Effect of litter management systems on incidence and severity of footpad dermatitis among broilers at finisher stage.

Pododermatitis, or footpad dermatitis (FPD), is a welfare concern affecting broiler chickens globally. In the humid tropics, where high temperatures and humidity prevail, the impact of pododermatitis on broiler performance characteristics and behavior becomes even more significant hence this investigation. One hundred and eighty male broilers were used for this experiment out of 200 birds initially procured at day old.

1-h Glucose During Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Predicts Hyperglycemia Relapse-Free Survival in Obese Black Patients With Hyperglycemic Crises.

Objective: Approximately 50% of obese Black patients with unprovoked diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or severe hyperglycemia (SH) at new-onset diabetes achieve near-normoglycemia remission with intensive insulin treatment. Despite the initial near-normoglycemia remission, most DKA/SH individuals develop hyperglycemia relapse after insulin discontinuation. Traditional biomarkers such as normal glucose tolerance at the time of remission were not predictive of hyperglycemia relapse.

Multi-Drug Resistant , Biosecurity and Anti-Microbial Use in Live Bird Markets, Abeokuta, Nigeria.

Live bird markets (LBM) remain a critical link from farm to fork in the poultry value chain, which oftentimes promotes indiscriminate antimicrobial use (AMU) and resistance (AMR). In this study, we assessed biosecurity practices, AMU, and associated these with multidrug resistant (MDR) in LBMs in Abeokuta, Ogun State. A cross-sectional survey among live bird sellers (LBS) in eight LBMs was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire.

Incidence of synchronous contralateral tonsillar malignancy in a known case of unilateral tonsillar carcinoma.

Objective: The literature is divided with regards to contralateral tonsillectomy in a known/suspected case of ipsilateral tonsillar malignancy. In this study, we evaluate the incidence of indolent synchronous contralateral tonsillar malignancy (SCTC) in patients with known ipsilateral tonsillar malignancy.

Methods: All patients diagnosed with ipsilateral tonsillar carcinoma (TC) at a tertiary teaching center between January 2016 and December 2019 were screened.

Association analysis for resistance to Striga hermonthica in diverse tropical maize inbred lines.

Striga hermonthica is a widespread, destructive parasitic plant that causes substantial yield loss to maize productivity in sub-Saharan Africa. Under severe Striga infestation, yield losses can range from 60 to 100% resulting in abandonment of farmers' lands. Diverse methods have been proposed for Striga management; however, host plant resistance is considered the most effective and affordable to small-scale famers.

Heavy metals concentrations and naturally occurring radionuclides in soils affected by and around a solid waste dumpsite in Osogbo metropolis, Nigeria.

The presence of heavy metals and naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) in high concentrations in soils can be hazardous to exposed humans. This study is aimed at measuring the concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn, Cd, Co, and Cr) and activity concentration of Th, U, and K in soils affected by and around a solid waste dumpsite in Osogbo metropolis, Nigeria. Atomic absorption spectrometry and gamma-ray spectrometric techniques were used to determine the concentrations of metals and NORMs, respectively.

Efficacy of a Smart Insulin Pen Cap for the Management of Patients with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Cross-Over Trial.

Background: We studied a smart insulin pen cap that can be plugged to several brand of insulin pens, to track insulin administration via smart-phone Bluetooth technology, with alarm/reminder system aiming.

Methods: This pilot randomized, cross-over design study assessed the use of a smart insulin pen cap in improving adherence, glycemic control and patient satisfaction in insulin-treated patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. Eighty patients on basal insulin ± oral agents with hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) between 7.

An Assessment of Physicochemical characteristics of Awotan dumpsite in Ibadan, South western Nigeria.

Gaseous emission, particulate emission, biological molecules and other harmful substances discharge into the atmosphere from dumpsite environment. The carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) content of the gaseous emission from different platforms and offsets of the Awotan dump site were measured. P Sense CO2 Meter AZ 7755 was used to measure the level of carbon dioxide gas, temperature and relative humidity.

Energy generation from anaerobic co-digestion of food waste, cow dung and piggery dung.

