Factor structure of psychosis screening questionnaire in Ugandan adults.

Background: Psychotic disorders are common and contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality of people with psychiatric diseases. Therefore, early screening and detection may facilitate early intervention and reduce adverse outcomes. Screening tools that lay persons can administer are particularly beneficial in low resource settings.

[Safety and Efficacy of Robot-Assisted Surgery for Early Uterine Cancer in Our Institution over Five Years Since Its Introduction].

Lacking experience of laparoscopic surgery against gynecologic malignancies, we started performing robot-assisted surgery for uterine cancer in September 2017. Here we compared the safety and efficacy of robot-assisted surgery with those of open surgery in early-stage uterine cancer patients. The surgical time was significantly longer and the blood loss and hospital stay were significantly shorter for robot-assisted versus open surgery.

A unified framework for measuring selection on cellular lineages and traits.

Intracellular states probed by gene expression profiles and metabolic activities are intrinsically noisy, causing phenotypic variations among cellular lineages. Understanding the adaptive and evolutionary roles of such variations requires clarifying their linkage to population growth rates. Extending a cell lineage statistics framework, here we show that a population's growth rate can be expanded by the cumulants of a fitness landscape that characterize how fitness distributes in a population.

Single mutation makes Escherichia coli an insect mutualist.

Microorganisms often live in symbiosis with their hosts, and some are considered mutualists, where all species involved benefit from the interaction. How free-living microorganisms have evolved to become mutualists is unclear. Here we report an experimental system in which non-symbiotic Escherichia coli evolves into an insect mutualist.

Iliac artery-enteric fistula developed during bevacizumab-containing chemotherapy for recurrent cervical cancer: A case report and literature review.

An arterioenteric fistula is a devastating and life-threatening condition. As patients often present in extremis from hemorrhage shock, an early diagnosis and prompt life-saving interventions have to be performed. In this report, we describe a case of a 38-year-old Japanese woman who presented with hematochezia that rapidly progressed to hemorrhagic shock secondary to an iliac artery-enteric fistula that developed during bevacizumab-containing chemotherapy for recurrent cervical cancer.

Intrinsic growth heterogeneity of mouse leukemia cells underlies differential susceptibility to a growth-inhibiting anticancer drug.

Cancer cell populations consist of phenotypically heterogeneous cells. Growing evidence suggests that pre-existing phenotypic differences among cancer cells correlate with differential susceptibility to anticancer drugs and eventually lead to a relapse. Such phenotypic differences can arise not only externally driven by the environmental heterogeneity around individual cells but also internally by the intrinsic fluctuation of cells.

[Postoperative Recurrence of Pancreatic Cancer Successfully Treated with the Gemcitabine plus Oxaliplatin Regimen Resulting in Long-Term Survival-ACase Report].

A 38-year-old woman who presented with complaints of back pain was diagnosed with cancer of the pancreatic body. Since invasion of the celiac artery/superior mesenteric artery was suspected, she was referred to our department for chemotherapy. She received 4 courses of gemcitabine plus S-1(GS), and she underwent distal pancreatectomy with en bloc celiac axis resection/portal vein resection/reconstruction using a left renal vein graft(OP-CAR).

Conversion surgery with gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel for locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer: A case report.

The standard treatment for locally advanced unresectable (UR-LA) pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is chemo-radiotherapy. Surgery following chemo-radiotherapy (conversion surgery), has been considered a useful strategy and has been used for UR-LA PDAC. The current study presents the case of a 43-year-old woman who complained of back pain.

Identification of molecular-interaction sites between lowly hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohols and indomethacin by NMR spectroscopy.

To evaluate the potency of hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohols (PVAs) as matrices for solid dispersion (SD) formulations, we examined their inhibitory effects on precipitation of a poorly water-soluble drug, indomethacin (IND). Additionally, to clarify their mechanism, we investigated the intermolecular interaction of IND with PVAs in the supersaturated aqueous solution of IND. In the present study, we used five kinds of PVAs, i.

MicroRNA profiles during galectin-9-induced apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells.

Pancreatic cancer is the eighth-leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in males and the ninth-leading cause in females worldwide. Even when diagnosed early enough to be potentially resectable, the prognosis of invasive pancreatic cancer is poor. Galectin-9 (Gal-9) is a tandem-repeat type galectin that has recently been demonstrated to possess an anti-proliferative effect on cancer cells.

[Disorder of Gastric Myoelectric Activity in Patients with Cerebral Infarction:Electrogastrographic Assessment].

