Publications by authors named "Okuyama A"
Background: Patients need to be supported in combining treatment with daily life. However, measurement of supportive care indicators related to treatment-related side effects is under-reported. This review aimed to identify a list of quality indicators for managing cancer treatment-induced toxicities for adult patients with cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Our study assessed the correlation between discrepancies in clinical and pathological T stages and overall survival (OS) in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), including renal pelvis (UCP) and ureter (UCU) carcinoma, treated with radical surgery.
Methods: We utilized data from the Japanese Hospital-Based Cancer Registry (HBCR) to identify UTUC cases (n = 2376), consisting of UCP cases (n = 1196) and UCU cases (n = 1180), diagnosed with cTa-3N0M0 between 2012 and 2013. All cases were histologically confirmed and treated solely with radical surgery, excluding any chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
Introduction: We evaluated the impact of absent end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery (UA-AEDF) in severe small for gestational age (SGA) cases.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study focused on fetuses with severe SGA (defined as birth weight ≤2.5 SD).
Article Synopsis
- Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic that helps prevent nausea and vomiting, particularly after highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC), but it can cause side effects like hyperglycemia and drowsiness.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the effectiveness of olanzapine combined with standard triplet antiemetic therapy compared to triplet therapy alone, focusing on outcomes like nausea control and adverse effects.
- Results showed that adding olanzapine significantly improved nausea and vomiting prevention in both acute and delayed phases with minimal adverse effects, indicating it can be beneficial for patients undergoing HEC.
Article Synopsis
- * A total of 30 women participated, with successful results reported: a delivery rate of 93% and no pregnancy losses within 28 days post-procedure, though there was one surgical complication that was quickly addressed.
- * The findings indicate that this modified technique is safe and effective for managing refractory cervical insufficiency, with promising results in preventing early pregnancy loss and maintaining fetal survival.
Article Synopsis
- Research lacks a standardized multi-day antiemetic regimen for chemotherapy, making it difficult to assess efficacy and safety.
- A comprehensive search revealed no direct comparisons between multi-day and single-day antiemetic regimens, with variations in study quality and treatment protocols hindering robust analysis.
- Preliminary findings indicate that three-drug combination therapies, particularly using aprepitant, may outperform two-drug regimens; further research is needed to better define antiemetic approaches for multi-day chemotherapy.
Efficacy and safety of dexamethasone sparing for the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with moderately emetogenic chemotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Antiemesis 2023 from Japan Society of Clinical Oncology.
Int J Clin Oncol
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- Palonosetron is a second-generation anti-nausea drug that might be more effective than first-generation medications, and this study explores how dexamethasone (DEX) works with it during chemotherapy.
- Researchers compared the effects of giving DEX for 1 day versus 3 days in preventing nausea and vomiting after moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC), using data from studies published between 1990 and 2020.
- The findings showed that while the 3-day DEX group had a higher rate of no vomiting, there were no major differences in most anti-nausea effects, suggesting that DEX treatment could be shortened to just 1 day when paired with palonosetron.
Article Synopsis
- - The study focuses on the effectiveness and safety of dexamethasone-sparing antiemetic therapies, particularly neurokinin-1 antagonists (NKRA), for preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients undergoing highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC).
- - A systematic review of literature identified and analyzed two studies involving anthracycline-cyclophosphamide and cisplatin-based regimens; while no significant differences in vomiting prevention were found, some outcomes related to nausea showed variability.
- - The review concludes that dexamethasone-sparing antiemetic therapies can be effective in preventing CINV for HEC, particularly in patients receiving anthracycline-cyclophosphamide
Article Synopsis
- Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) negatively impacts patient quality of life, leading to a study that evaluated the effectiveness of adding neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists (NK1RAs) to existing antiemetic treatments for patients undergoing moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC).
- A systematic review of clinical studies identified 15 randomized controlled trials involving over 4,400 patients, revealing that triplet antiemetic regimens including NK1RAs significantly improved complete response and complete control of nausea compared to doublet regimens, without increasing adverse events.
- While the addition of NK1RA shows promise for enhancing antiemetic efficacy in carboplatin-based chemotherapy, further research is needed
Proton-pumping rhodopsins are light-driven proton transporters that have been discovered from various microbiota. They are categorized into two groups: outward-directed and inward-directed proton pumps. Although the directions of transport are opposite, they are active proton transporters that create an H gradient across a membrane.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Mediastinal germ cell tumors are rare and few large-scale studies on mediastinal germ cell tumors are reported. We aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of patients with mediastinum germ cell tumors in Japan.
Methods: A hospital-based cancer registry data in Japan was used to identify and enroll patients diagnosed with mediastinal germ cell tumors in 2012-2013.
Objective: This study aimed to clarify the relationship between fluctuations in uterine stiffness during the third stage of labor and blood loss upon placenta delivery using shear wave elastography.
Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled consecutive singleton pregnant women above 37 weeks of gestation who delivered infants transvaginally at a single perinatal center. Shear wave velocities (SWV) were continuously measured during the third stage of transvaginal labor using transabdominal ultrasound and these values were compared between groups with large (≥500 g) and small amounts of bleeding during this stage.
The adsorption of heavy metals on iron oxides generally increases with pH and is almost complete at neutral to slightly alkaline pH. However, almost complete adsorption on a linear scale does not imply sufficient removal of the heavy metals in terms of their toxicity. Here, we elucidated the chemical reactions that determine the solid-liquid partitioning of Pb(II) and Cd(II) on goethite at high pH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - The Japan Society of Clinical Oncology updated its 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Antiemesis to incorporate recent findings on antiemetics and cancer treatments, reflecting the latest advancements in the field
- - A thorough literature search from 1990 to 2020 was conducted to guide the update, leading to the development of 13 background questions, 12 clinical questions, and three future research questions
- - The updated guidelines aim to enhance understanding and decision-making about antiemetic therapy for both patients and healthcare providers
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluated the effectiveness of non-drug therapies for managing anticipatory chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in cancer patients, focusing on the impact of past chemotherapy experiences.
- Out of 107 studies reviewed, six were suitable for inclusion, highlighting three key non-pharmacologic treatments: systematic desensitization, hypnotherapy, and yoga therapy; systematic desensitization showed significant positive results in reducing nausea and vomiting.
- Despite promising findings for systematic desensitization, concerns about study quality and inconsistent reporting of side effects indicate a need for more rigorous research before these methods are widely adopted in clinical practice.
Aim: To compare the prophylactic efficacy of ampicillin and clindamycin against vertical transmission of group B Streptococcus from mothers to their infants by evaluating the rates of group B Streptococcus colonisation.
Methods: We retrospectively extracted data for mothers who delivered at Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital between 1 October 2017 and 31 March 2021 and tested positive for antepartum group B Streptococcus, and their infants. The chi-square test was used to compare the rates of group B Streptococcus colonisation, sepsis, and meningitis.
Objectives: We sought clinical characteristics, survival outcomes, and prognostic factors for overall survival of retroperitoneal sarcoma in Japan.
Methods: A Japanese hospital-based cancer registry database with a pivotal 10-year follow-up was used to identify and enroll patients, registered from 106 institutions, diagnosed with retroperitoneal sarcoma in 2008-2009. Treating hospitals were divided by hospital care volume; high-volume hospitals and low-volume hospitals were defined as ≥ 4 and < 4 cases/year, respectively.
Background: Genitourinary sarcomas are rare in adults and few large-scale studies on adult genitourinary sarcoma are reported. We aimed to elucidate the clinical characteristics, survival outcomes, and prognostic factors for overall survival of adult genitourinary sarcoma in Japan.
Methods: A hospital-based cancer registry data in Japan was used to identify and enroll patients diagnosed with genitourinary sarcoma in 2013.
Despite the abundance of research investigating the efficacy of caffeine supplementation on exercise performance, the physiological and biochemical responses to caffeine supplementation during intermittent activities are less evident. This study investigated the acute effects of caffeine supplementation on measures of exercise performance, ratings of perceived exertion, and biomarkers of oxidative stress induced by an acute bout of sprint interval training. In a randomized crossover design, 12 healthy males (age: 26 ± 4 years, height: 177.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: To identify the prognostic impact of treatment centralization in patients with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT).
Methods: We used a hospital-based cancer registry data in Japan to extract seminoma and non-seminoma cases that were diagnosed in 2013, histologically confirmed, and received the first course of treatment. To compare the 5-years overall survival (OS) rates of patients stratified by institutional care volume, we performed a Cox proportional hazards regression analysis using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method to adjust patient backgrounds.
Background: The number of older patients with cancer has been increasing. This study aimed to determine the proportion of postoperative decline in activities of daily living (ADL), hospital mortality rate, home healthcare services use, and adjuvant chemotherapy treatment patterns of patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) across age groups.
Methods: We analyzed health service utilization data of patients aged ≥ 40 years diagnosed with clinical stage I or II NSCLC in 2015 who underwent thoracoscopy or thoracotomy.
Introduction: The number of older patients with breast cancer is increasing worldwide. However, no studies have clarified to what extent activities of daily living (ADL) decline in older patients after surgery. This study aimed to identify perioperative treatments and the proportion of patients with a postoperative decline in ADL among those with early-stage breast cancer, according to age groups (<65, 65-74, ≥75 years).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: In Japan, the prevalence of haptoglobin deficiency is approximately 1 in 4000. Haptoglobin-deficient individuals may produce anti-haptoglobin from allo-immunization, leading to serious transfusion reactions. Therefore, implementation of a consistent supply of haptoglobin-deficient fresh frozen plasma is crucial.
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