Electrophysiological properties of maxillary trigeminal Aβ-afferent neurons of rats.

Aβ-afferents in maxillary or V2 trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons are somatosensory neurons that may be involved in both non-nociceptive and nociceptive functions in orofacial regions. However, electrophysiological properties of these V2 trigeminal Aβ-afferent neurons have not been well characterized so far. Here, we used rat trigeminal nerve preparations and applied patch-clamp recordings to large-sized V2 TG neurons to characterize their electrophysiological properties.

A case report of primary sternal osteomyelitis caused by polymicrobial bacteria, including .

We herein report a case of primary sternal osteomyelitis caused by polymicrobial bacteria, including . A 72-year-old man presented with a fever and precordial pain. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed peristernal fluid associated with an osteolytic lesion and a peripheral nodule in the right upper lobe.

[Molecular Epidemiological Analysis of Hepatitis A Viruses Circulating in Tokyo, 2016-2017].

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a common infectious agent that causes acute hepatitis worldwide. Since the incubation period of HAV infection is about one month, it is difficult to identify the source of infection based only on medical interviews. Molecular epidemiological analysis of HAV isolated from patients can help to reveal the infection route and to identify diffuse outbreaks caused by common food vehicles.

[Serial Food Poisoning Outbreaks Caused by Norovirus-Contaminated Shredded Dried Laver Seaweed Provided at School Lunch, Tokyo, 2017].

In February 2017, four food poisoning outbreaks occurred in Tokyo, involving ten schools. Shredded dried laver seaweed processed by a single food manufacturer in December 2016 was provided in common for the school meals that caused all four outbreaks. Of 4,209 persons exposed, 1,193 (28.

[Detection of Norovirus in Swab Specimens of Restrooms and Kitchens Collected for Investigation of Suspected Food Poisoning Outbreaks in Tokyo].

During 2015-2016, we examined norovirus (NoV) RNA in swab specimens collected for investigation of suspected food poisoning outbreaks in Tokyo by real-time RT-PCR. Of 1,726 swab samples, 65 (3.8%) were NoV-positive and all positive swab samples were derived from NoV-positive outbreaks.

Essential role of endogenous calcitonin gene-related peptide in pain-associated plasticity in the central amygdala.

The role of the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is well established in nociceptive behaviors. CGRP is highly expressed in the projection pathway from the parabrachial nucleus to the laterocapsular region of the central amygdala (CeC), which plays a critical role in relaying nociceptive information. The CeC is a key structure in pain behavior because it integrates and modulates nociceptive information along with other sensory signals.

Potentiation of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission at the parabrachial-central amygdala synapses by CGRP in mice.

The capsular part of the central amygdala (CeC) is called the "nociceptive amygdala," as it receives nociceptive information from various pathways, including monosynaptic input from the lateral part of the parabrachial nucleus (LPB), a major target of ascending neurons in the spinal and medullary dorsal horn. LPB-CeC synaptic transmission is mediated by glutamate but the fibers from the LPB also contain calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and the CeC is rich in CGRP-binding sites. CGRP might be released in response to strong nociception and activate these CGRP receptors.

Androstenedione induces abnormalities in morphology and function of developing oocytes, which impairs oocyte meiotic competence.

Objective: To obtain insight into the effects of androstenedione on ovarian folliculogenesis and oogenesis.

Design: Experimental study.

Setting: St.

Exogenous androstenedione induces formation of follicular cysts and premature luteinization of granulosa cells in the ovary.

Objective: To investigate the effects of androstenedione on ovarian follicle development.

Design: Experimental study.

Setting: University research laboratory.

Fabrication of Au-DNA-Au nanostructure with new-type DNA-Au conjugate.

Nano devices fabricated from DNA and nanoparticles found many important applications in both biotechnology and nanotechnology. Conventionally, DNA was linked to gold surfaces through a linker. In this study, DNAs were directly attached to gold surfaces through S-Au bonds by modifying 5'-end of DNA with a mercapto group.

Bond fluctuation of S/Se anchoring observed in single-molecule conductance measurements using the point contact method with scanning tunneling microscopy.

Conductance was measured for the single molecules with S/Se anchoring on a Au surface using the point contact method with scanning tunneling microscopy that enables us to selectively perform a repeated analysis of a chosen target molecule. Apparent conductance changes observed in sequential measurements suggest the existence of bond fluctuation among the adsorption sites.

[Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy with abdominal wall lift during pregnancy under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia].

Abdominal wall lift laparoscopic surgery is often used for patients during pregnancy because it is physiologically superior to CO2 pneumoperitoneum laparoscopic surgery. Operation for adnexal cysts is performed in the 1st trimester. We report seven cases of ovarian cysts during pregnancy, resected using gassless laparoscopic method with a whole abdominal wall lift under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA).

[A case of monoplegia from conversion disorder after spinal anesthesia].

Neurological complications related to spinal anesthesia are exceptional, but their consequences are serious. We report a case of conversion disorder, which was initially diagnosed as monoplegia caused by spinal anesthesia. The patient was a 36-year-old, 88 kg woman with a history of psychogenic aphonia.

[Intraoperative indirect monitoring of electrocardiogram].