In this study, gastric myoelectric activity in patients with acute cerebral infarction was investigated using electrogastrography. The patients were divided into four groups; those with mild brainstem infarction(group A, n=13, men:8, women:5, 75±2 years old), severe brainstem infarction(group B, n=6, men:4, women:2, 79±4 years old), mild non-brainstem infarction(group C, n=14, men:7, women:7, 76±3 years old), and severe non-brainstem infarction(group D, n=9, men:3, women:6, 87±2 years old). In group B, the% ratio of normogastria(2.

The (oxalato)aluminate complex as an antimicrobial substance protecting the "shiro" of Tricholoma matsutake from soil micro-organisms.

Tricholoma matsutake, a basidiomycete, forms ectomycorrhizas with Pinus densiflora as the host tree. Its fruiting body, "matsutake" in Japanese, is an edible and highly prized mushroom, and it grows in a circle called a fairy ring. Beneath the fairy ring of T.

Noise-driven growth rate gain in clonal cellular populations.

Cellular populations in both nature and the laboratory are composed of phenotypically heterogeneous individuals that compete with each other resulting in complex population dynamics. Predicting population growth characteristics based on knowledge of heterogeneous single-cell dynamics remains challenging. By observing groups of cells for hundreds of generations at single-cell resolution, we reveal that growth noise causes clonal populations of Escherichia coli to double faster than the mean doubling time of their constituent single cells across a broad set of balanced-growth conditions.

Bacterial Autoimmunity Due to a Restriction-Modification System.

Restriction-modification (RM) systems represent a minimal and ubiquitous biological system of self/non-self discrimination in prokaryotes [1], which protects hosts from exogenous DNA [2]. The mechanism is based on the balance between methyltransferase (M) and cognate restriction endonuclease (R). M tags endogenous DNA as self by methylating short specific DNA sequences called restriction sites, whereas R recognizes unmethylated restriction sites as non-self and introduces a double-stranded DNA break [3].

Galectin-9 suppresses cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis but not cell cycle arrest.

Cholangiocarcinoma is the most common biliary malignancy and the second most common hepatic malignancy after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Galectin-9 (Gal-9) is a tandem-repeat-type galectin that has recently been shown to exert antiproliferative effects on cancer cells. Therefore, the present study evaluated the effects of Gal-9 on the proliferation of human cholangiocarcinoma cells in vitro as well as the microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with the antitumor effects of Gal-9.

Mechanism of gemcitabine-induced suppression of human cholangiocellular carcinoma cell growth.

Although gemcitabine (2',2'-difluorocytidine monohydrochloride) is a common anticancer agent of cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC), its growth inhibitory effects and gemcitabine resistance in CCC cells are poorly understood. Our aims were to uncover the mechanism underlying the antitumor effect of gemcitabine and to analyze the mechanism regulating in vitro CCC cell gemcitabine resistance. In addition, we sought to identify miRNAs associated with the antitumor effects of gemcitabine in CCCs.

Galectin-9 suppresses the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma via apoptosis in vitro and in vivo.

Galectin-9, a soluble β-galactoside-binding animal lectin, evokes apoptosis in various human cancer cell lines. The galectin-9 antitumor effect against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is, however, unknown. We investigated whether galectin-9 suppresses HCC growth in vitro and in vivo.

Expression of AID in malignant melanoma with BRAF(V600E) mutation.

BRAF-activating somatic mutations often exist in malignant melanoma. The underlying molecular mechanism of somatic BRAF mutation inductions remained to be clear. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), a member of a cytidine deaminase family, and APOBEC3B induce somatic mutations and recently have been indicated to be involved in the pathomechanism of several kinds of cancers.

Combination of skin-directed therapy and oral etoposide for smoldering adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma with skin involvement.

Approximately 50% of patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) have skin involvement, and the smoldering, skin lesion-bearing cases are often treated with various skin-directed therapies, such as phototherapy and radiation therapy. Daily oral administration of etoposide plus prednisolone (EP) is also used for smoldering-type ATLL. However, it remains unclear whether these therapies improve patients' survival.

[Wheat dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis possibly sensitized by the hydrolyzed wheat proteins in a facial cleansing soap].

There are increasing cases of wheat dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA) with transcutaneous or transmucosal sensitization. Hydrolyzed wheat included in a certain brand of soap was identified as a cause of sensitization. The useful clues to detect this disorder consist of the patient's past usage of a soap containing hydrolyzed wheat, the appearance of cutaneous or mucosal symptoms after the intake of wheat or washing with this soap, and a high level of specific IgE for wheat gluten.

Probiotics in diverticular disease of the colon: an open label study.

Aim: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of a symbiotic mixture in preventing recurrence of constipation-related abdominal pain in patients with uncomplicated diverticular disease of the colon.

Methods: Forty-six consecutive patients (10 men, 36 women, mean age 62.5 years, range 49 to 77 years), previously affected by symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease of the colon, were enrolled in a 6-month follow-up study in a prospective, randomized, open-label study.