Multifocal cerebral blood flow by Xe-CT and global cerebral metabolism after prolonged cardiac arrest in dogs. Reperfusion with open-chest CPR or cardiopulmonary bypass.

Using the stable xenon-enhanced computed tomography (Xe-CT) method in dogs, we studied local, regional and global cerebral blood flow (LCBF, rCBF and gCBF) in two sham experiments and nine cardiac arrest experiments. Within the same experiments without arrest, gCBF and rCBF values were reproducible and stable. LCBF values varied over time.

Hypertension with hemodilution prevents multifocal cerebral hypoperfusion after cardiac arrest in dogs.

Background: Improved neurological outcome with postarrest hypertensive hemodilution in an earlier study could be the result of more homogeneous cerebral perfusion and improved O2 delivery. We explored global, regional, and local cerebral blood flow by stable xenon-enhanced computed tomography and global cerebral metabolism in our dog cardiac arrest model.

Methods: Ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest of 12.

Clinical significance of new coagulation and fibrinolytic markers in ischemic stroke patients.

Background And Purpose: We investigated plasma levels of D-dimer products of crosslinked fibrin degradation products, thrombin-antithrombin III complex, and plasmin-alpha 2-antiplasmin complex for detecting coagulation system activation in ischemic stroke patients to determine the possible effect of age on these marker levels.

Methods: We measured plasma levels of these three markers in 54 acute ischemic stroke patients within 5 days of stroke onset, in 44 chronic ischemic stroke patients over 3 months from onset, and in 50 age-matched healthy subjects. We divided the stroke patients into two subgroups, those with visible occlusion and those with nonvisible occlusion having obstruction of the major cerebral artery.

Effects of U74006F on multifocal cerebral blood flow and metabolism after cardiac arrest in dogs.

Lipid peroxidation reactions during reperfusion after cardiac arrest may contribute to postischemic cerebral hypoperfusion, which in turn can contribute to permanent neurological dysfunction. We designed this study to determine whether the aminosteroid U74006F, a putative inhibitor of lipid peroxidation, mitigates cerebral multifocal hypoperfusion after cardiac arrest. We used our established dog model of ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest (no blood flow) of 12.

Effects of various growth factors on growth of a cloned human esophageal squamous cancer cell line in a protein-free medium.

In order to investigate molecular mechanisms of the growth of human esophageal cancer in relation to growth factors, we have recently established a protein-free culture system [Ham's F-12: Eagle's minimum essential medium (1:1, v/v)] of TE-3-OS cells (a cloned cell line from human esophageal squamous cancer, TE-3). In the present study, we first examined effects of exogenous growth factors on the growth of TE-3-OS cells. The growth of TE-3-OS cells in the protein-free medium was significantly stimulated by insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I or IGF-II, and less effectively stimulated by epidermal growth factor (EGF) or transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha; platelet-derived growth factor, TFG-beta, acidic fibroblast growth factor (FGF) or basic FGF had no effects.

Prenatal and postnatal development of the large intestine in the insectivore Suncus murinus, the laboratory shrew.

Development of the large intestine in the insectivore Suncus murinus (the laboratory shrew) was investigated from day 21 to 30 of gestation and from birth to 20 days of age. Two days before birth, the stratified epithelium in the large intestine changed into a single layer. Although neither villi nor villus-like structures were ever present, fissures, corresponding to openings of the crypts, appeared on the mucosal surface before birth.

Mild hypothermic cardiopulmonary resuscitation improves outcome after prolonged cardiac arrest in dogs.

Background And Methods: This study was designed to explore the effect of mild cerebral and systemic hypothermia (34 degrees C) on outcome after prolonged cardiac arrest in dogs. After ventricular fibrillation with no flow of 10 min, and standard external CPR with epinephrine (low flow) from ventricular fibrillation time of 10 to 15 min, defibrillation and restoration of spontaneous normotension were between ventricular fibrillation time of 16 and 20 min. This procedure was followed by controlled ventilation to 20 hr postarrest and intensive care to 72 hr postarrest.

Gd-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis.

This report describes magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of biopsy-proved cryptococcal central nervous system (CNS) infection in a 31-year-old HIV negative man. Initial MR imaging revealed multi-focal Gd-DTPA enhancement and showed more lesions than contrast enhanced CT. The lesions regressed after antifungal therapy.

Endoscopic screening of early esophageal cancer with the Lugol dye method in patients with head and neck cancers.

