Changing trend in the management of omphalocoele in a tertiary hospital of a middle-income country.

Background: The peri-operative management of omphalocoele in low- and middle-income countries is challenging owing to non-availability of neonatal intensive care units and equipment needed for the care of this anomaly.

Aim: This study examined our experience in the management of omphalocoele and compared the pattern and outcome with a similar study from the same centre conducted four decades ago.

Methods: A retrospective study of neonates managed for omphalocoele from 2003 to 2017 (Group A) was performed.

Experience with the management of anorectal malformations in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Introduction: anorectal malformation is a multi-systemic birth defect of the distal gastrointestinal tract, the management of which is challenging to the surgeons, the patients and the parents. The presence of associated congenital malformations may worsen the outcome with consequent psychosocial effects on the patients and the parents. The characteristics of anorectal malformations with the challenges associated with their management and the outcomes are therefore presented here.

Clinicopathologic Features of Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma and Treatment Outcomes in Ibadan, Nigeria: A 10-year Review.

The objectives of this study were to describe the clinicopathologic features and treatment outcomes of childhood rhabdomyosarcoma in a resource-constrained setting. All cases of childhood rhabdomyosarcoma seen over a 10-year period (July 2006 to June 2016) at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria were reviewed. Data were extracted from the database of the pediatric Hematology/Oncology Unit of the hospital and analyzed.

The cost-effectiveness of treating childhood cancer in 4 centers across sub-Saharan Africa.

Background: The treatment of childhood cancer often is assumed to be costly in African settings, thereby limiting advocacy and policy efforts. The authors determined the cost and cost-effectiveness of maintaining childhood cancer centers across 4 hospitals throughout sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods: Within hospitals representing 4 countries (Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe), cost was determined either retrospectively or prospectively for all inputs related to operating a pediatric cancer unit (eg, laboratory costs, medications, and salaries).

Management outcome of thyroglossal cyst in a tertiary health center in Southwest Nigeria.

Thyroglossal duct cyst is a non-odontogenic congenital developmental cyst. It is predominantly a midline anterior neck swelling in children and total excision of the tracts prevents recurrence. Retrospective hospital record analysis of patients managed with histopathology results of thyroglossal cyst between 2003 and 2018.

Typhoid Caecal Perforation in a Two-Year Old Child: A Case Report.

Background: Typhoid fever afflicts people of low socioeconomic status in developing nations. Although ileal perforation is a common complication of typhoid fever in tropical Africa, caecal perforations related to typhoid fever are uncommon. They present atypically in children under of five years old.

Outcome of Management of Neonatal Intestinal Obstruction at a Tertiary Center in Nigeria.

Background: Intestinal obstruction in a newborn remains a significant emergency in pediatric surgery. Clinical presentation is often subtle with sudden deterioration of their clinical states. Clinical outcome in the developing countries is poor owing to a variety of factors.

Spindle Epithelial Tumor of Thymus-like Differentiation (SETTLE) in a 3-year-old African girl.

Spindle epithelial tumor with thymus-like differentiation (SETTLE) is a rare tumor of the thyroid gland occurring in children and young adults. This report presents SETTLE as a tumor that can also affect young children (under fives). Although majority of the reports were in Caucasians, the tumor can affect all races.

Positioning the Umbilicus in African Newborns with Large Anterior Abdominal Wall Defects.

Objective: We tried to determine the normal position of the umbilicus in African newborns with a potential application in aesthetically acceptable umbilical reconstruction.

Subjects And Methods: The study involves a cross-sectional study of 896 healthy neonates who underwent clinical abdominal examination and measurement of the distances between the xiphoid process and the umbilicus (XU), xiphoid process and the pubis (XP), umbilicus and the pubis (UP), umbilicus and the anterior superior iliac spine (UASIS), abdominal girth (AG), and inter anterior superior iliac spines (IASIS) distance. The gestational age at delivery, age at measurement, sex, AG measured across the umbilicus, birth weight (BW), body length, and body mass index of the newborns were recorded.

Comparison between testicular volumes as measured with prader orchidometer and ultrasonography in Healthy Nigerian Newborns.

Background: We compared the testicular volume (TV) measured with Prader orchidometer (PO) to the volume measured with ultrasonography in male neonates and their relationships with some selected neonatal characteristics.

Subjects And Methods: A cross-sectional study of all term male neonates who had clinical examination of their external genitalia performed and TV was measured using PO and ultrasonography. Information about the gestational age, birth weight, and birth length was also recorded to determine their relationships with TV measured.

Childhood intussusception: Impact of delay in presentation in a developing country.

Background: The classical cases of intussusception are readily diagnosed clinically, and despite recent improvements in radiological techniques, the diagnosis of intussusception and success in its nonoperative reduction has been suboptimal, thus making operative management a veritable backup. This study examined the impact of delays in presentation on the rate of bowel resection, length of hospital stay, and appraised the outcome of operative treatment.

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective study of consecutive children admitted and treated surgically for intussusception between January 2002 and December 2011 at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Childhood intussusception: A prospective study of management trend in a developing country.

Background: The management of intussusception has evolved universally from the use of hydrostatic reduction through operative reduction to the use of pneumatic reduction for the acute and uncomplicated cases and surgical reduction for the complicated cases. However, the process of evolution has been very slow in the developing countries, especially sub-Saharan Africa, due to lack of requisite facilities and expertise to manage these patients nonoperatively. This study examined the trends in the management of childhood intussusception in a developing country, compared operative and nonoperative modalities of treatment, and assessed the impact of delayed presentation on the outcome of management.

Spectrum of colorectal surgery operations performed in a single paediatric surgery unit in sub-Saharan Africa.

Background: Colorectal surgery is a budding subspecialty of paediatric surgery and typifies the advances in the management of surgical conditions in children. The colorectal burden in resource poor settings, though reported to be challenging, remains undocumented. The aim of the present study was to review the typical operative paediatric colorectal caseload in a single centre in sub-Saharan Africa.

Intestinal stenosis caused by perinatal intussusception in a full-term neonate.

Perinatal intussusception is rare, but can be seen in both premature and full-term neonates. The symptoms and signs are similar to those seen in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), causing the diagnosis of intussusception to be delayed. We report a case of intussusception that presented with features suggestive of NEC in a 3.