EUS-FNA of enlarged necrotic lymph nodes may cause infectious mediastinitis.

Transesophageal endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is a minimally invasive technique to investigate the mediastinum. Although EUS-FNA can be considered in general as a safe technique, complications do occur. We here report an infectious complication of EUS-FNA that occurred after puncture of a large malignant necrotic mediastinal lymph node.