An open thoracic window involves the creation of a semi-permanent pleural-cutaneous connection to treat chronic organising empyemas, bronchopleural fistulas and postpneumonectomy empyemas in patients too ill for video-assisted thoracic surgery decortication. An Eloesser flap is a type of open thoracic window. Antibiotics have made the use of Eloesser flaps and other open thoracic windows for treatment of empyemas rare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn recent years, there have been multiple publications about the dearth of Black men in medicine. Appreciating the fact that underrepresented minority physicians disproportionately care for America's underserved communities, the lack of diversity in health care is particularly disturbing. Of imminent concern is the critical shortage of Black men doctors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Treatment nonadherence and clinical inertia perpetuate poor cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor control. Telemedicine interventions may counter both treatment nonadherence and clinical inertia.
Introduction: We explored why a telemedicine intervention designed to reduce treatment nonadherence and clinical inertia did not improve CVD risk factor control, despite enhancing treatment adherence versus usual care.
The overweight and obesity trends have risen over the past few decades, placing significant burdens on health care in terms of increased morbidity and cost. Behavioral change therapy is an effective treatment strategy and includes goal setting, self-monitoring, problem solving, and reinforcement tactics. Traditionally, behavior change therapy has been delivered using face-to-face counseling along with paper and pen recording of dietary intake and physical activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The ideal means of identifying obesity in children and adolescents has not been determined although body mass index (BMI) is the most widely used screening tool.
Objective: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies assessing the diagnostic performance of BMI to detect adiposity in children up to 18 years.
Methods: Data sources were EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Database of Systematic Reviews Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science and SCOPUS up to March 2013.
Introduction: Participation in regular physical activity (PA) may help maintain bone health as people age. However, most American adults do not engage in the recommended minimum levels of PA, and there are racial/ethnic differences in PA participation. This study aimed to determine whether current physical activity is related to bone density in a racially/ethnically diverse sample after controlling for age, sex, body mass index, poverty-income ratio, tobacco use, vitamin D and calcium intake, and use of osteoporosis medications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: We review disorders associated with splenomegaly and dyslipidemia with an emphasis on the APOE p.Leu167del mutation. Recent studies suggest that this rare mutation may present more often without splenomegaly in patients with familial combined hyperlipidemia or autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that assessed the performance of body mass index (BMI) to detect body adiposity.
Design: Data sources were MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and SCOPUS. To be included, studies must have assessed the performance of BMI to measure body adiposity, provided standard values of diagnostic performance, and used a body composition technique as the reference standard for body fat percent (BF%) measurement.