Isolation, characterization and anti-inflammatory activity of compounds from the .

The need to explore the abundance of natural products cannot be overemphasized particularly in the management of various disease conditions. In traditional medical practice, has been widely adopted in the management of various inflammatory disorders. The objective of this investigation was to isolate the bioactive principles from the stem-bark and root of and assess the anti-inflammatory () activity of both the crude extracts and the isolated compounds.

Telfairia occidentalis mitigates dextran sodium sulfate-induced ulcerative colitis in rats via suppression of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and inflammation.

Ulcerative colitis (UC), a subcategory of inflammatory bowel diseases, affects more than 2 million people globally. This study sought to investigate the curative ability of aqueous leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis (ATO) on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-mediated colitis in rats. UC was induced by 5% of DSS in drinking water, and the curative ability of ATO was assessed at 200 mg/kg by oral administration for 10 days.

Covid-19 treatment: Investigation on the phytochemical constituents of as potential Coronavirus-2 inhibitors.

The upsurge in the current cases of COVID-19 poses a major threat on human health and population all over the globe. The emergence of new infectious diseases and increase in frequency of drug resistant viruses demand effective and novel therapeutic agents. In this study, we used bioinformatics approach to investigate the possible inhibitory potentials of phytochemical constituents of towards coronavirus-2 major protease.

Toxicity assessment of sub-acute and sub-chronic oral administration and diuretic potential of aqueous extract of calyces.

Background: Food and herbal usage of (HS) is attaining improved global relevance and acceptance without recourse to its potential toxic effects. This study investigated the safety profile of acute, sub-acute, sub-chronic administrations and diuretic potential of aqueous extract of calyces (AEHSC).

Method: Acute oral toxicity, sub-acute and sub-chronic toxicity as well as diuretic studies were carried out on HS.

A systematic review on COVID-19 pandemic with special emphasis on curative potentials of Nigeria based medicinal plants.

Despite the frightening mortality rate associated with COVID-19, there is no known approved drug to effectively combat the pandemic. COVID-19 clinical manifestations include fever, fatigue, cough, shortness of breath, and other complications. At present, there is no known effective treatment or vaccine that can mitigate/inhibit SARS-CoV-2.

Hydro-Ethanolic Fruit Extract of Reversed Triton-X-100-Induced Hyperlipidaemia in Rats.

This study evaluates the anti-hyperlipidaemic and antioxidant activities of hydro-ethanolic fruits extract of in hyperlipidemia rats. The secondary volatile metabolite constituents of the extract were identified using Gas chromatography. antioxidant activity of the extract (0.

Lophirones B and C prevent aflatoxin B1-induced oxidative stress and DNA fragmentation in rat hepatocytes.

Context Despite the reported anticarcinogenic activity of lophirones B and C, no scientific information exists for its activity in rat hepatocytes. Objective Effect of lophirones B and C on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced oxidative stress, and DNA fragmentation in rat hepatocytes was investigated. Materials and methods Wistar rat hepatocytes were incubated with lophirones B and C (1 mg/mL) or sylimarin (1 mg/mL) in the presence or absence of AFB1.

Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx palliates insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and oxidative rout in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome rats.

Background: The effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx extract was evaluated in high-fructose-induced metabolic syndrome rats. Insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and oxidative rout were induced in rats using high-fructose diet. High-fructose diet-fed rats were administered 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) body weight of H.

Antidiarrhoeal Activity of Musa paradisiaca Sap in Wistar Rats.

The folkloric claim of Musa paradisiaca sap in the management of diarrhoea is yet to be substantiated or refuted with scientific data. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to screen the sap of M. paradisiaca for both its secondary metabolites and antidiarrhoeal activity at 0.

Lophirones B and C extenuate AFB1-mediated oxidative onslaught on cellular proteins, lipids, and DNA through Nrf-2 expression.

The capability of lophirones B and C to extenuate aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-mediated onslaught on cellular proteins, lipids, and DNA was investigated for 6 weeks. Lophirones B and C significantly (P < 0.05) increase the expression and specific activity of cytoprotective enzymes (glutathione-S-trans-ferase, nioctinamide adenine dicludeotide:quinone oxidoreductase-1, epoxide hydrolase, and uridyl glucuronosyl transferase).

Selected spices and their combination modulate hypercholesterolemia-induced oxidative stress in experimental rats.

Background: Effect of aqueous extracts of Allium sativum (garlic), Zingiber officinale (ginger), Capsicum fructensces (cayenne pepper) and their mixture on oxidative stress in rats fed high Cholesterol/high fat diet was investigated. Rats were randomly distributed into six groups (n=6) and given different dietary/spice treatments. Group 1 standard rat chow (control), group 2, hypercholesterolemic diet plus water, and groups 3, 4, 5, 6, hypercholesterolemic diet with 0.

Cytotoxic, antimutagenic, and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract and chalcone dimers (lophirones B and C) derived from Lophira alata (Van Tiegh. Ex Keay) stem bark.

The cytotoxic, antimutagenic, and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract and lophirones B and C derived from Lophira alata stem bark were evaluated. The extract and lophirones B and C significantly (P < .05) reduced the viability of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells.

Cytotoxic activity of aqueous extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus and Terminalia avicennioides root barks against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells.

Objectives: Folkloric claims on the use of a mixture of Anogeissus leiocarpus and Terminalia avicennioides root barks in tumor management exist without scientific evidence. This study aimed at investigating the phytochemical constituents and in vitro antiproliferative activity of these plants and their mixture.

Materials And Methods: Phytochemical screening was carried out on the aqueous extracts after which various concentrations (0 to 1 000 μg/ml) were incubated with Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell lines for 3 and 24 hours.

Electrophilic and reactive oxygen species detoxification potentials of chalcone dimers is mediated by redox transcription factor Nrf-2.

Nuclear erythroid related factor-2 (Nrf2), a redox-transcription factor, plays a critical role in the detoxification of electrophilic and reactive oxygen species that halt various biochemical and molecular processes. This makes it a candidate for regulation by polyphenols. This study investigates the capability of chalcone dimers (lophirones B and C) to induce expressions and activities of cytoprotective enzymes.

Diethylnitrosamine-induced redox imbalance in rat microsomes: protective role of polyphenolic-rich extract from Sorghum bicolor grains.

Background: This study investigates the protective role of polyphenolic-rich extract from Sorghum bicolor against diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced redox imbalance in rat microsomes.

Methods: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging potentials of the polyphenolic extract from S. bicolor (0.

Pro-sexual effects of aqueous extracts of Massularia acuminata root in male Wistar rats.

Aqueous extract of Massularia acuminata root at the doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) body weight was investigated for its effect on sexual behaviour in male Wistar rats. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, saponins, phenolics, flavonoids and tannins in the extract. The increased (P < 0.

Effect of Escherichia coli endotoxin on Archachatina marginata hemolymph coagulation system.

Context: Archachatina marginata Swainson (Achatinidae) is found in Nigeria, West Africa. Its hemolymph is applied as a disinfectant to blades and fresh cuts of circumcision in Yorubaland. The hemolymph is also used in traditional medicine practice.

Antioxidant and drug detoxification potentials of Hibiscus sabdariffa anthocyanin extract.

The antioxidant and drug metabolizing potentials of Hibiscus anthocyanin extract in CCl(4)- induced oxidative damage of rat liver was investigated. Hibiscus anthocyanin extract effectively scavenge α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, superoxide ion, and hydrogen peroxide. It produced a 92% scavenging effect of DPPH radical at a concentration of 2.

Antioxidant and drug detoxification potential of aqueous extract of Annona senegalensis leaves in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatocellular damage.

Context:  Despite the myriad uses of Annona senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae) leaves in folklore medicine of Nigeria, the basis is yet to be substantiated by scientific investigations.

Objectives:  To investigate the antioxidant (in vitro and in vivo) and drug detoxification potential of aqueous extract of A.

Aqueous extract of Securidaca longepedunculata root induce redox imbalance in male rat liver and kidney.

The effect of aqueous extract of Securidaca longepedunculata root on redox homeostasis in male rat liver and kidney was investigated. Rats were grouped into four: A, B, C and D, where A (the control) received orally 1 mL of distilled water; B, C and D (test groups) received orally 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight of the extract, respectively, for 28 days. Extract administration significantly reduced (p < .

Toxicological evaluation of Tetracarpidium conophorum nut oil-based diet in rats.

The effects of Tetracarpidium conophorum nut oil-based diet on the growth performance and some biochemical constituents of rat tissues was investigated following a feeding period of 6 weeks. The results revealed that the volume of water taken, the amount of feed consumed and the weight gained by the animals maintained on the nut oil-based diet were not significantly (P>0.05) different from those fed on soybean oil-based diet.

Physicochemical properties of the oil from the fruit of Blighia sapida and toxicological evaluation of the oil-based diet in Wistar rats.

The physicochemical properties of the oil from the fruit of Blighia sapida and the toxicological effect of the oil-based diet on some biochemical parameters of selected rat tissues and serum were studied. The smoke, flash, and fire points as well as peroxide, iodine, and acid values of the fruit oil were significantly lower (P < .05), whereas the specific gravity, relative density, saponification, and ester values compared well with soybean oil.

Toxicological implications of aqueous extract of Bambusa vulgaris leaves in pregnant Dutch rabbits.

Aqueous extract of Bambusa vulgaris L. leaves at 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight was investigated for toxic effects in pregnant rabbits. Apparently healthy, female rabbits (Dutch) weighing between 1.

Mode of cellular toxicity of aqueous extract of Fadogia agrestis (Schweinf. Ex Hiern) stem in male rat liver and kidney.

The mode of cellular toxicity of aqueous extract of Fadogia agrestis stem in male rats was investigated. Rats were grouped into four: A, B, C and D where A (the control) received orally 1 mL of distilled water; B, C and D (test groups) received orally 18, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight of the extract, respectively, for 28 days. Infrared spectroscopy indicated the presence of hydroxyl (OH) and primary amine (CONH).

Acetaminophen perturbed redox homeostasis in Wistar rat liver: protective role of aqueous Pterocarpus osun leaf extract.

This study investigates the in vitro antioxidant potentials and attenuation of acetaminophen-induced redox imbalance by Pterocarpus osun Craib (Fabaceae) leaf in Wistar rat liver. The in vitro antioxidant activity of the extract (0.2-1.