurobehavioral deficits, oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, and cholinergic dysfunction in rat brain.

Extensive experimental evidence points to neuroinflammation and oxidative stress as major pathogenic events that initiate and drive the neurodegenerative process. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a widely used food additive in processed foods known for its umami taste-enhancing properties. However, concerns about its potential adverse effects on the brain have been raised.

Beet leaf (beta vulgaris L.) extract attenuates iron-induced testicular toxicity: Experimental and computational approach.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of Beta vulgaris leaf extract (BVLE) on Fe2+-induced oxidative testicular damage via experimental and computational models. Oxidative testicular damage was induced via incubation of testicular tissue supernatant with 0.1 mM FeSO4 for 30 min at 37 °C.

Identification of potential inhibitors of cholinergic and β-secretase enzymes from phytochemicals derived from Gongronema latifolium Benth leaf: an integrated computational analysis.

Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are associated with increased activities of the brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and β-secretase enzyme (BACE1). Inhibition of these enzymes affords therapeutic option for managing NDDs such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Although, Gongronema latifolium Benth (GL) has been widely documented in ethnopharmacological and scientific reports for the management of NDDs, there is paucity of information on its underlying mechanism and neurotherapeutic constituents.

Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-rich fraction demonstrated efficacy against infectious, secretory, and osmotic models of diarrhoeal rats.

Background: The prevalence of diarrhoea remains high despite efforts by governments and NGOs to reverse trend. This study investigated the antidiarrhoeal activity and mechanism of Spondias mombin leaf fraction rich in quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Q3G-RF) because of the acclaimed therapeutic efficacy. Secretory, osmotic, and infectious diarrhoea models using castor oil, magnesium sulphate, and Shigella flexneri respectively were evaluated at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg in Wistar rats.

Nutritional benefits, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties and toxicity of Spondias mombin Linn: a comprehensive review.

Objectives: Spondias mombin is traditionally used as an herbal medicine for several human diseases and ailments in the tropical regions across the globe including the African countries. This study aimed to provide comprehensive information on nutritional benefits, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical constituents, pharmacological properties and toxicology study of S. mombin.

An assessment of the ameliorative role of hesperidin in Drosophila melanogaster model of cadmium chloride-induced toxicity.

Cadmium chloride (CdCl) is an important heavy metal widely regarded as an environmental contaminant. Hesperidin, a flavanone glycoside found in citrus fruits, has an established properties against free radicals, apoptosis, and inflammation. The present study investigated the protective actions of hesperidin on CdCl-induced oxidative damage and inflammation in Drosophila melanogaster.

Quercetin-3-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside-Rich Fraction from Leaves Halted Responses from Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, Apoptosis, and Lipid Peroxidation in the Brain of Dichlorvos-Treated Wistar Rats.

Dichlorvos (2,3-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate or DDVP), is a popular organophosphate (OP) with several domestic, industrial, and agricultural uses and applications in developing countries [...

Fadogia agrestis (Schweinf. Ex Hiern) Stem Extract Restores Selected Biomolecules of Erectile Dysfunction in the Testicular and Penile Tissues of Paroxetine-Treated Wistar Rats.

Inadequate release of nitric oxide (NO) by the penile tissue impacts negatively on penile erection causing erectile dysfunction (ED). Fadogia agrestis has been implicated in the management of ED without information on key biomolecules associated with ED in male rats. Therefore, this study evaluated the influence of aqueous extract of Fadogia agrestis stem (AEFAS) on key biomolecules associated with ED in the penile and testicular tissues of male Wistar rats induced with ED by paroxetine.

Antimalarial phytochemicals as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 guanine N7-methyltransferase (nsp 14): an integrated computational approach.

The inhibition of capping enzymes such as guanine-N7-methyltransferase (GMT) is an attractive target for regulating viral replication, transcription, virulence, and pathogenesis. Thus, compounds that target the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 GMT (S2GMT) will enhance drug development against COVID-19. In this study, an in-house library of 249 phytochemicals from African medicinal plants was screened using computational approaches including homology modeling, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulations, binding free energy calculations based on molecular mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MMPBSA) and Absorption-Distribution-Metabolism-Excretion-Toxicity (ADMET) analysis for inhibitors of S2GMT.

African derived phytocompounds may interfere with SARS-CoV-2 RNA capping machinery via inhibition of 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase: An perspective.

Despite the ongoing vaccination against the life-threatening COVID-19, there is need for viable therapeutic interventions. The S-adenosyl-l-Methionine (SAM) dependent 2-O'-ribose methyltransferase (2'-O-MTase) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) presents a therapeutic target against COVID-19 infection. In a bid to profile bioactive principles from natural sources, a custom-made library of 226 phytochemicals from African medicinal plants with especially anti-malarial activity was screened for direct interactions with SARS-CoV-2 2'-O-MTase (S2RMT) using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations as well as binding free energies methods.

SARS-CoV-2 host cell entry: an in silico investigation of potential inhibitory roles of terpenoids.

Background: Targeting viral cell entry proteins is an emerging therapeutic strategy for inhibiting the first stage of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, 106 bioactive terpenoids from African medicinal plants were screened through molecular docking analysis against human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2), human transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), and the spike (S) proteins of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV. In silico absorption-distribution-metabolism-excretion-toxicity (ADMET) and drug-likeness prediction, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, binding free energy calculations, and clustering analysis of MD simulation trajectories were performed on the top docked terpenoids to respective protein targets.

Alkaloids and flavonoids from African phytochemicals as potential inhibitors of SARS-Cov-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase: an perspective.

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Exploiting the potentials of phytocompounds is an integral component of the international response to this pandemic. In this study, a virtual screening through molecular docking analysis was used to screen a total of 226 bioactive compounds from African herbs and medicinal plants for direct interactions with SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp).

Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 cell entry: insight from interaction of drug-like alkaloids with spike glycoprotein, human ACE2, and TMPRSS2.

COVID-19 is a respiratory disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, an enveloped positive sense RNA virus. The SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and human transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) are essential for the host cell-mediated viral entry. Targeting these proteins represent viable options to stop the first stage of infection and transmission.

Potential inhibitors of coronavirus 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CL): an screening of alkaloids and terpenoids from African medicinal plants.

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-COV-2 has raised myriad of global concerns. There is currently no FDA approved antiviral strategy to alleviate the disease burden. The conserved 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CL), which controls coronavirus replication is a promising drug target for combating the coronavirus infection.