Recommendations for reporting tissue and circulating tumour (ct)DNA next-generation sequencing results in non-small cell lung cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer is a heterogeneous disease and molecular characterisation plays an important role in its clinical management. Next-generation sequencing-based panel testing enables many molecular alterations to be interrogated simultaneously, allowing for comprehensive identification of actionable oncogenic drivers (and co-mutations) and appropriate matching of patients with targeted therapies. Despite consensus in international guidelines on the importance of broad molecular profiling, adoption of next-generation sequencing varies globally.

The lncRNAs Gas5, MALAT1 and SNHG8 as diagnostic biomarkers for epithelial malignant pleural mesothelioma in Egyptian patients.

Long noncoding RNAs have been shown to be involved in a myriad of physiological and pathological pathways. To date, malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is considered an extremely aggressive cancer. One reason for this is the late diagnosis of the disease, which can occur within 30-40 years of asbestos exposure.

Real-world treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer: results of KINDLE-Egypt cohort.

Background: Stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being highly heterogeneous requires multimodal therapeutic strategies for optimal management. We present findings on treatment patterns and their associated survival outcomes in patients with stage III NSCLC from the Egypt subset of the KINDLE global real-world study conducted across countries from Asia, Middle East, Africa, and Latin America.

Method: Retrospective data from the Egypt subset (21 centers) of adult patients diagnosed with stage III NSCLC between January 2013 and December 2017 were analyzed.

The Predictive Value of ERCC1, RRM1, and Thymidylate Synthase in Advanced Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Patients Treated with Platinum-Based Chemotherapy.

Background: A rare yet severe neoplasia called malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) typically manifests itself in advanced stages. Despite some improvements in the treatment of patients with MPM, this malignancy continues to have a detrimental prognosis . The primary goal of the present study was to assess the associatin between ERCC1, RRM1, and thymidylate synthase (TS) expression and disease outcome in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) treated with either pemetrexed plus cisplatin or gemcitabine plus cisplatin.

The evolving role of liquid biopsy in lung cancer.

Liquid biopsy has revolutionized the management of cancer patients. In particular, liquid biopsy-based testing has proven to be highly beneficial for identifying actionable cancer markers, especially when solid tissue biopsies are insufficient or unattainable. Beyond the predictive role, liquid biopsy may be a useful tool for comprehensive tumor genotyping, identification of emergent resistance mechanisms, monitoring of minimal residual disease, early detection, and cancer interception.

Cancer Burden Among Arab-World Females in 2020: Working Toward Improving Outcomes.

Purpose: Cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This work presents the Arab-world females' cancers (AFCs) statistics in 2020, compared with the 2018 AFCs statistics, the Arab-world male cancers statistics, and the world females' cancers (WFCs) statistics in 2020. This can help set the stage for a better policy for cancer control programs and improve outcomes.

Genetic variations in tumor ecrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor-1 (TRAIL-R1) gene and the susceptibility to b-cell non-hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) in Egypt.

Background: Dysregulated apoptosis is a hallmark of cancer development and progression. TRAIL and its receptors (R1 and R2) are key players in the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Genetic alteration or blockade of TRAIL-R1 may alter its apoptotic function, and subsequently provide growth advantage to neoplastic cells.

National approaches to managing cancer care: responses of countries in the MENA region to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presents serious challenges to cancer care because of the associated risks from the infection itself and the disruption of care delivery. Therefore, many professional societies have published recommendations to help manage patients with cancer during the current pandemic. The objective of our study is to assess the national responses of Middle East North Africa (MENA) countries in terms of publishing relevant guidelines and analyse various components of these guidelines.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Oncologists: Results of an International Study.

Purpose: As frontline workers facing the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare providers should be well-prepared to fight the disease and prevent harm to their patients and themselves. Our study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of oncologists in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on them.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a validated questionnaire disseminated to oncologists by SurveyMonkey.

Clinical recommendations in the management of advanced prostate cancer: International Gastrointestinal, Liver and Uro-oncology (IGILUC 2019) experts.

Purpose: Advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer (PC) have rapidly progressed through the past years. Various factors should be taken into account while treating individual patients to ensure optimal and careful decision making. The purpose of this consensus review is to summarize the current practice patterns when managing patients with advanced prostate cancer (APC) as there is still a lack of or very limited evidence on its clinical management in some areas.

MiRNAs as molecular biomarkers in stage II egyptian colorectal cancer patients.

Aim: To assess the role of aberrant miRNAs expressions in stage II CRC patients from Egypt.

Methods: Tumor tissue samples were obtained from 124 CRC stage II patients compared to 100 healthy controls for assessing miRNAs expression using; 1) a cataloged 84-miRNAs PCR array panel, and 2) another five miRNAs (miR-21, miR-137, miR-145, miR-320 and miR-498) that have been reported in previous studies to have a role in CRC, by quantitative real time PCR (qPCR). The results were correlated to patients' characteristics, response to treatment and survival.

Altered expression of miR-181a and miR-146a does not change the expression of surface NCRs in human NK cells.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in regulating gene expression and immune responses. Of interest, miR-181a and miR-146a are key players in regulating immune responses and are among the most abundant miRNAs expressed in NK cells. Bioinformatically, we predicted miR-181a to regulate the expression of the natural cytotoxicity receptor NCR2 by seeded interaction with the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR).

Efficacy and Safety of Cladribine: Subcutaneous versus Intravenous Administration in Hairy Cell Leukemia Patients.