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is used as a standard monitoring method during anesthesia and operation. But during the operation of severely burnt patients, the electrodes for ECG cannot be placed on the ideal points for the standard limb leads. We tried the indirect monitoring of the ECG.

[Amrinone (50 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) does not impair regional myocardial tissue metabolism during the 40%-decrease of left anterior descending coronary flow].

We investigated the effects of amrinone on metabolism of regional myocardial tissue during the 40%-decrease of left anterior descending coronary (LAD) flow in anesthetized dogs. Fourteen adult mongrel dogs weighing 15.4 +/- 5.

[Effects of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2 not equal to 60 mmHg) on regional myocardial tissue oxygen tension and metabolism].

We investigated the effects of increased arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2 not equal to 60 mmHg) on myocardial tissue oxygen tension and metabolism in anesthetized dogs. Ten adult mongrel dogs weighing 15.3 +/- 4.

[Evaluation of oxygen insufflation to non-ventilated lung during one-lung anesthesia].

To prevent hypoxemia during one-lung anesthesia, we have devised an oxygen insufflation machine which can insufflate oxygen (0.2-10 l.min-1) and apply CPAP (0-30 cmH2O) selectively to the non-ventilated lung.

[Myocardial metabolism, oxygen demand and oxygen supply during prostaglandin E1 induced hypotension].

The effects of hypotensive anesthesia induced by PGE1 on myocardial metabolism, oxygen demand and oxygen supply were studied. Nine mongrel dogs were anesthetized with pentobarbital and isoflurane. Mean blood pressure (MBP), cardiac output (CO), blood gases (BG), coronary blood flow (CBF), and myocardial tissue oxygen tension (MPO) were measured.

[The effects of adenosine-induced hypotension on myocardial metabolism].

The effects of hypotension induced by adenosine on myocardial metabolism were studied in ten mongrel dogs anesthetized with 0.5% isoflurane. Adenosine was infused intravenously to reduce mean arterial blood pressure by approximately 30% during a period of 20 min.

[Effect of 10% carbon dioxide on regional myocardial tissue oxygen tension and myocardial metabolism].

We investigated the effects of arterial carbon dioxide tension on myocardial blood flow, tissue oxygen tension and metabolism in the anesthetized dogs. Eighteen adult mongrel dogs weighing 13.4 +/- 3.

[Comparison of standard-dose epinephrine and high-dose epinephrine in cardiopulmonary arrest outside the hospital].

We compared high-dose epinephrine (HDE) with standard-dose epinephrine (SDE) in improving the outcome of resuscitation after out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest. The SDE group received epinephrine 1mg, and the HDE group received epinephrine 5mg respectively every 5 minutes until the return of spontaneous circulation. There were no significant differences between the SDE group and the HDE group in the rate of return of spontaneous circulation, rate of successful resuscitation and neurologic outcome.

Effects of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) on somatosensory evoked potentials in humans anesthetized with isoflurane and nitrous oxide.

In order to examine the usefulness of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as an adjuvant to anesthesia for surgery requiring intraoperative somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) monitoring, we have studied the effects of ATP on SSEPs in patients anesthetized with isoflurane and nitrous oxide (N2O). A control recording of SSEP was performed while anesthesia was maintained with 0.5% end-tidal concentration of isoflurane in 60% N2O.

Effects of continuous negative extrathoracic pressure ventilation on left ventricular dimensions and hemodynamics in dogs.

It has been reported that continuous negative extrathoracic pressure ventilation (CNETPV) depresses cardiac output less than continuous positive pressure ventilation (CPPV) does, and this difference may be related to the different effects of two ventilatory modes on preload. We performed simultaneous measurements of hemodynamics and left ventricular short axis dimensions by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) to evaluate left ventricular preload and function during CNETPV and CPPV in normal dogs. Hemodynamic measurements and simultaneous TEE recording were performed at 5 successive periods; 1) the first control period of intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV1), 2) CNETPV with negative end-expiratory pressure (NEEP) of -10 cmH2O (CNET10), 3) CNETPV with NEEP of -15 cmH2O (CNET15), 4) the second control period of IPPV (IPPV2), and 5) CPPV with PEEP of 15 cmH2O (CPPV15).

[Effect of hypotensive anesthesia on tissue oxygen tension of the heart, kidney and liver].

The effects of hypotensive anesthesia by prostaglandin E1 (PGE1: 8 dogs) or trimetaphan (TMP: 8 dogs) on tissue oxygenation were studied in 16 mongrel dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital. Mean blood pressure (MBP), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), blood gases (BG), the blood flow and tissue oxygen tension of the heart, the kidney and the liver were measured. The blood flow and oxygen tension were measured by electromagnetic flowmeters and by polarographic oxygen electrodes respectively.

Continuous negative extrathoracic pressure ventilation, lung water volume, and central blood volume. Studies in dogs with pulmonary edema induced by oleic acid.

The effect of continuous positive-pressure ventilation (CPPV) on extravascular lung water volume has been investigated, but there is only one report which studied the effect of continuous negative extrathoracic pressure ventilation (CNETPV). The effect of CNETPV on central blood volume (CBV) has not been studied. Changes in intrathoracic pressure by CNETPV may alter lung water volume and CBV.