The poor prognosis for esophageal cancer could be improved if lesions were detected at an early stage. To detect early esophageal cancer, endoscopic screening of the esophagus with the Lugol dye method was performed in patients with head and neck cancers who were asymptomatic but regarded as being at high risk for synchronous or metachronous esophageal cancer. Of 178 patients screened, 9 had esophageal cancer (5.

Severe primary hyperparathyroidism in a neonate having a parent with hypercalcemia: treatment by total parathyroidectomy and simultaneous heterotopic autotransplantation.

Neonatal primary hyperparathyroidism is a life-threatening disease because of marked hypercalcemia and severe respiratory distress caused by the hypoplastic thorax and occasional rib fractures. We report a 29-day-old girl treated by total parathyroidectomy and simultaneous autotransplantation of parathyroid tissue (one fifth of each of the two glands) in the femoral quadriceps muscle near the groin. At the time of operation, all four of the parathyroid glands were markedly enlarged, and their total weight was 900 mg.

Hypertension with or without hemodilution after cardiac arrest in dogs.

We studied blood flow-promoting therapies after cardiac arrest in 18 dogs. Our model consisted of ventricular fibrillation (no blood flow) lasting 12.5 minutes, controlled reperfusion with cardiopulmonary bypass and defibrillation within 5 minutes, controlled intermittent positive-pressure ventilation to 20 hours, and intensive care to 96 hours.

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome with premature closure of foramen ovale: report of an unusual type of totally anomalous pulmonary venous return.

We report on a case of hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), associated with premature closure of the foramen ovale and an unusual type of totally anomalous pulmonary venous return. The existence of an anomalous connection of the right upper pulmonary vein to the superior vena cava-right atrial (SVC-RA) junction and the existence of the anomalous intrapulmonary venous channel between right upper and lower pulmonary vein allowed all the pulmonary blood to drain into the SVC-RA junction, whereas she had only partially anomalous pulmonary venous connection. The several intrapulmonary venous channels helped to delay the progression of pulmonary venous obstruction.

Mild cerebral hypothermia during and after cardiac arrest improves neurologic outcome in dogs.

We previously found mild hypothermia (34-36 degrees C), induced before cardiac arrest, to improve neurologic outcome. In this study we used a reproducible dog model to evaluate mild hypothermia by head cooling during arrest, continued with systemic cooling (34 degrees C) during recirculation and for 1 h after arrest. In four groups of dogs, ventricular fibrillation (no flow) of 12.

Phenotypic characteristics of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in human oesophageal cancer tissues defined by quantitative two-colour analysis with flow-cytometry.

Phenotypic subpopulations of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) separated from human oesophageal cancer tissues were defined by quantitative two-colour analysis with flow-cytometry (FACScan), and their characteristics were investigated by comparison with peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and intra-oesophageal lymphocytes from noncancerous tissue (IEL) as the controls. Fifteen patients (13 males and 2 females) with squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus were entered into the study. Lymphocytes were analyzed by FACScan and the frequencies of the subpopulations were determined using monoclonal antibodies for surface markers.

Prenatal and postnatal development of the small intestine in the insectivore Suncus murinus.

The development of the small intestine in the insectivore Suncus murinus was noted during the period from 21 days' gestation to 20 days after birth. At 21 days of gestation, the proximal small intestine exhibited the beginning of villus formation, whereas the distal small intestine preserved the stratified epithelium. Stratified epithelium in the distal small intestine changed into a single layer by 24 days' gestation.

[A minute, solitary carcinoid of the stomach with a lymph node metastasis--a case report].

The patient, a 25-year-old woman, complained of epigastralgia. Her physical examination and routine laboratory data were unremarkable, though an upper G-I series and a gastro-endoscopy demonstrated a small sessile polypoid lesion at the posterior wall of the gastric body. An endoscopic biopsy specimen taken from the polyp revealed a typical carcinoid tumor.

[Effect of splenectomy in gastric carcinoma surgery on cell-mediated immunity; evaluation with alteration of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets].

Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were studied in 70 patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma. Lymphocyte subsets were analysed before and after gastrectomy by use of monoclonal antibody for cell membrane markers. There were significant differences in the gastrectomized patients with splenectomy compared to the patients without splenectomy in postoperative changes of lymphocyte subsets as follows.

Characterization of the glycolysis pathway and the plasma membrane of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains.

The characteristics of the glycolytic pathway and the plasma membrane of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were studied. The enzyme system of glycolysis (hexokinase, glucokinase and pyruvate kinase) which is the main source of energy in the anaerobic condition was localized in the cell soluble fraction (cytoplasma) of all species examined. Neither electron transfer chain components nor oxidase activities were found in anaerobically cultured Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium.