A community action network-based intervention for improving knowledge of zoonoses among wildlife hunters and traders in Epe, Lagos, Nigeria.

The West Africa One Health project is a multi-country project designed to utilise the One Health approach and deploy the Community Action Networks (CAN), a concept rooted in the principles of community-based participatory research, to improve knowledge of high-risk communities on zoonoses. The majority of emerging zoonoses occur at the human-wildlife interface, of which wildlife hunters and traders are critical stakeholders. We assessed the effectiveness of a CAN-based intervention involving the use of a video documentary and case studies as model tools in improving the knowledge of zoonoses among wildlife hunters and traders in Epe, an established hunting community in Lagos State, Nigeria.

Ovicidal and miracicidal activities of Calotropis procera and its green-synthesized nanotized derivative: A quest for new antifasciola agents.

Fascioliasis is an important zoonotic disease but treatment with the mainstay drugs poses challenge of parasite resistance. The aim of the study was to determine the anthelmintic efficacy of ethanolic leaf extract of Calotropis procera (CP) and its synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against the eggs and miracidia of Fasciola species. The ethanolic extract of C.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils and sediments in Southwest Nigeria.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons are strongly associated with agricultural, residential, transportation, and industrial activities. This study determined by GC-MS the concentration of 15 PAHs in soil and sediments at different sites from the Awotan-Asunle dumpsite area in the Southwestern region of Nigeria, which is one of the largest dumpsites in Africa. The sources of contamination, toxicity and associated risks for human health were also evaluated.

Inhibitory Activities of Ethanolic Extracts of Two Macrofungi Against Eggs and Miracidia of Spp.

Fascioliasis is a disease of livestock which is now recognized as an emerging disease in humans. and are known for their medicinal properties. The use of ethanolic extracts of these macrofungi against the eggs and miracidia of spp.

Risk assessment and source identification of heavy metal contamination by multivariate and hazard index analyses of a pipeline vandalised area in Lagos State, Nigeria.

Petroleum contamination is a significant contributor of elevated level of toxic heavy metals, which are of great concern to human health, due to their non-biodegradable nature. Agaye community has experienced frequent gasoline spills due to pipeline vandalisation, resulting in the contamination of soil and water sources. The concentrations of metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn) in groundwater, surface-water and soil were determined from a total of 216 samples acquired bi-monthly for two years by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) to evaluate the impact of oil spills.

Poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based artesunate nanoparticles: formulation, antimalarial and toxicity assessments.

Objective: The aim of this study was to formulate polymer-based artesunate nanoparticles for malaria treatment.

Methods: Artesunate was loaded with poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) by solvent evaporation from an oil-in-water single emulsion. Nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry analyses.

Antiplasmodial Activity and Toxicological Assessment of Curcumin PLGA-Encapsulated Nanoparticles.

Curcumin is a polyphenolic pigment isolated from the rhizomes of (turmeric), a medicinal plant widely used in the ancient Indian and Chinese medicine. The antiplasmodial activity of curcumin is often hampered by its fast metabolism and poor water solubility, thus its incorporation into a delivery system could circumvent this problem. This study aimed to evaluate the antiplasmodial activity and the toxicity assessment of curcumin incorporated into poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles.

Interactions between gastrointestinal parasitism and pneumonia in Nigerian goats.

This study was carried out to determine the burden and interactions between parasitism and pneumonia in Nigerian goats. A total of 430 goats were examined for gastrointestinal (GIT) parasites by faecal analysis using sedimentation by gravity, Modified Winconsin sugar floatation method, McMaster egg counting techniques and for lung consolidation, pathology and morphometry of pneumonia were evaluated by standard techniques. The results from the faecal examination revealed the presence of nine (9) gastrointestinal parasites namely , , , , , and species and at an overall high prevalence of 74% species was found to have the highest prevalence of 26% for single infection, while co-infection of and species 21% was highest amongst other parasites, and of the breeds of goats examined for GIT parasites, the Red Sokoto (RS) breed had the highest infection rate 37%.

Molluscicidal activities of curcumin-nisin polylactic acid nanoparticle on Biomphalaria pfeifferi.

Background: Snail intermediate host control is a widely canvassed strategy for schistosomiasis control in endemic countries. While there have been increasing studies on the search for potent molluscicides in the past years, the use of nanoparticulate agents as molluscicides is yet to gain wide attention. The aim of this study was to assess the molluscicidal potential of curcumin-nisin poly lactic acid (PLA) entrapped nanoparticle (CurNisNp) against Biomphalaria pfeifferi, a snail intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni.

Acquisition, maintenance and adaptation of invasion inhibitory antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum invasion ligands involved in immune evasion.