The study investigated bioenergy generation from anaerobic co-digestion of food wastes (FW), cow dung (CD) and piggery dung (PD). The physicochemical parameters of the substrates were determined before and after digestion following standard procedures after mechanical pretreatment. Throughout the study, pH remained slightly alkaline while temperature varied between 26 and 32 °C.

Expert-level automated malaria diagnosis on routine blood films with deep neural networks.

Over 200 million malaria cases globally lead to half a million deaths annually. Accurate malaria diagnosis remains a challenge. Automated imaging processing approaches to analyze Thick Blood Films (TBF) could provide scalable solutions, for urban healthcare providers in the holoendemic malaria sub-Saharan region.

Comparative analysis of the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines (PACV) short scale and the five categories of vaccine acceptance identified by Gust et al.

Background: There is a need to develop a standardized tool to aid in identifying, measuring and classifying the unique needs of vaccine-hesitant parents (VHPs). This will also assist in designing tailored interventions to address these needs. The Parental Attitude about Childhood Vaccines (PACV) short scale developed by Opel et al.

Oroantral fistula from bisphosphonate induced osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Bisphosphonates like alendronic acid, disodium etidronate, and risedronate are effective for preventing postmenopausal and corticosteroid induced osteoporosis. They are also useful in the treatment of Paget's disease, hypercalcaemia of malignancy and in bony metastases. However osteonecrosis of the jaw has been reported following intravenous bisphosphonate use and rarely in those taking them orally.

Reduction of hippocampal CA 1 neurons in Wistar rats following the administration of phenytoin for seven days.

This study evaluated the neurotoxic effect of parenteral Phenytoin on the Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA 1) region of the Hippocampus in Wistar rats.Twenty wistar rats were randomized into two groups of ten animals each with the experimental group receiving intraperitoneal Phenytoin at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight per day for seven days while the control group had sham injection of normal saline at equivalent volume for the same period. Hippocampal sections were processed for histology using routine paraffin sectioning followed by Heamatoxylin and Eosin staining.

Gross morphological studies on the effect of cyanide on the developing cerebellum of wistar rat (rattus novegicus).

The teratogenic effect of maternal cyanide consumption on the gross morphology of the post-natal phase of the developing rat cerebellum was studied. Twenty pregnant female rats weighing between 170 g and 190 g were separated into control and experimental groups. The control animals were fed a standard diet of mice cubes, while the experimental animals were fed 500 ppm potassium cyanide, mixed with the standard diet.

Histomorphometric studies on the effect of cyanide consumption of the developing cerebellum of wistar rat (Rattus Novergicus).

Objective: To investigate the microscopic effect of maternal cyanide consumption on the developing cerebellum of Wistar rats.

Materials And Methods: Twenty pregnant female rats weighing between 160 g and 180 g were used in this study. The rats were separated into two groups comprising ten control and ten experimental animals.

Wound healing activities of methanolic extracts Ocimum gratissimum leaf in Wistar rats - a preliminary study.

The wound healing effect of leaf extracts of Ocimum gratissimum was investigated in adult male Wistar rats. Two groups of adult male Wistar rats, average body weight 170g, had a 2cm by 2cm square wound inflicted on the dorsolateral aspect of their trunk with Paniculus Carnosus removed. Experimental group had their wound dressed with methanolic leaf extracts of Ocimum gratissimum while control group had their wounds dressed with normal saline dressing.

Enhanced wound contraction in fresh wounds dressed with honey in Wistar rats (Rattus Novergicus).

Background: Due to reports that honey accelerates wound healing, an investigation on its role in wound contraction in fresh wounds inflicted on wistar rats was carried out.

Method: Twenty adult male wistar rats had 2cm by 2cm square wound inflicted on their right dorsolateral trunk. They were divided into two groups.

A comparative study of the wound healing properties of honey and Ageratum conyzoides.

The present study investigates the wound healing properties of methanolic extracts of Ageratum conyzoides leaves compared with those of honey. Thirty Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups of 10 animals each. They were fed with standard rat cubes and Tap water weighed and acclimatized to laboratory conditions for one week.