Cladribine induces durable complete remission (CR) in approximately 85% of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) patients. In Egypt, cladribine is mainly used as IV continuous infusion at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg/day for 7 days and as SC bolus injection at a dose of 0.

Multidisciplinary management of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma in Africa and the Middle East: current practice and recommendations for improvement.

The management of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has evolved considerably in recent years. This report represents the consensus of 22 relevant medical specialists from Africa and the Middle East region engaged in the management of RCC. Partial or radical nephrectomy is the standard of care for most patients with localized RCC.

Toll-like receptor 2 and 9 genetic polymorphisms and the susceptibility to B cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Egypt.

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) entail considerable heterogeneity regarding their morphology, clinical course, etiological factors, or response to therapy. Increased incidence of NHL in immunocompromised individuals and after autoimmune diseases suggests that infections and immune dysregulation could play a role in the susceptibility to NHL. Accordingly, genetic variation in Toll-like receptor (TLR) genes might be considered as molecular risk factors for NHL.

Association of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 genetic polymorphism, hepatitis C viral infection and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: an Egyptian study.

Abstract Genetic and environmental factors are involved in the pathogenesis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The present study aimed to investigate the association between cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) genetic polymorphism, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and B-cell NHL risk in Egypt. Genotyping of CTLA-4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay for 181 adult patients with B-NHL and 200 controls.

Gonadatrophin suppression to prevent chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To estimate the effectiveness of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues cotreatment in preventing chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea in young breast cancer patients undergoing cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapy.

Methods: One hundred hormone-insensitive breast cancer participants (aged 18-40 years) were recruited from two university-affiliated oncology centers in Egypt. Opting for type of cotreatment was based on available timeframe until start of chemotherapy.

The link between genetic polymorphism of glutathione-S-transferases, GSTM1, and GSTT1 and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in Egypt.

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. A number of studies have examined the role of genetic polymorphisms in the risk of DLBCL, and several variants have been identified as potential susceptibility genes, of those glutathione-S-transferases T1 and M1 (GSTT1 and GSTM1).

Aim Of The Work: The aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of inherited genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes on the susceptibility to DLBCL in Egypt.

Clinical features and treatment outcome of acute promyelocytic leukemia patients treated at cairo national cancer institute in egypt.

The current study reports the clinical features and treatment outcome of 67 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) treated at National Cancer Institute (NCI-Cairo), in Egypt from January 2007 to January 2011. The median age at presentation was 29 years. Bleeding was the most common presenting symptom (79%).

Tumor necrosis factor alpha-308 and Lymphotoxin alpha+252 genetic polymorphisms and the susceptibility to non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Egypt.

Genetic polymorphism within the regulatory regions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-α) may be involved in the development of lymphoid malignancies. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of TNFα-308 and LTα+252 genetic polymorphism on susceptibility to non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in Egypt. Genotyping of the studied genes by restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction was conducted on 84 NHL and 100 healthy controls and revealed that TNFα-308 homotype (AA) was significantly higher in NHL patients and conferred sixfold increased risk of NHL (OR=5.

Resolved hepatitis B virus infection is not associated with worse outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Serologic evidence of resolved hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been associated with reactivation of hepatitis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), but the true impact of this finding is unknown. We conducted a retrospective matched-control analysis of the outcomes of 76 patients with positive HBV core antibody (HBcAb) and negative HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) at the time of allo-HSCT for hematologic or solid malignancies. Control patients (matched controls), with negative serology for HBV and other viral hepatitides, were matched by age, diagnosis, disease risk, intensity of conditioning regimen, and donor type.

Impact of hepatitis C virus seropositivity on survival after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for hematologic malignancies.

Background: Because hepatitis C virus infection causes hepatic and immunological dysfunction, we hypothesized that seropositivity for this virus could be associated with increased non-relapse mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Design And Methods: We performed a case-control study of the outcomes of patients who were hepatitis C virus seropositive at the time of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (N=31). Patients positive for hepatitis C virus were considered candidates for stem cell transplantation only if they had no significant evidence of hepatic dysfunction.

Clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of overexpression of her-2/neu and p53 oncoproteins in gastric carcinoma using tissue microarray.

Background: The aim of the study was to verify the frequency of the immunohistochemical overexpression of her-2/neu and p53 in gastric carcinoma and their relation to the other clinico-pathological features and the impact on survival rates.

Patients And Methods: A total of 93 patients of gastric carcinoma, who had a potential curative surgery in the period from 2001-2007 and with representative paraffin blocks, and sufficient follow-up data were included in this study. They were arrayed and evaluated for protein marker overexpression using tissue microarray (TMA).

Clinico-Pathological and Prognostic Significance of p53, Bcl-2 and Her-2/neu Protein Markers in Colorectal Cancer Using Tissue Microarray.

Background: The prognostic role of her-2/neu has been established in breast cancer but remains controversial in colorectal cancer (CRC). Widespread genetic mutations in colorectal carcinogenesis exist on chromosome 17. Her- 2/neu gene and the tumor suppressor gene p53 are both located on this chromosome.

Soluble mesothelin-related protein in malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Background And Purpose: Building-up evidence suggests that soluble mesothelinrelated protein (SMRP) carries a diagnostic and a prognostic value in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Egypt suffers endemic asbestosis and thus this study was conducted to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of SMRP in patients with MPM and to correlate this marker with known clinicopathological prognostic factors.

Material And Methods: During the period from January 2006 till March 2008, Serum samples were obtained from MPM patients presenting to the Egyptian National Cancer Institute, Cairo University.