Are boarding secondary schools suitable for students with asthma? An asynchronous online focus group discussion among members of an asthma awareness group.

Introduction: Children in boarding schools spend most of their time without their parents or caregivers, causing concerns about the suitability of such schools for children with asthma. This study assessed individuals' opinions regarding the suitability of boarding secondary schools for children with asthma.

Methods: A qualitative design was adopted for this study using a focus group discussion held on a social media platform (WhatsApp®) of the Asthma Awareness and Care Group (AACG), The group comprised 150 registered members.

Nigeria mental health law: Challenges and implications for mental health services.

Background: The Nigerian mental health law titled the of 1958 has been under scrutiny for violating the human rights of people with mental illness. The call to reform the obsolete has garnered attention from the government, as the law has been unamended for over 60 years.

Aim: This study presents the challenges and implications of the new mental health law to the mental health services of Nigeria.

Eliciting a single amino acid change by vaccination generates antibody protection against group 1 and group 2 influenza A viruses.

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) targeting the hemagglutinin (HA) stem of influenza A viruses (IAVs) tend to be effective against either group 1 or group 2 viral diversity. In rarer cases, intergroup protective bnAbs can be generated by human antibody paratopes that accommodate the conserved glycan differences between the group 1 and group 2 stems. We applied germline-engaging nanoparticle immunogens to elicit a class of cross-group bnAbs from physiological precursor frequency within a humanized mouse model.

1 gene abundance from septic tanks in Thailand using validated 1 primers.

Antimicrobial resistance is a global crisis, and wastewater treatment, including septic tanks, remains an important source of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. The role of septic tanks in disseminating class 1 integron, and by extension AMR genes, in Thailand, where antibiotic use is unregulated remains understudied. We aimed to monitor gene abundance as a proxy to infer potential AMR from septic tanks in Thailand.

Multiwavelength Optoelectronic Synapse with 2D Materials for Mixed-Color Pattern Recognition.

Neuromorphic visual systems emulating biological retina functionalities have enormous potential for in-sensor computing, with prospects of making artificial intelligence ubiquitous. Conventionally, visual information is captured by an image sensor, stored by memory units, and eventually processed by the machine learning algorithm. Here, we present an optoelectronic synapse device with multifunctional integration of all the processes required for real time object identification.

Antigen identification and high-throughput interaction mapping by reprogramming viral entry.

Deciphering immune recognition is critical for understanding a broad range of diseases and for the development of effective vaccines and immunotherapies. Efforts to do so are limited by a lack of technologies capable of simultaneously capturing the complexity of adaptive immunoreceptor repertoires and the landscape of potential antigens. To address this, we present receptor-antigen pairing by targeted retroviruses, which combines viral pseudotyping and molecular engineering approaches to enable one-pot library-on-library interaction screens by displaying antigens on the surface of lentiviruses and encoding their identity in the viral genome.

Enrichment of the hydrogenotrophic methanogens for, in-situ biogas up-gradation by recirculation of gases and supply of hydrogen in methanogenic reactor.

During in situ biogas up-gradation by supplying hydrogen from an external source and enrichment of hydrogenotrophic methanogens, high pressure of H negatively affects hydrolytic and fermentative activities. To overcome this problem, the present study aimed to enrich the hydrogenotrophic methanogens by optimization of various parameters associated with gas recirculation along-with hydrogen supply from the external source. Due to recirculation of gases and supplied hydrogen, methane generation was two-fold higher in the optimal condition than in conventional anaerobic digestion, with the highest methane content of 99%.

Engineering an Antibody V Gene-Selective Vaccine.

The ligand-binding surface of the B cell receptor (BCR) is formed by encoded and non-encoded antigen complementarity determining regions (CDRs). Genetically reproducible or 'public' antibodies can arise when the encoded CDRs play deterministic roles in antigen recognition, notably within human broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV and influenza virus. We sought to exploit this by engineering virus-like-particle (VLP) vaccines that harbor multivalent affinity against gene-encoded moieties of the BCR antigen binding site.

Carbohydrazide Analogues: A Review of Synthesis and Biological Activities.

Carbohydrazides and their Schiff bases are important classes of heterocycles that are not only employed in the area of organic chemistry but also have tremendous applications in physical and inorganic chemistry. A series of potentially bioactive compounds containing carbohydrazide functionality and their hydrazone derivatives have been synthesized and screened for antibacterial, anticancer, antifungal and anti-inflammatory, etc. This brief review discloses some synthetic routes to so many reported carbohydrazides, their Schiff bases, their biological activities, and their structure-activity relationship.

Impact of thermo-sonication on quality indices of starch-based sauces.

In this study, ultrasonication, a physical, relatively cheap, and environmentally benign technology, was investigated to characterize its effect on functional properties of rice starch and rice starch-based sauces. Temperature-assisted ultrasound treatment improved the granular swelling power, fat and water absorption capacities, and thermal properties of rice starch, signifying its suitability in the formulation of starch-based sauces. Rheological characterization of the formulated sauces revealed a shear-thinning flow behavior, well described by the Ostwald de Waele model, while viscoelastic properties showed the existence of a weak gel.

Consumption of Aqueous Leaf Extract During Lactation May Improve Metabolic Homeostasis in Young Adult Offspring.

Background And Objective: Medicinal plants constitute a fundamental component of the traditional healthcare system in rural communities throughout Africa and Gongronema latifolium (GL), is widely trusted in Nigeria to have strong nutritional and medicinal values. This study was done to determine the effect of maternal consumption of GL during lactation in young adult offspring.

Materials And Methods: Twenty four female albino Wistar rats were used for this study and were randomly assigned to four (4) groups.

Spontaneous Glycan Reattachment Following N-Glycanase Treatment of Influenza and HIV Vaccine Antigens.

In cells, asparagine/N-linked glycans are added to glycoproteins cotranslationally, in an attachment process that supports proper folding of the nascent polypeptide. We found that following pruning of -glycan by the amidase PNGase F, the principal influenza vaccine antigen and major viral spike protein hemagglutinin (HA) spontaneously reattached -glycan to its de-N-glycosylated positions when the amidase was removed from solution. This reaction, which we term N-glycanation, was confirmed by site-specific analysis of HA glycoforms by mass spectrometry prior to PNGase F exposure, during exposure to PNGase F, and after amidase removal.