Erythrocyte-binding antigens (EBAs) and P. falciparum reticulocyte-binding homologue proteins (PfRhs) are two important protein families that can vary in expression and utilization by P. falciparum to evade inhibitory antibodies.

In-vivo antimalarial activity of aqueous leaf and bark extracts of against in mice.

The control of malaria relies on the use of chemical antimalarial, but the development of resistance necessitates research into alternatives. (L.) Blume is used in Nigerian folklore medicine for the treatment of malaria.

Anti-Schistosoma IgG responses in Schistosoma haematobium single and concomitant infection with malaria parasites.

Areas prone to schistosomiasis are also at risk of malaria transmission. The interaction between the causal agents of the two diseases could modulate immune responses tailored toward protecting or aggravating morbidity dynamics and impair Schistosoma diagnostic precision. This study aimed at assessing the effect of Plasmodium spp.

Serum Micronutrients in Helminth-infected Pregnant Women and Children: Suggestions for Differential Supplementation During Anti-helminthic Treatment.

Background: The prevalence of helminth infection, which is known to affect nutritional status of the host, varies with age. The complex interplay between ages, nutrient requirements, and infection necessitated the need to recommend micronutrient supplementation during helminth infection among different age groups.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of alteration in selected micronutrients in pregnant women and preschool- and school-aged children with helminth infection.

Serum Levels of Cytokines and IgE in Helminth-Infected Nigerian Pregnant Women and Children.

Background: Helminth infection is an important health challenge. Because of modulation of the immune response toward T-helper 2 (Th2) cells, the immunologic interplay that manifest during the coexistence of helminth infection with other conditions is still poorly understood.

Objective: This study determined the pattern of alteration in selected cytokines and immunoglobulin E (IgE) in pregnant women, preschool aged children, and school-aged children with helminth infection compared with uninfected groups.

Persistent Transmission of Schistosomiasis in Southwest Nigeria: Contexts of Culture and Contact with Infected River Water.

Transmission of schistosomiasis is aided by human behaviour. Globally, about 800 million people are at risk of schistosomiasis infection. Data exist on biomedical understanding of the disease transmission; there is a dearth of information from the social science perspective.

Renal related disorders in concomitant Schistosoma haematobium-Plasmodium falciparum infection among children in a rural community of Nigeria.

Schistosomiasis and malaria are two common parasitic diseases that are co-endemic in resource-poor communities of sub-Saharan Africa. This study aims to assess the effects of single and concomitant Plasmodium falciparum and Schistosoma haematobium infections on two indicators of renal injury in school children in a rural community of Nigeria. A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was carried out on a total of 173 schoolchildren between ages 6 and 18 years (mean age 11.

A cross-sectional study on urogenital schistosomiasis in children; haematuria and proteinuria as diagnostic indicators in an endemic rural area of Nigeria.

Background: Rapid and accurate diagnosis is necessary for the management of schistosomiasis in endemic areas.

Objective: To assess the burden of urogenital schistosomiasis and the diagnostic efficiency of morbidity indicators of the disease in an endemic rural community of Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted.

Lymphatic filariasis and associated morbidities in rural communities of Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria.

Lymphatic filariasis caused by Wuchereria bancrofti is a serious public health problem in rural communities of Nigeria. The study assessed the prevalence of lymphatic filariasis and associated clinical morbidities in Ado-Odo Ota Local Government Area of Ogun State. Microscopic examination of thick blood smears of 500 participants of both sexes and age ranging from 1 to 79 years was conducted.

Hospital waste incinerator bottom ash leachate induced cyto-genotoxicity in Allium cepa and reproductive toxicity in mice.

The potentials of hospital incinerator bottom ash leachate (HIBAL) to induce cyto-genotoxicity in Allium cepa and reproductive anomalies in the mouse were investigated. The leachate obtained from simulation of the bottom ash was analyzed for some physico-chemical parameters. The A.

Fine specificity of anti-MSP119 antibodies and multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 types in individuals in Nigeria with sub-microscopic infection.

Background: The absence of antibodies specific for the 19 kDa C-terminal domain of merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP119) has been associated with high-density malaria parasitaemia in African populations. The hypothesis that a high prevalence and/or level of anti-MSP119 antibodies that may inhibit erythrocyte invasion would be present in apparently healthy individuals who harbour a sub-microscopic malaria infection was tested in this study.

Methods: Plasma samples were collected from residents in a region in Nigeria hyperendemic for malaria, who had no detectable parasitaemia by microscopy.

An investigation of the disposal of dental clinical waste in Ibadan City, south-west Nigeria.

This study investigated the disposal of dental clinical waste in and from dental surgeries in Ibadan, south-west Nigeria and followed the waste trail to the rubbish tips. A questionnaire was sent to 130 dentists in dental practices in Ibadan city. Rubbish collectors and scavengers were interviewed to see if they encountered clinical dental waste.